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#!/usr/bin/perl -ws # jpegrescan by Loren Merritt # This code is public domain. use File::Slurp; use File::Temp qw/ tempfile /; require threads if $t; @ARGV==2 or die "usage: jpegrescan in.jpg out.jpg tries various progressive scan orders switches: -s strip from all extra markers (`jpegtran -copy none` otherwise `jpegtran -copy all`) -i allow optimizations that may be incompatible with some software (implies -s) -t use multiple threads (usually 3.) Faster, but not 3x faster. -v verbose output -q supress all output -a use arithmetic coding (unsupported by most software) "; $fin = $ARGV[0]; $fout = $ARGV[1]; (undef, $ftmp) = tempfile(SUFFIX => ".scan"); $jtmp = $fout; $verbose = $v; $quiet = $q; if($t) { $triesn = \&triesnthreads; } else { $triesn = \&triesn; } $incompatible = $i; $dostrip = $s || $i; @strip = $dostrip ? ("-copy","none") : ("-copy","all"); @arith = $a ? ("-arithmetic") : (); undef $_ for $v,$q,$t,$s,$i,$a; undef $/; $|=1; # convert the input to baseline, just to make all the other conversions faster # FIXME there's still a bunch of redundant computation in separate calls to jpegtran open $OLDERR, ">&", STDERR; open STDERR, ">", $ftmp; open TRAN, "-|", "jpegtran", "-v", @strip, "-optimize", $fin or die; $data = <TRAN>; close TRAN; open STDERR, ">&", $OLDERR; # Strictly speaking, jfifremove does not generate a compliant JPEG file. # However, this is our temp file. It will always be run by jpegtran again. # So this gets rid of all existing JFIF segments. # And jpegtran will insert a minimal (18-byte) JFIF segment. # (Which -o will remove again if requested!) $data = jfifremove($data) if($dostrip); write_file($jtmp, $data); undef $data; $type = read_file($ftmp); $type =~ /components=(\d+)/ or die; $rgb = $1==3 ? 1 : $1==1 ? 0 : die "not RGB nor gray\n"; # Remove JFIF sections, written by Ken Brazier. # Based on http://lyncd.com/files/imgopt/jfifremove.c # Based on http://archives.devshed.com/forums/compression-130/question-about-using-jpegtran-for-lossless-compression-of-jpegs-2013044.html sub jfifremove { my $file = $_[0]; while($file =~ /^\xff\xd8\xff\xe0(.)(.)/) { # Next 2 bytes after APP0 are length of JFIF segment *excluding* APP0, but including themselves. my $len = ord($1)*256+ord($2); #print "Deleting $len bytes.\n"; unless($file =~ s/^(\xff\xd8)\xff\xe0.{$len}/$1/s) { warn "Problem with JFIF segment of length $len" unless $quiet; return $file; } } !$quiet && print $verbose ? "Removed ".(length($_[0])-length($file)-($incompatible?0:18))." jfif bytes.\n".length($file)."\n\n" : "."; return $file; } # FIXME optimize order for either progressive transfer or decoding speed sub canonize { my $txt = $prefix.$suffix.shift; $txt =~ s/\s*;\s*/;\n/g; $txt =~ s/^\s*//; $txt =~ s/ +/ /g; $txt =~ s/: (\d+) (\d+)/sprintf ": %2d %2d", $1, $2/ge; # treat u and v identically. I shouldn't need to do this, but with jpegtran overhead it saves 9% speed. cost: .008% bitrate. $txt =~ s/^2:.*\n//gm; $txt =~ s/^1:(.+)\n/1:$1\n2:$1\n/gm; # dc before ac, coarse before fine my @txt = sort {"$a\n$b" =~ /: *(\d+) .* (\d);\n.*: *(\d+) .* (\d);/ or die; !$3 <=> !$1 or $4 <=> $2 or $a cmp $b;} split /\n/, $txt; return join "\n", @txt; } # Arguments: # - Shift string sub try { my $txt = canonize(shift); return $memo{$txt} if $memo{$txt}; my $lftmp = $ftmp; $lftmp .= shift if($#_ == 0); write_file($lftmp, $txt); open TRAN, "-|", "jpegtran", @arith, @strip, "-scans", $lftmp, $jtmp or die; $data = <TRAN>; close TRAN; my $s = length $data; $s or die; !$quiet && print $verbose ? "$txt\n$s\n\n" : "."; if($ftmp eq $lftmp) { # Only if this isn't in a thread. $memo{$txt} = $s; return $s; } else { return ($s, $txt); } } $maxtries = -1; sub triesnthreads { my($bmode, $bsize); my ($limit, @modes) = @_; my @modethread; $limit = $#modes;# if($#modes < $limit); for(my $i=0; $i <= $limit; $i++) { push @modethread, threads->create(\&try, $modes[$i], $i); } $maxtries = $#modes if($#modes > $maxtries); for(my $i=0; $i <= $limit; $i++) { my ($s,$cmode) = $modethread[$i]->join(); # Do this outside the thread, to make sure it's saved. $memo{$cmode} = $s if(defined($cmode)); if(!$bsize || $s < $bsize) { $bsize = $s; $bmode = $modes[$i]; } } return $bmode; } sub triesn { my($bmode, $bsize); my ($limit, @modes) = @_; my $overshoot = 0; for(@modes) { my $s = try($_); if(!$bsize || $s < $bsize) { $bsize = $s; $bmode = $_; $overshoot = 0; } elsif(++$overshoot >= $limit) { last; } } return $bmode; } sub tries { &$triesn(99, @_); } $prefix = ""; $suffix = ""; if($rgb) { # 012 helps very little # 0/12 and 0/1/2 are pretty evenly matched in frequency, but 0/12 wins in total size if every image had to use the same mode # dc refinement passes never help my @tries = ("0: 0 0 0 0; 1: 0 0 0 0; 2: 0 0 0 0;"); # two scans expose a bug in Opera <= 11.61 unshift(@tries, "0: 0 0 0 0; 1 2: 0 0 0 0;") if $incompatible; $dc = tries(@tries); # jpegtran won't let me omit dc entirely, but I can at least quantize it away to make the rest of the tests faster. $prefix = "0 1 2: 0 0 0 9;"; } else { $dc = "0: 0 0 0 0;"; $prefix = "0: 0 0 0 9;"; } # luma can make use of up to 3 refinement passes. # chroma can make use of up to 2 refinement passes. # refinement passes have some chance of being split (luma: 4%,4%,4%. chroma: 20%,8%) but the total bit gain is negligible. # msb pass should almost always be split (luma: 87%, chroma: 81%). # I have no theoretical reason for this list of split positions, they're just the most common in practice. # splitting into 3 ections is often slightly better, but the total number of bits saved is negligible. # FIXME: penalize lots of refinement passes because it's slower to decode. if so, then also force overwrite if bigger than the input. sub try_splits { my $str = shift; my %n = map {$_ => sprintf "$c: 1 %d $str; $c: %d 63 $str;", $_, $_+1} 2,5,8,12,18; my $mode = &$triesn(3, "$c: 1 63 $str;", @n{2,8,5}); return $mode if $mode ne $n{8}; return &$triesn(2, $mode, @n{12,18}); } foreach $c (0..$rgb) { my @modes; my $ml = ""; for(0..($c?2:3)) { push @modes, "$c: 1 8 0 $_; $c: 9 63 0 $_;".$ml; $ml .= sprintf("$c: 1 63 %d %d;", $_+1, $_); } my $refine = &$triesn(1, @modes); $refine =~ s/.* (0 \d);//; $ac .= $refine . try_splits($1); } $prefix = ""; undef %memo; $mode = canonize($dc.$ac); try($mode); $data = jfifremove($data) if($incompatible); $size = length $data; !$quiet && print "\n$mode\n$size\n"; $old_size = -s $fin; !$quiet && printf "%+.2f%%\n", ($size/$old_size-1)*100; if($size <= $old_size) { write_file($fout, $data); } unlink $ftmp; for(my $i=0; $i <= $maxtries; $i++) { unlink $ftmp.$i; }
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