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모든 자바스크립트 개발자가 알아야 하는 33가지 개념

33 Concepts Every JavaScript Developer Should Know

</h1>

[![Follow me](https://img.shields.io/twitter/follow/leonardomso.svg?style=for-the-badge)](https://twitter.com/leonardomso)

</a>

</a>

</a>

</p>

## 소개

## Introduction

이 레포지토리는 개발자들이 자바스크립트의 개념을 마스터하는 것을 돕기 위해 만들어졌습니다. 필수적인 것은 아니지만 나중의 공부에 있어서 지침서가 될 수 있을 것입니다. [Stephen Curtis](https://twitter.com/stephenthecurt)의 저서를 기반으로 만들어졌으며, [이곳](https://medium.com/@stephenthecurt/33-fundamentals-every-javascript-developer-should-know-13dd720a90d1)에서 해당 저서를 읽을 수 있습니다.

This repository was created with the intention of helping developers master their concepts in JavaScript. It is not a requirement, but a guide for future studies. It is based on an article written by [Stephen Curtis](https://twitter.com/stephenthecurt) and you can read it [here](https://medium.com/@stephenthecurt/33-fundamentals-every-javascript-developer-should-know-13dd720a90d1).

### 🚀 [2018년 깃허브 최고의 오픈소스 프로젝트](https://github.blog/2018-12-13-new-open-source-projects/) 중 하나로 선정되었습니다!

## 목차

**🚀 Considered by GitHub as one of the [top open source projects of 2018!](https://blog.github.com/2018-12-13-new-open-source-projects/)**

1. **[호출 스택](#1-호출-스택)**

## Community

1. **[원시 자료형](#2-원시-자료형)**

1. **[값 타입(Value Type)과 참조 타입(Refecrence Type)](#3-값-타입value-type과-참조-타입refecrence-type)**

Feel free to submit a PR adding a link to your own recaps or reviews. If you want to translate the repo into your native language, please feel free to do so.

1. **[명시적 변환, 암시적 변환, Nominal, 구조화, 덕 타이핑](#4-명시적-변환-암시적-변환-nominal-구조화-덕-타이핑)**

1. **[== vs === vs typeof](#5--vs--vs-typeof)**

All the translations for this repo will be listed below:

1. **[함수 범위, 블록 범위, 렉시컬(lexical) 범위](#6-함수-범위-블록-범위-렉시컬lexical-범위)**

1. **[식(expression) vs 문(statement)](#7-식expression-vs-문statement)**

- [Chinese](https://github.com/stephentian/33-js-concepts) — Re Tian

1. **[IIFE, Modules, Namespaces](#8-iife-modules-namespaces)**

- [Portuguese-BR](https://github.com/tiagoboeing/33-js-concepts) — Tiago Boeing

1. **[메시지 큐와 이벤트 루프](#9-메시지-큐와-이벤트-루프)**

- [Korean](https://github.com/yjs03057/33-js-concepts.git) — Suin Lee

1. **[setTimeout, setInterval, requestAnimationFrame](#10-settimeout-setinterval-requestanimationframe)**

- [Spanish](https://github.com/adonismendozaperez/33-js-conceptos) — Adonis Mendoza

1. **[자바스크립트 엔진](#11-자바스크립트-엔진)**

- [Turkish](https://github.com/ilker0/33-js-concepts) — İlker Demir

1. **[비트 연산자, 형식화 배열, 버퍼(배열)](#12-비트-연산자-형식화-배열-버퍼배열)**

- [Russian](https://github.com/gumennii/33-js-concepts) — Mihail Gumennii

1. **[DOM과 Layout Trees](#13-dom과-layout-trees)**

- [Tiếng Việt](https://github.com/nguyentranchung/33-js-concepts) — Nguyễn Trần Chung

1. **[팩토리와 클래스](#14-팩토리와-클래스)**

- [Polish](https://github.com/lip3k/33-js-concepts) — Dawid Lipinski

1. **[this, call, apply, bind](#15-this-call-apply-bind)**

- [Persian](https://github.com/majidalavizadeh/33-js-concepts) — Majid Alavizadeh

1. **[new, 생성자, instanceof, 인스턴스](#16-new-생성자-instanceof-인스턴스)**

- [Indonesian](https://github.com/rijdz/33-js-concepts) — Rijdzuan Sampoerna

1. **[프로토타입의 상속과 체인](#17-프로토타입의-상속과-체인)**

- [French](https://github.com/robinmetral/33-concepts-js) — Robin Métral

1. **[Object.create와 Object.assign](#18-objectcreate와-objectassign)**

- [Hindi](https://github.com/vikaschauhan/33-js-concepts) — Vikas Chauhan

1. **[map, reduce, filter](#19-map-reduce-filter)**

- [Greek](https://github.com/DimitrisZx/33-js-concepts) — Dimitris Zarachanis

1. **[순수함수, 부수효과, 상태변이](#20-순수함수-부수효과-상태변이)**

- [Japanese](https://github.com/oimo23/33-js-concepts) — oimo23

1. **[클로저(Closures)](#21-클로저closures)**

- [German](https://github.com/burhannn/33-js-concepts) — burhannn

1. **[고차함수](#22-고차함수)**

- [Ukrainian](https://github.com/AndrewSavetchuk/33-js-concepts-ukrainian-translation) — Andrew Savetchuk

1. **[재귀](#23-재귀)**

- [Sinhala](https://github.com/ududsha/33-js-concepts) — Udaya Shamendra

1. **[컬렉션과 생성기](#24-컬렉션과-생성기)**

- [Italian](https://github.com/Donearm/33-js-concepts) - Gianluca Fiore

1. **[Promises](#25-promises)**

1. **[async/await](#26-asyncawait)**

1. **[자료 구조](#27-자료-구조)**

1. **[함수 성능과 빅 오(Big-O) 표기법](#28-함수-성능과-빅-오big-o-표기법)**

1. **[알고리즘](#29-알고리즘)**

1. **[상속, 다형성, 코드의 재사용성](#30-상속-다형성-코드의-재사용성)**

1. **[설계 패턴](#31-설계-패턴)**

1. **[부분 어플리케이션, 커링(Currying), Compose, Pipe](#32-부분-어플리케이션-커링currying-compose-pipe)**

1. **[클린 코드](#33-클린-코드)**

---

## 1. 호출 스택

## Table of Contents

### 글

1. **[Call Stack](#1-call-stack)**

2. **[Primitive Types](#2-primitive-types)**

3. **[Value Types and Reference Types](#3-value-types-and-reference-types)**

4. **[Implicit, Explicit, Nominal, Structuring and Duck Typing](#4-implicit-explicit-nominal-structuring-and-duck-typing)**

5. **[== vs === vs typeof](#5--vs--vs-typeof)**

6. **[Function Scope, Block Scope and Lexical Scope](#6-function-scope-block-scope-and-lexical-scope)**

7. **[Expression vs Statement](#7-expression-vs-statement)**

8. **[IIFE, Modules and Namespaces](#8-iife-modules-and-namespaces)**

9. **[Message Queue and Event Loop](#9-message-queue-and-event-loop)**

10. **[setTimeout, setInterval and requestAnimationFrame](#10-settimeout-setinterval-and-requestanimationframe)**

11. **[JavaScript Engines](#11-javascript-engines)**

12. **[Bitwise Operators, Type Arrays and Array Buffers](#12-bitwise-operators-type-arrays-and-array-buffers)**

13. **[DOM and Layout Trees](#13-dom-and-layout-trees)**

14. **[Factories and Classes](#14-factories-and-classes)**

15. **[this, call, apply and bind](#15-this-call-apply-and-bind)**

16. **[new, Constructor, instanceof and Instances](#16-new-constructor-instanceof-and-instances)**

17. **[Prototype Inheritance and Prototype Chain](#17-prototype-inheritance-and-prototype-chain)**

18. **[Object.create and Object.assign](#18-objectcreate-and-objectassign)**

19. **[map, reduce, filter](#19-map-reduce-filter)**

20. **[Pure Functions, Side Effects and State Mutation](#20-pure-functions-side-effects-and-state-mutation)**

21. **[Closures](#21-closures)**

22. **[High Order Functions](#22-high-order-functions)**

23. **[Recursion](#23-recursion)**

24. **[Collections and Generators](#24-collections-and-generators)**

25. **[Promises](#25-promises)**

26. **[async/await](#26-asyncawait)**

27. **[Data Structures](#27-data-structures)**

28. **[Expensive Operation and Big O Notation](#28-expensive-operation-and-big-o-notation)**

29. **[Algorithms](#29-algorithms)**

30. **[Inheritance, Polymorphism and Code Reuse](#30-inheritance-polymorphism-and-code-reuse)**

31. **[Design Patterns](#31-design-patterns)**

32. **[Partial Applications, Currying, Compose and Pipe](#32-partial-applications-currying-compose-and-pipe)**

33. **[Clean Code](#33-clean-code)**

Text moved from lines 336-338

---

## 1. Call Stack

### Articles

* 📜 [Understanding the JavaScript Call Stack — Charles Freeborn](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/understanding-the-javascript-call-stack-861e41ae61d4)

* 📜 [Javascript: What Is The Execution Context? What Is The Call Stack? — Valentino Gagliardi](https://www.valentinog.com/blog/js-execution-context-call-stack/)

* 📜 [What is the JS Event Loop and Call Stack? — Jess Telford](https://gist.github.com/jesstelford/9a35d20a2aa044df8bf241e00d7bc2d0)

* 📜 [Call Stack — MDN](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Glossary/Call_stack)

* 📜 [Understanding Execution Context and Execution Stack in Javascript — Sukhjinder Arora](https://blog.bitsrc.io/understanding-execution-context-and-execution-stack-in-javascript-1c9ea8642dd0)

* 📜 [How JavaScript Works: An Overview of the Engine, the Runtime, and the Call Stack — Alexander Zlatkov](https://blog.sessionstack.com/how-does-javascript-actually-work-part-1-b0bacc073cf)

* 📜 [The Ultimate Guide to Execution Contexts, Hoisting, Scopes, and Closures in JavaScript — Tyler McGinnis](https://tylermcginnis.com/ultimate-guide-to-execution-contexts-hoisting-scopes-and-closures-in-javascript/)

### 영상

### Videos

* 🎥 [Javascript: the Call Stack explained — Coding Blocks India](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w6QGEiQceOM)

* 🎥 [The JS Call Stack Explained In 9 Minutes — Colt Steele](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W8AeMrVtFLY)

* 🎥 [JavaScript Execution Stack — Codecademy](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jT0USJeNFEA)

* 🎥 [What is the Call Stack? — Eric Traub](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w7QWQlkLY_s)

* 🎥 [The Call Stack — Kevin Drumm](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q2sFmqvpBe0)

* 🎥 [Understanding JavaScript Execution — Codesmith](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6a1cLyq7Ac&list=PLWrQZnG8l0E4kd1T_nyuVoxQUaYEWFgcD)

* 🎥 [Call Stack & Event Loop — movies com](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mk0lu9MKBto)

* 🎥 [The Ultimate Guide to Execution Contexts, Hoisting, Scopes, and Closures in JavaScript — Tyler McGinnis](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nt-qa_LlUH0)

* 🎥 [What the heck is the event loop anyway? — Philip Roberts](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8aGhZQkoFbQ)

* 🎥 [La PILA DE EJECUCIÓN (Call Stack) de JavaScript — La Cocina del Código](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ygA5U7Wgsg8)

**[⬆ Back to Top](#목차)**

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 2. 원시 자료형

## 2. Primitive Types

### 글

### Articles

* 📜 [How numbers are encoded in JavaScript — Dr. Axel Rauschmayer](http://2ality.com/2012/04/number-encoding.html)

* 📜 [What You Need to Know About JavaScript Number Type — Max Wizard K](https://medium.com/dailyjs/javascripts-number-type-8d59199db1b6)

* 📜 [What Every JavaScript Developer Should Know About Floating Point Numbers — Chewxy](https://blog.chewxy.com/2014/02/24/what-every-javascript-developer-should-know-about-floating-point-numbers/)

* 📜 [The Secret Life of JavaScript Primitives — Angus Croll](https://javascriptweblog.wordpress.com/2010/09/27/the-secret-life-of-javascript-primitives/)

* 📜 [Primitive Types — Flow](https://flow.org/en/docs/types/primitives/)

* 📜 [(Not) Everything in JavaScript is an Object - Daniel Li](http://blog.brew.com.hk/not-everything-in-javascript-is-an-object/)

* 📜 [(Not) Everything in JavaScript is an Object — Daniel Li](http://blog.brew.com.hk/not-everything-in-javascript-is-an-object/)

* 📜 [JavaScript data types and data structures - MDN](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Primitive_values)

* 📜 [JavaScript data types and data structures — MDN](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Primitive_values)

* 📜 [Diving Deeper in JavaScripts Objects — Arfat Salman](https://blog.bitsrc.io/diving-deeper-in-javascripts-objects-318b1e13dc12)

* 📜 [The differences between Object.freeze() vs Const in JavaScript — Bolaji Ayodeji](https://medium.com/@bolajiayodeji/the-differences-between-object-freeze-vs-const-in-javascript-4eacea534d7c)

### 영상

### Videos

* 🎥 [JavaScript Reference vs Primitive Types — Academind](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ooYYRLdg_g)

* 🎥 [JavaScript Primitive Types — Simon Sez IT](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HsbWQsSCE5Y)

* 🎥 [Javascript Primitive and Reference Types — Baljeet Singh](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F7YbhKbpFic)

* 🎥 [Value Types and Reference Types in JavaScript — Programming with Mosh](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e-_mDyqm2oU)

* 🎥 [JavaScript Primitive Data Types — Avelx](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qw3j0A3DIzQ)

* 🎥 [Everything you never wanted to know about JavaScript numbers — Bartek Szopka](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MqHDDtVYJRI)

* 🎥 [What are variables in Javascript? — JS For Everyone](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B4Bbmei_thw)

* 🎥 [TIPOS DE DATOS PRIMITIVOS en JAVASCRIPT - La Cocina del Código](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cC65D2q5f8I)

**[⬆ Back to Top](#목차)**

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 3. 값 타입(Value Type)과 참조 타입(Refecrence Type)

## 3. Value Types and Reference Types

### 글

### Articles

* 📜 [Explaining Value vs. Reference in Javascript — Arnav Aggarwal](https://codeburst.io/explaining-value-vs-reference-in-javascript-647a975e12a0)

* 📜 [Understand Value and Reference Types in JavaScript — Zsolt Nagy](https://www.zsoltnagy.eu/understand-value-and-reference-types-in-javascript/)

* 📜 [Primitive Types & Reference Types in JavaScript — Bran van der Meer](https://gist.github.com/branneman/7fb06d8a74d7e6d4cbcf75c50fec599c)

* 📜 [Value Types, Reference Types and Scope in JavaScript — Ben Aston](https://medium.com/@benastontweet/lesson-1b-javascript-fundamentals-380f601ba851)

* 📜 [Back to roots: JavaScript Value vs Reference — Miro Koczka](https://medium.com/dailyjs/back-to-roots-javascript-value-vs-reference-8fb69d587a18)

* 📜 [Grasp "By Value" and "By Reference" in JavaScript — Léna Faure](https://hackernoon.com/grasp-by-value-and-by-reference-in-javascript-7ed75efa1293)

* 📜 [Grasp “By Value” and “By Reference” in JavaScript — Léna Faure](https://hackernoon.com/grasp-by-value-and-by-reference-in-javascript-7ed75efa1293)

* 📜 [JavaScript Reference and Copy Variables — Vítor Capretz](https://hackernoon.com/javascript-reference-and-copy-variables-b0103074fdf0)

* 📜 [JavaScript Primitive vs Reference Values](http://www.javascripttutorial.net/javascript-primitive-vs-reference-values/)

* 📜 [JavaScript by Reference vs. by Value — nrabinowitz](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6605640/javascript-by-reference-vs-by-value)

### 영상

* 📜 [JavaScript Interview Prep: Primitive vs. Reference Types — Mike Cronin](https://dev.to/mostlyfocusedmike/javascript-interview-prep-primitive-vs-reference-types-3o4f)

### Videos

* 🎥 [Javascript Pass by Value vs Pass by Reference — techsith](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E-dAnFdq8k8)

* 🎥 [JavaScript Value vs Reference Types — Programming with Mosh](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fD0t_DKREbE)

**[⬆ Back to Top](#목차)**

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 4. 명시적 변환, 암시적 변환, Nominal, 구조화, 덕 타이핑

## 4. Implicit, Explicit, Nominal, Structuring and Duck Typing

### 글

### Articles

* 📜 [What you need to know about Javascript's Implicit Coercion — Promise Tochi](https://dev.to/promhize/what-you-need-to-know-about-javascripts-implicit-coercion-e23)

* 📜 [JavaScript Type Coercion Explained — Alexey Samoshkin](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/js-type-coercion-explained-27ba3d9a2839)

* 📜 [Javascript Coercion Explained — Ben Garrison](https://hackernoon.com/javascript-coercion-explained-545c895213d3)

* 📜 [What exactly is Type Coercion in Javascript? - Stack Overflow](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19915688/what-exactly-is-type-coercion-in-javascript)

* 📜 [You Don't Know JS: Types & Grammar [Book] — Kyle Simpson](https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/you-dont-know/9781491905159/ch04.html)

* 📜 [Type Coercion in JavaScript, and why everyone gets it wrong.](https://thedevs.network/blog/type-coercion-in-javascript-and-why-everyone-gets-it-wrong)

### 영상

### Videos

* 🎥 [== ? === ??? ...#@^% - Shirmung Bielefeld](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qGyqzN0bjhc&t)

* 🎥 [Coercion in Javascript - Hitesh Choudhary](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b04Q_vyqEG8)

* 🎥 [JavaScript Questions: What is Coercion? - Steven Hancock](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z4-8wMSPJyI)

* 🎥 [Typing: Static vs Dynamic, Weak vs. Strong - Codexpanse](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C5fr0LZLMAs)

**[⬆ Back to Top](#목차)**

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 5. == vs === vs typeof

### 글

### Articles

* 📜 [JavaScript Double Equals vs. Triple Equals — Brandon Morelli](https://codeburst.io/javascript-double-equals-vs-triple-equals-61d4ce5a121a)

* 📜 [What is the difference between =, ==, and === in JS? — Codecademy](https://www.codecademy.com/en/forum_questions/558ea4f5e39efed371000508)

* 📜 [Should I use === or == equality comparison operator in JavaScript? — Panu Pitkamaki](https://bytearcher.com/articles/equality-comparison-operator-javascript/)

* 📜 [== vs === JavaScript: Double Equals and Coercion — AJ Meyghani](https://www.codementor.io/javascript/tutorial/double-equals-and-coercion-in-javascript)

* 📜 [Why Use the Triple-Equals Operator in JavaScript? — Louis Lazaris](https://www.impressivewebs.com/why-use-triple-equals-javascipt/)

* 📜 [What is the difference between == and === in JavaScript? — Craig Buckler](https://www.oreilly.com/learning/what-is-the-difference-between-and-in-javascript)

* 📜 [Why javascript's typeof always return "object"? — Stack Overflow](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3787901/why-javascripts-typeof-always-return-object)

* 📜 [Checking Types in Javascript — Toby Ho](http://tobyho.com/2011/01/28/checking-types-in-javascript/)

* 📜 [How to better check data types in JavaScript — Webbjocke](https://webbjocke.com/javascript-check-data-types/)

* 📜 [Checking for the Absence of a Value in JavaScript — Tomer Aberbach](https://tomeraberba.ch/html/post/checking-for-the-absence-of-a-value-in-javascript.html)

### 영상

### Videos

* 🎥 [JavaScript - The typeof operator — Java Brains](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ol_su88I3kw)

* 🎥 [Javascript typeof operator — DevDelight](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qPYhTPt_SbQ)

**[⬆ Back to Top](#목차)**

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 6. 함수 범위, 블록 범위, 렉시컬(lexical) 범위

## 6. Function Scope, Block Scope and Lexical Scope

### 글

### Articles

* 📜 [You Don't Know JS: Scope & Closures [Book] — Kyle Simpson](https://github.com/getify/You-Dont-Know-JS/blob/master/scope%20%26%20closures/ch3.md)

* 📜 [You Don't Know JS: Scope & Closures [Book] — Kyle Simpson](https://github.com/getify/You-Dont-Know-JS/blob/1st-ed/scope%20%26%20closures/ch3.md)

* 📜 [JavaScript Functions — Understanding The Basics — Brandon Morelli](https://codeburst.io/javascript-functions-understanding-the-basics-207dbf42ed99)

* 📜 [The battle between Function Scope and Block Scope — Marius Herring](http://www.deadcoderising.com/2017-04-11-es6-var-let-and-const-the-battle-between-function-scope-and-block-scope/)

* 📜 [Emulating Block Scope in JavaScript — Josh Clanton](http://adripofjavascript.com/blog/drips/emulating-block-scope-in-javascript.html)

* 📜 [The Difference Between Function and Block Scope in JavaScript — Joseph Cardillo](https://medium.com/@josephcardillo/the-difference-between-function-and-block-scope-in-javascript-4296b2322abe)

* 📜 [Function Scopes and Block Scopes in JavaScript — Samer Buna](https://edgecoders.com/function-scopes-and-block-scopes-in-javascript-25bbd7f293d7)

* 📜 [Understanding Scope and Context in JavaScript | Ryan Morr](http://ryanmorr.com/understanding-scope-and-context-in-javascript/)

* 📜 [JavaScript Scope and Closures — Zell Liew](https://css-tricks.com/javascript-scope-closures/)

* 📜 [Understanding Scope in JavaScript — Wissam Abirached](https://developer.telerik.com/topics/web-development/understanding-scope-in-javascript/)

* 📜 [Speaking JavaScript - Variables: Scopes, Environments, and Closures — Dr. Axel Rauschmayer](http://speakingjs.com/es5/ch16.html)

* 📜 [Understanding Scope in JavaScript — Hammad Ahmed](https://scotch.io/tutorials/understanding-scope-in-javascript)

* 📜 [Understanding Scope in JavaScript ― Hammad Ahmed](https://scotch.io/tutorials/understanding-scope-in-javascript)

* 📜 [When to use a function declaration vs. a function expression ― Amber Wilkie](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/when-to-use-a-function-declarations-vs-a-function-expression-70f15152a0a0)

* 📜 [A JavaScript Fundamentals Cheat Sheet: Scope, Context, and “this” ― Alexandra Fren](https://dev.to/alexandrafren/a-javascript-fundamentals-cheat-sheet-scope-context-and-this-28ai)

### 영상

### Videos

* 🎥 [What Makes Javascript Weird ... and Awesome pt. 4 — LearnCode.academy](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SBwoFkRjZvE)

* 🎥 [Variable Scope in JavaScript — Kirupa Chinnathambi](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dhp57T3p760)

* 🎥 [JavaScript Block Scope and Function Scope — mmtuts](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aK_nuUAdr8E)

* 🎥 [What the Heck is Lexical Scope? — NWCalvank](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GhNA0r10MmA)

**[⬆ Back to Top](#목차)**

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 7. 식(expression) vs 문(statement)

## 7. Expression vs Statement

### 글

### Articles

* 📜 [Function Expressions vs Function Declarations — Paul Wilkins](https://www.sitepoint.com/function-expressions-vs-declarations/)

* 📜 [JavaScript Function — Declaration vs Expression — Ravi Roshan](https://medium.com/@raviroshan.talk/javascript-function-declaration-vs-expression-f5873b8c7b38)

* 📜 [Function Declarations vs. Function Expressions — Mandeep Singh](https://medium.com/@mandeep1012/function-declarations-vs-function-expressions-b43646042052)

* 📜 [Function Declarations vs. Function Expressions — Anguls Croll](https://javascriptweblog.wordpress.com/2010/07/06/function-declarations-vs-function-expressions/)

### 영상

### Videos

* 🎥 [Expressions vs. Statements in JavaScript — Hexlet](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WVyCrI1cHi8)

* 🎥 [JavaScript - Expression vs. Statement — WebTunings](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3jDpNGJkupA)

* 🎥 [Function Statements and Function Expressions — Codeacademy](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oB5rH_9bqAI)

**[⬆ Back to Top](#목차)**

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 8. IIFE, Modules, Namespaces

## 8. IIFE, Modules and Namespaces

### 글

### Articles

* 📜 [Do ES6 Modules make the case of IIFEs obsolete?](https://hashnode.com/post/do-es6-modules-make-the-case-of-iifes-obsolete-civ96wet80scqgc538un20es0)

* 📜 [A 10 minute primer to JavaScript modules, module formats, module loaders and module bundlers — Jurgen Van de Moere](https://www.jvandemo.com/a-10-minute-primer-to-javascript-modules-module-formats-module-loaders-and-module-bundlers/)

* 📜 [A 10 minute primer to JavaScript modules, module formats, module loaders and module bundlers ― Jurgen Van de Moere](https://www.jvandemo.com/a-10-minute-primer-to-javascript-modules-module-formats-module-loaders-and-module-bundlers/)

* 📜 [Modules — Exploring JS](http://exploringjs.com/es6/ch_modules.html)

* 📜 [Modules ― Exploring JS](http://exploringjs.com/es6/ch_modules.html)

* 📜 [ES modules: A cartoon deep-dive — Lin Clark](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2018/03/es-modules-a-cartoon-deep-dive/)

* 📜 [Understanding ES6 Modules — Craig Buckler](https://www.sitepoint.com/understanding-es6-modules/)

* 📜 [An overview of ES6 Modules in JavaScript — Brent Graham](https://blog.cloud66.com/an-overview-of-es6-modules-in-javascript/)

* 📜 [ES6 Modules in Depth — Nicolás Bevacqua](https://ponyfoo.com/articles/es6-modules-in-depth)

* 📜 [ES6 modules, Node.js and the Michael Jackson Solution — Alberto Gimeno](https://medium.com/dailyjs/es6-modules-node-js-and-the-michael-jackson-solution-828dc244b8b)

* 📜 [JavaScript Modules: A Beginner’s Guide — Preethi Kasireddy](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/javascript-modules-a-beginner-s-guide-783f7d7a5fcc)

* 📜 [Using JavaScript modules on the web](https://developers.google.com/web/fundamentals/primers/modules)

* 📜 [JavaScript Modules: From IIFEs to CommonJS to ES6 Modules — Tyler McGinnis](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/javascript-modules-from-iifes-to-commonjs-to-es6-modules-4d10c16f55d4)

### 영상

### Videos

* 🎥 [Immediately Invoked Function Expression - Beau teaches JavaScript — freeCodeCamp](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3cbiZV4H22c)

* 🎥 [Understanding JavaScript IIFE](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I5EntfMeIIQ)

* 🎥 [JavaScript Modules: ES6 Import and Export — Kyle Robinson](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_3oSWwapPKQ)

* 🎥 [ES6 - Modules — Ryan Christiani](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aQr2bV1BPyE)

* 🎥 [ES6 Modules in the Real World — Sam Thorogood](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fIP4pjAqCtQ)

* 🎥 [ES6 Modules — TempleCoding](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5P04OK6KlXA)

**[⬆ Back to Top](#목차)**

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 9. 메시지 큐와 이벤트 루프

## 9. Message Queue and Event Loop

### 글

### Articles

* 📜 [JavaScript Event Loop Explained — Anoop Raveendran](https://medium.com/front-end-hacking/javascript-event-loop-explained-4cd26af121d4)

* 📜 [The JavaScript Event Loop: Explained — Erin Sweson-Healey](https://blog.carbonfive.com/2013/10/27/the-javascript-event-loop-explained/)

* 📜 [What is the Event Loop in Javascript — WP Tutor.io](https://www.wptutor.io/web/js/javascript-event-loop)

* 📜 [Understanding JS: The Event Loop — Alexander Kondov](https://hackernoon.com/understanding-js-the-event-loop-959beae3ac40)

* 📜 [Understanding the JavaScript Event Loop — Ashish Gupta](https://www.zeolearn.com/magazine/understanding-the-javascript-event-loop)

* 📜 [Event Loop in Javascript — Manjula Dube](https://code.likeagirl.io/what-the-heck-is-event-loop-1e414fccef49)

* 📜 [The JavaScript Event Loop — Flavio Copes](https://flaviocopes.com/javascript-event-loop/)

* 📜 [How JavaScript works: Event loop — Alexander Zlatkov](https://blog.sessionstack.com/how-javascript-works-event-loop-and-the-rise-of-async-programming-5-ways-to-better-coding-with-2f077c4438b5)

* 📜 [Tasks, microtasks, queues and schedules — Jake Archibald](https://jakearchibald.com/2015/tasks-microtasks-queues-and-schedules/)

* 📜 [Visualising the JavaScript Event Loop with a Pizza Restaurant analogy — Priyansh Jain](https://dev.to/presto412/visualising-the-javascript-event-loop-with-a-pizza-restaurant-analogy-47a8)

### 영상

### Videos

* 🎥 [What the heck is the event loop anyway? | JSConf EU — Philip Roberts](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8aGhZQkoFbQ)

* 🎥 [JavaScript Event Loop — ComScience Simplified](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XzXIMZMN9k4)

* 🎥 [I'm stuck in an Event Loop — Philip Roberts](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6MXRNXXgP_0)

* 🎥 [In The Loop - Jake Archibald | JSConf.Asia 2018](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cCOL7MC4Pl0)

* 🎥 [Desmitificando el Event Loop (Spanish)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eqq2Rb7LzYE)

**[⬆ Back to Top](#목차)**

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 10. setTimeout, setInterval, requestAnimationFrame

## 10. setTimeout, setInterval and requestAnimationFrame

### 글

### Articles

* 📜 [setTimeout and setInterval — JavaScript.Info](https://javascript.info/settimeout-setinterval)

* 📜 [Why not to use setInterval — Akanksha Sharma](https://dev.to/akanksha_9560/why-not-to-use-setinterval--2na9)

* 📜 [setTimeout VS setInterval — Develoger](https://develoger.com/settimeout-vs-setinterval-cff85142555b)

* 📜 [Using requestAnimationFrame — Chris Coyier](https://css-tricks.com/using-requestanimationframe/)

* 📜 [Understanding JavaScript's requestAnimationFrame() — JavaScript Kit](http://www.javascriptkit.com/javatutors/requestanimationframe.shtml)

* 📜 [Handling time intervals in JavaScript - Amit Merchant](https://www.amitmerchant.com/Handling-Time-Intervals-In-Javascript/)

### 영상

### Videos

* 🎥 [Javascript: How setTimeout and setInterval works — Coding Blocks India](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6bPKyl8WYWI)

* 🎥 [setTimeout and setInterval in JavaScript — techsith](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TbCgGWe8LN8)

* 🎥 [JavaScript Timers — Steve Griffith](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0VVJSvlUgtg)

* 🎥 [JavaScript setTimeout, setInterval & clearInterval — DoingITeasyChannel](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BVALvvy5bZY)

* 🎥 [JavaScript setTimeOut and setInterval Explained — Theodore Anderson](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mVKfrWCOB60)

**[⬆ Back to Top](#목차)**

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 11. 자바스크립트 엔진

## 11. JavaScript Engines

### 글

### Articles

* 📜 [JavaScript Engines — Jen Looper](http://www.softwaremag.com/javascript-engines/)

* 📜 [Understanding How the Chrome V8 Engine Translates JavaScript into Machine Code — DroidHead](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/understanding-the-core-of-nodejs-the-powerful-chrome-v8-engine-79e7eb8af964)

* 📜 [Understanding V8's Bytecode — Franziska Hinkelmann](https://medium.com/dailyjs/understanding-v8s-bytecode-317d46c94775)

* 📜 [Understanding V8’s Bytecode — Franziska Hinkelmann](https://medium.com/dailyjs/understanding-v8s-bytecode-317d46c94775)

* 📜 [How the V8 engine works? — Thibault Laurens](http://thibaultlaurens.github.io/javascript/2013/04/29/how-the-v8-engine-works/)

* 📜 [A Brief History of Google's V8 Javascript Engine — Clair Smith](https://www.mediacurrent.com/blog/brief-history-googles-v8-javascript-engine/)

* 📜 [A Brief History of Google’s V8 Javascript Engine — Clair Smith](https://www.mediacurrent.com/blog/brief-history-googles-v8-javascript-engine/)

* 📜 [JavaScript essentials: why you should know how the engine works - Rainer Hahnekamp](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/javascript-essentials-why-you-should-know-how-the-engine-works-c2cc0d321553)

* 📜 [JavaScript essentials: why you should know how the engine works - Rainer Hahnekamp](https://medi

* 📜 [JavaScript engine fundamentals: Shapes and Inline Caches](https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/shapes-ics)

* 📜 [JavaScript engine fundamentals: optimizing prototypes](https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/prototypes)

* 📜 [How V8 optimizes array operations](https://v8.dev/blog/elements-kinds)

### 영상

* 🎥 [JavaScript Engines: The Good Parts™ — Mathias Bynens & Benedikt Meurer](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5nmpokoRaZI)

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Text moved to lines 81-83

---

## 12. 비트 연산자, 형식화 배열, 버퍼(배열)

### 글

* 📜 [Programming with JS: Bitwise Operations — Alexander Kondov](https://hackernoon.com/programming-with-js-bitwise-operations-393eb0745dc4)

* 📜 [Using JavaScript's Bitwise Operators in Real Life — ian m](https://codeburst.io/using-javascript-bitwise-operators-in-real-life-f551a731ff5)

* 📜 [JavaScript Bitwise Operators — w3resource](https://www.w3resource.com/javascript/operators/bitwise-operator.php)

* 📜 [Bitwise Operators in Javascript — Joe Cha](https://medium.com/bother7-blog/bitwise-operators-in-javascript-65c4c69be0d3)

* 📜 [A Comprehensive Primer on Binary Computation and Bitwise Operators in Javascript — Paul Brown](https://medium.com/techtrument/a-comprehensive-primer-on-binary-computation-and-bitwise-operators-in-javascript-81acf8341f04)

### 영상

* 🎥 [JavaScript Bitwise Operators — Programming with Mosh](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mesu75PTDC8)

**[⬆ Back to Top](#목차)**

---

## 13. DOM과 Layout Trees

### 글

* 📜 [How To Understand and Modify the DOM in JavaScript — Tania Rascia](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/introduction-to-the-dom)

* 📜 [What’s the Document Object Model, and why you should know how to use it — Leonardo Maldonado](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/whats-the-document-object-model-and-why-you-should-know-how-to-use-it-1a2d0bc5429d)

* 📜 [JavaScript DOM Tutorial with Example — Guru99](https://www.guru99.com/how-to-use-dom-and-events-in-javascript.html)

* 📜 [What is the DOM? — Chris Coyier](https://css-tricks.com/dom/)

* 📜 [Traversing the DOM with JavaScript — Zell Liew](https://zellwk.com/blog/dom-traversals/)

* 📜 [Eloquent JavaScript [Book] — The Document Object Model](https://eloquentjavascript.net/14_dom.html)

* 📜 [DOM Tree](https://javascript.info/dom-nodes)

* 📜 [How to traverse the DOM in Javascript — Vojislav Grujić](https://medium.com/javascript-in-plain-english/how-to-traverse-the-dom-in-javascript-d6555c335b4e)

* 📜 [Render Tree Construction — Ilya Grigorik](https://developers.google.com/web/fundamentals/performance/critical-rendering-path/render-tree-construction)

### 영상

* 🎥 [JavaScript DOM — The Net Ninja](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FIORjGvT0kk)

* 🎥 [JavaScript DOM Crash Course — Traversy Media](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0ik6X4DJKCc)

**[⬆ Back to Top](#목차)**

---

## 14. 팩토리와 클래스

### 글

* 📜 [How To Use Classes in JavaScript — Tania Rascia](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/understanding-classes-in-javascript)

* 📜 [Javascript Classes — Under The Hood — Majid](https://medium.com/tech-tajawal/javascript-classes-under-

Diferencias guardadas

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Abrir archivo

<h1 align="center">
<br>
  <a href="https://github.com/leonardomso/33"><img src="https://i.imgur.com/dsHmk6H.jpg" alt="33 Concepts Every JS Developer Should Know" width=200"></a>
  <br>
    <br>
  모든 자바스크립트 개발자가 알아야 하는 33가지 개념
  <br><br>
</h1>

## 소개

## 목차

1. **[호출 스택](#1-호출-스택)**
1. **[원시 자료형](#2-원시-자료형)**
1. **[값 타입(Value Type)과 참조 타입(Refecrence Type)](#3-값-타입value-type과-참조-타입refecrence-type)**
1. **[명시적 변환, 암시적 변환, Nominal, 구조화, 덕 타이핑](#4-명시적-변환-암시적-변환-nominal-구조화-덕-타이핑)**
1. **[== vs === vs typeof](#5--vs--vs-typeof)**
1. **[함수 범위, 블록 범위, 렉시컬(lexical) 범위](#6-함수-범위-블록-범위-렉시컬lexical-범위)**
1. **[식(expression) vs 문(statement)](#7-식expression-vs-문statement)**
1. **[IIFE, Modules, Namespaces](#8-iife-modules-namespaces)**
1. **[메시지 큐와 이벤트 루프](#9-메시지-큐와-이벤트-루프)**
1. **[setTimeout, setInterval, requestAnimationFrame](#10-settimeout-setinterval-requestanimationframe)**
1. **[자바스크립트 엔진](#11-자바스크립트-엔진)**
1. **[비트 연산자, 형식화 배열, 버퍼(배열)](#12-비트-연산자-형식화-배열-버퍼배열)**
1. **[DOM과 Layout Trees](#13-dom과-layout-trees)**
1. **[팩토리와 클래스](#14-팩토리와-클래스)**
1. **[this, call, apply, bind](#15-this-call-apply-bind)**
1. **[new, 생성자, instanceof, 인스턴스](#16-new-생성자-instanceof-인스턴스)**
1. **[프로토타입의 상속과 체인](#17-프로토타입의-상속과-체인)**
1. **[Object.create와 Object.assign](#18-objectcreate와-objectassign)**
1. **[map, reduce, filter](#19-map-reduce-filter)**
1. **[순수함수, 부수효과, 상태변이](#20-순수함수-부수효과-상태변이)**
1. **[클로저(Closures)](#21-클로저closures)**
1. **[고차함수](#22-고차함수)**
1. **[재귀](#23-재귀)**
1. **[컬렉션과 생성기](#24-컬렉션과-생성기)**
1. **[Promises](#25-promises)**
1. **[async/await](#26-asyncawait)**
1. **[자료 구조](#27-자료-구조)**
1. **[함수 성능과 빅 오(Big-O) 표기법](#28-함수-성능과-빅-오big-o-표기법)**
1. **[알고리즘](#29-알고리즘)**
1. **[상속, 다형성, 코드의 재사용성](#30-상속-다형성-코드의-재사용성)**
1. **[설계 패턴](#31-설계-패턴)**
1. **[부분 어플리케이션, 커링(Currying), Compose, Pipe](#32-부분-어플리케이션-커링currying-compose-pipe)**
1. **[클린 코드](#33-클린-코드)**

---

## 1. 호출 스택

### 글

* 📜 [Understanding Javascript Call Stack, Event Loops — Gaurav Pandvia](https://medium.com/@gaurav.pandvia/understanding-javascript-function-executions-tasks-event-loop-call-stack-more-part-1-5683dea1f5ec)
 * 📜 [Understanding the JavaScript Call Stack — Charles Freeborn](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/understanding-the-javascript-call-stack-861e41ae61d4)
 * 📜 [Javascript: What Is The Execution Context? What Is The Call Stack? — Valentino Gagliardi](https://www.valentinog.com/blog/js-execution-context-call-stack/)
 * 📜 [What is the JS Event Loop and Call Stack? — Jess Telford](https://gist.github.com/jesstelford/9a35d20a2aa044df8bf241e00d7bc2d0)
 * 📜 [Call Stack — MDN](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Glossary/Call_stack)
 * 📜 [Understanding Execution Context and Execution Stack in Javascript — Sukhjinder Arora](https://blog.bitsrc.io/understanding-execution-context-and-execution-stack-in-javascript-1c9ea8642dd0)
 * 📜 [How JavaScript Works: An Overview of the Engine, the Runtime, and the Call Stack — Alexander Zlatkov](https://blog.sessionstack.com/how-does-javascript-actually-work-part-1-b0bacc073cf)
 * 📜 [The Ultimate Guide to Execution Contexts, Hoisting, Scopes, and Closures in JavaScript — Tyler McGinnis](https://tylermcginnis.com/ultimate-guide-to-execution-contexts-hoisting-scopes-and-closures-in-javascript/)

### 영상

* 🎥 [Javascript: the Call Stack explained — Coding Blocks India](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w6QGEiQceOM)
 * 🎥 [The JS Call Stack Explained In 9 Minutes — Colt Steele](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W8AeMrVtFLY)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Execution Stack — Codecademy](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jT0USJeNFEA)
 * 🎥 [What is the Call Stack? — Eric Traub](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w7QWQlkLY_s)
 * 🎥 [The Call Stack — Kevin Drumm](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q2sFmqvpBe0)
 * 🎥 [Understanding JavaScript Execution — Codesmith](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6a1cLyq7Ac&list=PLWrQZnG8l0E4kd1T_nyuVoxQUaYEWFgcD)
 * 🎥 [Call Stack & Event Loop — movies com](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mk0lu9MKBto)
 * 🎥 [The Ultimate Guide to Execution Contexts, Hoisting, Scopes, and Closures in JavaScript — Tyler McGinnis](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nt-qa_LlUH0)
 * 🎥 [What the heck is the event loop anyway? — Philip Roberts](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8aGhZQkoFbQ)
 
**[⬆  Back to Top](#목차)**

---

## 2. 원시 자료형

### 글

* 📜 [How numbers are encoded in JavaScript — Dr. Axel Rauschmayer](http://2ality.com/2012/04/number-encoding.html)
 * 📜 [What You Need to Know About JavaScript Number Type — Max Wizard K](https://medium.com/dailyjs/javascripts-number-type-8d59199db1b6)
 * 📜 [What Every JavaScript Developer Should Know About Floating Point Numbers — Chewxy](https://blog.chewxy.com/2014/02/24/what-every-javascript-developer-should-know-about-floating-point-numbers/)
 * 📜 [The Secret Life of JavaScript Primitives — Angus Croll](https://javascriptweblog.wordpress.com/2010/09/27/the-secret-life-of-javascript-primitives/)
 * 📜 [Primitive Types — Flow](https://flow.org/en/docs/types/primitives/)
 * 📜 [(Not) Everything in JavaScript is an Object - Daniel Li](http://blog.brew.com.hk/not-everything-in-javascript-is-an-object/)
 * 📜 [JavaScript data types and data structures - MDN](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Primitive_values)
 * 📜 [Diving Deeper in JavaScripts Objects — Arfat Salman](https://blog.bitsrc.io/diving-deeper-in-javascripts-objects-318b1e13dc12)

### 영상

* 🎥 [JavaScript Reference vs Primitive Types — Academind](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ooYYRLdg_g)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Primitive Types — Simon Sez IT](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HsbWQsSCE5Y)
 * 🎥 [Javascript Primitive and Reference Types — Baljeet Singh](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F7YbhKbpFic)
 * 🎥 [Value Types and Reference Types in JavaScript — Programming with Mosh](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e-_mDyqm2oU)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Primitive Data Types — Avelx](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qw3j0A3DIzQ)
 * 🎥 [Everything you never wanted to know about JavaScript numbers — Bartek Szopka](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MqHDDtVYJRI)
 * 🎥 [What are variables in Javascript? — JS For Everyone](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B4Bbmei_thw)
 
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---

## 3. 값 타입(Value Type)과 참조 타입(Refecrence Type)

### 글

* 📜 [Explaining Value vs. Reference in Javascript — Arnav Aggarwal](https://codeburst.io/explaining-value-vs-reference-in-javascript-647a975e12a0)
 * 📜 [Understand Value and Reference Types in JavaScript — Zsolt Nagy](https://www.zsoltnagy.eu/understand-value-and-reference-types-in-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Primitive Types & Reference Types in JavaScript — Bran van der Meer](https://gist.github.com/branneman/7fb06d8a74d7e6d4cbcf75c50fec599c)
 * 📜 [Value Types, Reference Types and Scope in JavaScript — Ben Aston](https://medium.com/@benastontweet/lesson-1b-javascript-fundamentals-380f601ba851)
 * 📜 [Back to roots: JavaScript Value vs Reference — Miro Koczka](https://medium.com/dailyjs/back-to-roots-javascript-value-vs-reference-8fb69d587a18)
 * 📜 [Grasp "By Value" and "By Reference" in JavaScript — Léna Faure](https://hackernoon.com/grasp-by-value-and-by-reference-in-javascript-7ed75efa1293)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Reference and Copy Variables — Vítor Capretz](https://hackernoon.com/javascript-reference-and-copy-variables-b0103074fdf0)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Primitive vs Reference Values](http://www.javascripttutorial.net/javascript-primitive-vs-reference-values/)
 * 📜 [JavaScript by Reference vs. by Value — nrabinowitz](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6605640/javascript-by-reference-vs-by-value)
### 영상

* 🎥 [Javascript Pass by Value vs Pass by Reference — techsith](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E-dAnFdq8k8)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Value vs Reference Types — Programming with Mosh](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fD0t_DKREbE)

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---

## 4. 명시적 변환, 암시적 변환, Nominal, 구조화, 덕 타이핑

### 글

* 📜 [What you need to know about Javascript's Implicit Coercion — Promise Tochi](https://dev.to/promhize/what-you-need-to-know-about-javascripts-implicit-coercion-e23)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Type Coercion Explained — Alexey Samoshkin](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/js-type-coercion-explained-27ba3d9a2839)
 * 📜 [Javascript Coercion Explained — Ben Garrison](https://hackernoon.com/javascript-coercion-explained-545c895213d3)
 * 📜 [What exactly is Type Coercion in Javascript? - Stack Overflow](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19915688/what-exactly-is-type-coercion-in-javascript)
 * 📜 [You Don't Know JS: Types & Grammar [Book] — Kyle Simpson](https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/you-dont-know/9781491905159/ch04.html)
 * 📜 [Type Coercion in JavaScript, and why everyone gets it wrong.](https://thedevs.network/blog/type-coercion-in-javascript-and-why-everyone-gets-it-wrong)

### 영상

* 🎥 [== ? === ??? ...#@^% - Shirmung Bielefeld](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qGyqzN0bjhc&t)
 * 🎥 [Coercion in Javascript - Hitesh Choudhary](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b04Q_vyqEG8)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Questions: What is Coercion? - Steven Hancock](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z4-8wMSPJyI)

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---

## 5. == vs === vs typeof

### 글

* 📜 [JavaScript Double Equals vs. Triple Equals — Brandon Morelli](https://codeburst.io/javascript-double-equals-vs-triple-equals-61d4ce5a121a)
 * 📜 [What is the difference between =, ==, and === in JS? — Codecademy](https://www.codecademy.com/en/forum_questions/558ea4f5e39efed371000508)
 * 📜 [Should I use === or == equality comparison operator in JavaScript? — Panu Pitkamaki](https://bytearcher.com/articles/equality-comparison-operator-javascript/)
 * 📜 [== vs === JavaScript: Double Equals and Coercion — AJ Meyghani](https://www.codementor.io/javascript/tutorial/double-equals-and-coercion-in-javascript)
 * 📜 [Why Use the Triple-Equals Operator in JavaScript? — Louis Lazaris](https://www.impressivewebs.com/why-use-triple-equals-javascipt/)
 * 📜 [What is the difference between == and === in JavaScript? — Craig Buckler](https://www.oreilly.com/learning/what-is-the-difference-between-and-in-javascript)
 * 📜 [Why javascript's typeof always return "object"? — Stack Overflow](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3787901/why-javascripts-typeof-always-return-object)
 * 📜 [Checking Types in Javascript — Toby Ho](http://tobyho.com/2011/01/28/checking-types-in-javascript/)
 * 📜 [How to better check data types in JavaScript — Webbjocke](https://webbjocke.com/javascript-check-data-types/)
 * 📜 [Checking for the Absence of a Value in JavaScript — Tomer Aberbach](https://tomeraberba.ch/html/post/checking-for-the-absence-of-a-value-in-javascript.html)

### 영상

* 🎥 [JavaScript - The typeof operator — Java Brains](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ol_su88I3kw)
 * 🎥 [Javascript typeof operator — DevDelight](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qPYhTPt_SbQ)

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---

## 6. 함수 범위, 블록 범위, 렉시컬(lexical) 범위

### 글

* 📜 [You Don't Know JS: Scope & Closures [Book] — Kyle Simpson](https://github.com/getify/You-Dont-Know-JS/blob/master/scope%20%26%20closures/ch3.md)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Functions — Understanding The Basics — Brandon Morelli](https://codeburst.io/javascript-functions-understanding-the-basics-207dbf42ed99)
 * 📜 [The battle between Function Scope and Block Scope — Marius Herring](http://www.deadcoderising.com/2017-04-11-es6-var-let-and-const-the-battle-between-function-scope-and-block-scope/)
 * 📜 [Emulating Block Scope in JavaScript — Josh Clanton](http://adripofjavascript.com/blog/drips/emulating-block-scope-in-javascript.html)
 * 📜 [The Difference Between Function and Block Scope in JavaScript — Joseph Cardillo](https://medium.com/@josephcardillo/the-difference-between-function-and-block-scope-in-javascript-4296b2322abe)
 * 📜 [Function Scopes and Block Scopes in JavaScript — Samer Buna](https://edgecoders.com/function-scopes-and-block-scopes-in-javascript-25bbd7f293d7)
 * 📜 [Understanding Scope and Context in JavaScript | Ryan Morr](http://ryanmorr.com/understanding-scope-and-context-in-javascript/)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Scope and Closures — Zell Liew](https://css-tricks.com/javascript-scope-closures/)
 * 📜 [Understanding Scope in JavaScript — Wissam Abirached](https://developer.telerik.com/topics/web-development/understanding-scope-in-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Speaking JavaScript - Variables: Scopes, Environments, and Closures — Dr. Axel Rauschmayer](http://speakingjs.com/es5/ch16.html)
 * 📜 [Understanding Scope in JavaScript — Hammad Ahmed](https://scotch.io/tutorials/understanding-scope-in-javascript)

### 영상

* 🎥 [What Makes Javascript Weird ... and Awesome pt. 4 — LearnCode.academy](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SBwoFkRjZvE)
 * 🎥 [Variable Scope in JavaScript — Kirupa Chinnathambi](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dhp57T3p760)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Block Scope and Function Scope — mmtuts](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aK_nuUAdr8E)
 * 🎥 [What the Heck is Lexical Scope? — NWCalvank](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GhNA0r10MmA)

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---

## 7. 식(expression) vs 문(statement)

### 글

* 📜 [All you need to know about Javascript's Expressions, Statements and Expression Statements — Promise Tochi](https://dev.to/promhize/javascript-in-depth-all-you-need-to-know-about-expressions-statements-and-expression-statements-5k2)
 * 📜 [Function Expressions vs Function Declarations — Paul Wilkins](https://www.sitepoint.com/function-expressions-vs-declarations/)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Function — Declaration vs Expression — Ravi Roshan](https://medium.com/@raviroshan.talk/javascript-function-declaration-vs-expression-f5873b8c7b38)
 * 📜 [Function Declarations vs. Function Expressions — Mandeep Singh](https://medium.com/@mandeep1012/function-declarations-vs-function-expressions-b43646042052)
 * 📜 [Function Declarations vs. Function Expressions — Anguls Croll](https://javascriptweblog.wordpress.com/2010/07/06/function-declarations-vs-function-expressions/)

### 영상

* 🎥 [Expressions vs. Statements in JavaScript — Hexlet](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WVyCrI1cHi8)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript - Expression vs. Statement — WebTunings](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3jDpNGJkupA)
 * 🎥 [Function Statements and Function Expressions — Codeacademy](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oB5rH_9bqAI)

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---

## 8. IIFE, Modules, Namespaces

### 글

* 📜 [Mastering Immediately-Invoked Function Expressions — Chandra Gundamaraju](https://medium.com/@vvkchandra/essential-javascript-mastering-immediately-invoked-function-expressions-67791338ddc6)
 * 📜 [Do ES6 Modules make the case of IIFEs obsolete?](https://hashnode.com/post/do-es6-modules-make-the-case-of-iifes-obsolete-civ96wet80scqgc538un20es0)
 * 📜 [A 10 minute primer to JavaScript modules, module formats, module loaders and module bundlers — Jurgen Van de Moere](https://www.jvandemo.com/a-10-minute-primer-to-javascript-modules-module-formats-module-loaders-and-module-bundlers/)
 * 📜 [Modules — Exploring JS](http://exploringjs.com/es6/ch_modules.html)
 * 📜 [ES modules: A cartoon deep-dive — Lin Clark](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2018/03/es-modules-a-cartoon-deep-dive/)
 * 📜 [Understanding ES6 Modules — Craig Buckler](https://www.sitepoint.com/understanding-es6-modules/)
 * 📜 [An overview of ES6 Modules in JavaScript — Brent Graham](https://blog.cloud66.com/an-overview-of-es6-modules-in-javascript/)
 * 📜 [ES6 Modules in Depth — Nicolás Bevacqua](https://ponyfoo.com/articles/es6-modules-in-depth)
 * 📜 [ES6 modules, Node.js and the Michael Jackson Solution — Alberto Gimeno](https://medium.com/dailyjs/es6-modules-node-js-and-the-michael-jackson-solution-828dc244b8b)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Modules: A Beginner’s Guide — Preethi Kasireddy](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/javascript-modules-a-beginner-s-guide-783f7d7a5fcc)
 * 📜 [Using JavaScript modules on the web](https://developers.google.com/web/fundamentals/primers/modules)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Modules: From IIFEs to CommonJS to ES6 Modules — Tyler McGinnis](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/javascript-modules-from-iifes-to-commonjs-to-es6-modules-4d10c16f55d4)

### 영상

* 🎥 [Immediately Invoked Function Expression - Beau teaches JavaScript — freeCodeCamp](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3cbiZV4H22c)
 * 🎥 [Understanding JavaScript IIFE](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I5EntfMeIIQ)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Modules: ES6 Import and Export — Kyle Robinson](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_3oSWwapPKQ)
 * 🎥 [ES6 - Modules — Ryan Christiani](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aQr2bV1BPyE)
 * 🎥 [ES6 Modules in the Real World — Sam Thorogood](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fIP4pjAqCtQ)
 * 🎥 [ES6 Modules — TempleCoding](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5P04OK6KlXA)

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---

## 9. 메시지 큐와 이벤트 루프

### 글

* 📜 [JavaScript Event Loop Explained — Anoop Raveendran](https://medium.com/front-end-hacking/javascript-event-loop-explained-4cd26af121d4)
 * 📜 [The JavaScript Event Loop: Explained — Erin Sweson-Healey](https://blog.carbonfive.com/2013/10/27/the-javascript-event-loop-explained/)
 * 📜 [What is the Event Loop in Javascript — WP Tutor.io](https://www.wptutor.io/web/js/javascript-event-loop)
 * 📜 [Understanding JS: The Event Loop — Alexander Kondov](https://hackernoon.com/understanding-js-the-event-loop-959beae3ac40)
 * 📜 [Understanding the JavaScript Event Loop — Ashish Gupta](https://www.zeolearn.com/magazine/understanding-the-javascript-event-loop)
 * 📜 [Event Loop in Javascript — Manjula Dube](https://code.likeagirl.io/what-the-heck-is-event-loop-1e414fccef49)
 * 📜 [The JavaScript Event Loop — Flavio Copes](https://flaviocopes.com/javascript-event-loop/)
 * 📜 [How JavaScript works: Event loop — Alexander Zlatkov](https://blog.sessionstack.com/how-javascript-works-event-loop-and-the-rise-of-async-programming-5-ways-to-better-coding-with-2f077c4438b5)
 * 📜 [Tasks, microtasks, queues and schedules — Jake Archibald](https://jakearchibald.com/2015/tasks-microtasks-queues-and-schedules/)
 * 📜 [Visualising the JavaScript Event Loop with a Pizza Restaurant analogy — Priyansh Jain](https://dev.to/presto412/visualising-the-javascript-event-loop-with-a-pizza-restaurant-analogy-47a8)

### 영상

* 🎥 [What the heck is the event loop anyway? | JSConf EU — Philip Roberts](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8aGhZQkoFbQ)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Event Loop — ComScience Simplified](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XzXIMZMN9k4)
 * 🎥 [I'm stuck in an Event Loop — Philip Roberts](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6MXRNXXgP_0)
 * 🎥 [In The Loop - Jake Archibald | JSConf.Asia 2018](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cCOL7MC4Pl0)
 * 🎥 [Desmitificando el Event Loop (Spanish)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eqq2Rb7LzYE)

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---

## 10. setTimeout, setInterval, requestAnimationFrame

### 글

* 📜 [setTimeout and setInterval — JavaScript.Info](https://javascript.info/settimeout-setinterval)
 * 📜 [Why not to use setInterval — Akanksha Sharma](https://dev.to/akanksha_9560/why-not-to-use-setinterval--2na9)
 * 📜 [setTimeout VS setInterval — Develoger](https://develoger.com/settimeout-vs-setinterval-cff85142555b)
 * 📜 [Using requestAnimationFrame — Chris Coyier](https://css-tricks.com/using-requestanimationframe/)
 * 📜 [Understanding JavaScript's requestAnimationFrame() — JavaScript Kit](http://www.javascriptkit.com/javatutors/requestanimationframe.shtml)
 * 📜 [Handling time intervals in JavaScript - Amit Merchant](https://www.amitmerchant.com/Handling-Time-Intervals-In-Javascript/)

### 영상

* 🎥 [Javascript: How setTimeout and setInterval works — Coding Blocks India](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6bPKyl8WYWI)
 * 🎥 [setTimeout and setInterval in JavaScript — techsith](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TbCgGWe8LN8)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Timers — Steve Griffith](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0VVJSvlUgtg)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript setTimeout, setInterval & clearInterval — DoingITeasyChannel](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BVALvvy5bZY)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript setTimeOut and setInterval Explained — Theodore Anderson](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mVKfrWCOB60)

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---

## 11. 자바스크립트 엔진

### 글

* 📜 [JavaScript Engines — Jen Looper](http://www.softwaremag.com/javascript-engines/)
 * 📜 [Understanding How the Chrome V8 Engine Translates JavaScript into Machine Code — DroidHead](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/understanding-the-core-of-nodejs-the-powerful-chrome-v8-engine-79e7eb8af964)
 * 📜 [Understanding V8's Bytecode — Franziska Hinkelmann](https://medium.com/dailyjs/understanding-v8s-bytecode-317d46c94775)
 * 📜 [How the V8 engine works? — Thibault Laurens](http://thibaultlaurens.github.io/javascript/2013/04/29/how-the-v8-engine-works/)
 * 📜 [A Brief History of Google's V8 Javascript Engine — Clair Smith](https://www.mediacurrent.com/blog/brief-history-googles-v8-javascript-engine/)
 * 📜 [JavaScript essentials: why you should know how the engine works - Rainer Hahnekamp](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/javascript-essentials-why-you-should-know-how-the-engine-works-c2cc0d321553)
 * 📜 [JavaScript engine fundamentals: Shapes and Inline Caches](https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/shapes-ics)
 * 📜 [JavaScript engine fundamentals: optimizing prototypes](https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/prototypes)
 * 📜 [How V8 optimizes array operations](https://v8.dev/blog/elements-kinds)

### 영상

* 🎥 [JavaScript Engines: The Good Parts™ — Mathias Bynens & Benedikt Meurer](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5nmpokoRaZI)

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---

## 12. 비트 연산자, 형식화 배열, 버퍼(배열)

### 글

* 📜 [Programming with JS: Bitwise Operations — Alexander Kondov](https://hackernoon.com/programming-with-js-bitwise-operations-393eb0745dc4)
 * 📜 [Using JavaScript's Bitwise Operators in Real Life — ian m](https://codeburst.io/using-javascript-bitwise-operators-in-real-life-f551a731ff5)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Bitwise Operators — w3resource](https://www.w3resource.com/javascript/operators/bitwise-operator.php)
 * 📜 [Bitwise Operators in Javascript — Joe Cha](https://medium.com/bother7-blog/bitwise-operators-in-javascript-65c4c69be0d3)
 * 📜 [A Comprehensive Primer on Binary Computation and Bitwise Operators in Javascript — Paul Brown](https://medium.com/techtrument/a-comprehensive-primer-on-binary-computation-and-bitwise-operators-in-javascript-81acf8341f04)

### 영상

* 🎥 [JavaScript Bitwise Operators — Programming with Mosh](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mesu75PTDC8)

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---

## 13. DOM과 Layout Trees

### 글

* 📜 [How To Understand and Modify the DOM in JavaScript — Tania Rascia](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/introduction-to-the-dom)
 * 📜 [What’s the Document Object Model, and why you should know how to use it — Leonardo Maldonado](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/whats-the-document-object-model-and-why-you-should-know-how-to-use-it-1a2d0bc5429d)
 * 📜 [JavaScript DOM Tutorial with Example — Guru99](https://www.guru99.com/how-to-use-dom-and-events-in-javascript.html)
 * 📜 [What is the DOM? — Chris Coyier](https://css-tricks.com/dom/)
 * 📜 [Traversing the DOM with JavaScript — Zell Liew](https://zellwk.com/blog/dom-traversals/)
 * 📜 [Eloquent JavaScript [Book] — The Document Object Model](https://eloquentjavascript.net/14_dom.html)
 * 📜 [DOM Tree](https://javascript.info/dom-nodes)
 * 📜 [How to traverse the DOM in Javascript — Vojislav Grujić](https://medium.com/javascript-in-plain-english/how-to-traverse-the-dom-in-javascript-d6555c335b4e)
 * 📜 [Render Tree Construction — Ilya Grigorik](https://developers.google.com/web/fundamentals/performance/critical-rendering-path/render-tree-construction)

### 영상

* 🎥 [JavaScript DOM — The Net Ninja](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FIORjGvT0kk)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript DOM Crash Course — Traversy Media](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0ik6X4DJKCc)

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---

## 14. 팩토리와 클래스

### 글

* 📜 [How To Use Classes in JavaScript — Tania Rascia](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/understanding-classes-in-javascript)
 * 📜 [Javascript Classes — Under The Hood — Majid](https://medium.com/tech-tajawal/javascript-classes-under-the-hood-6b26d2667677)
 * 📜 [ES6 Classes — Nathaniel Foster](https://www.javascriptjanuary.com/blog/es6-classes)
 * 📜 [Better JavaScript with ES6, Pt. II: A Deep Dive into Classes — Peleke Sengstacke](https://scotch.io/tutorials/better-javascript-with-es6-pt-ii-a-deep-dive-into-classes)
 * 📜 [Understand the Factory Design Pattern in Plain JavaScript — Aditya Agarwal](https://medium.com/front-end-hacking/understand-the-factory-design-pattern-in-plain-javascript-20b348c832bd)
 * 📜 [Factory Functions in JavaScript — Josh Miller](https://atendesigngroup.com/blog/factory-functions-javascript)
 * 📜 [The Factory Pattern in JS ES6 — SnstsDev](https://medium.com/@SntsDev/the-factory-pattern-in-js-es6-78f0afad17e9)
 * 📜 [Class vs Factory function: exploring the way forward — Cristi Salcescu](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/class-vs-factory-function-exploring-the-way-forward-73258b6a8d15)
 * 📜 [How ES6 classes really work and how to build your own — Robert Grosse](https://medium.com/@robertgrosse/how-es6-classes-really-work-and-how-to-build-your-own-fd6085eb326a)

### 영상

* 🎥 [JavaScript Factory Functions — Programming with Mosh](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jpegXpQpb3o)
 * 🎥 [Factory Functions in JavaScript — Fun Fun Function](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ImwrezYhw4w)
 * 🎥 [Javascript Tutorial Function Factories — Crypto Chan](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7-IwpH80UE)

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---

## 15. this, call, apply, bind

### 글

* 📜 [How-to: call() , apply() and bind() in JavaScript — Niladri Sekhar Dutta](https://www.codementor.io/niladrisekhardutta/how-to-call-apply-and-bind-in-javascript-8i1jca6jp)
 * 📜 [JavaScript's Apply, Call, and Bind Methods are Essential for JavaScript Professionals — Richard Bovell](http://javascriptissexy.com/javascript-apply-call-and-bind-methods-are-essential-for-javascript-professionals/)
 * 📜 [WTF is this - Understanding the this keyword, call, apply, and bind in JavaScript — Tyler McGinnis](https://tylermcginnis.com/this-keyword-call-apply-bind-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Javascript: call(), apply() and bind() — Omer Goldberg](https://medium.com/@omergoldberg/javascript-call-apply-and-bind-e5c27301f7bb)
 * 📜 [The difference between call / apply / bind — Ivan Sifrim](https://medium.com/@ivansifrim/the-differences-between-call-apply-bind-276724bb825b)
 * 📜 [Mastering 'this' in JavaScript: Callbacks and bind(), apply(), call() — Michelle Gienow](https://thenewstack.io/mastering-javascript-callbacks-bind-apply-call/)
 * 📜 [JavaScript's apply, call, and bind explained by hosting a cookout — Kevin Kononenko](https://dev.to/kbk0125/javascripts-apply-call-and-bind-explained-by-hosting-a-cookout-32jo)
 * 📜 [How AND When to use bind, call, and apply in Javascript — Eigen X](https://www.eigenx.com/blog/https/mediumcom/eigen-x/how-and-when-to-use-bind-call-and-apply-in-javascript-77b6f42898fb)
 * 📜 [JavaScript .bind() vs .apply() and .call() — Hack Sparrow](https://www.hacksparrow.com/javascript-bind-vs-apply-and-call.html)
 * 📜 [call() — MDN](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function/call)
 * 📜 [bind() — MDN](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_objects/Function/bind)
 * 📜 [apply() — MDN](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function/apply)
 * 📜 [What is 'this' in JavaScript? — Daniel Li](http://blog.brew.com.hk/what-is-this-in-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Let me explain to you what is `this`. (Javascript) — Jason Yu](https://dev.to/ycmjason/let-me-explain-to-you-what-is-this-javascript-44ja)
 * 📜 [Understanding the “this” Keyword in JavaScript — Pavan](https://medium.com/quick-code/understanding-the-this-keyword-in-javascript-cb76d4c7c5e8)
 * 📜 [How to understand the keyword this and context in JavaScript — Lukas Gisder-Dubé](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/how-to-understand-the-keyword-this-and-context-in-javascript-cd624c6b74b8)

### 영상

* 🎥 [JavaScript call, apply and bind — techsith](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c0mLRpw-9rI)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Practical Applications of Call, Apply and Bind functions — techsith](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AYVYxezrMWA)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript (call, bind, apply) — curious aatma](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uy0NOXLBraE)
 * 🎥 [Understanding Functions and 'this' In The World of ES2017 — Bryan Hughes](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AOSYY1_np_4)
 * 🎥 [bind and this - Object Creation in JavaScript - FunFunFunction](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GhbhD1HR5vk)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Practical Applications of Call, Apply and Bind functions — techsith](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AYVYxezrMWA)
 * 🎥 [JS Function Methods call(), apply(), and bind() — Steve Griffith](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uBdH0iB1VDM)

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---

## 16. new, 생성자, instanceof, 인스턴스

### 글

* 📜 [JavaScript For Beginners: the 'new' operator — Brandon Morelli](https://codeburst.io/javascript-for-beginners-the-new-operator-cee35beb669e)
 * 📜 [Let's demystify JavaScript's 'new' keyword — Cynthia Lee](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/demystifying-javascripts-new-keyword-874df126184c)
 * 📜 [Constructor, operator "new" — JavaScript.Info](https://javascript.info/constructor-new)
 * 📜 [Understanding JavaScript Constructors — Faraz Kelhini](https://css-tricks.com/understanding-javascript-constructors/)
 * 📜 [Use Constructor Functions — Openclassrooms](https://openclassrooms.com/en/courses/3523231-learn-to-code-with-javascript/4379006-use-constructor-functions)
 * 📜 [Beyond `typeof` and `instanceof`: simplifying dynamic type checks — Dr. Axel Rauschmayer](http://2ality.com/2017/08/type-right.html)
 * 📜 [What Is the Instanceof Operator in JavaScript — appendTo](https://appendto.com/2016/10/what-is-the-instanceof-operator-in-javascript/)
 * 📜 [JavaScript instanceof vs typeof — Gary Rafferty](http://garyrafferty.com/2012/12/07/JavaScript-instanceof-vs-typeof.html)
 * 📜 [Function and Object, instances of each other — Kiro Risk](https://javascriptrefined.io/function-and-object-instances-of-each-other-1e1095d5faac)

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---

## 17. 프로토타입의 상속과 체인

### 글

* 📜 [Javascript : Prototype vs Class — Valentin PARSY](https://medium.com/@parsyval/javascript-prototype-vs-class-a7015d5473b)
 * 📜 [JavaScript engine fundamentals: optimizing prototypes — Mathias Bynens](https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/prototypes)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Prototype — NC Patro](https://codeburst.io/javascript-prototype-cb29d82b8809)
 * 📜 [Prototype in Javascript — Sandeep Ranjan](https://www.codementor.io/sandeepranjan2007/prototype-in-javascipt-knbve0lqo)
 * 📜 [Prototypes in JavaScript — Rupesh Mishra](https://hackernoon.com/prototypes-in-javascript-5bba2990e04b)
 * 📜 [Prototype in JavaScript: it's quirky, but here's how it works — Pranav Jindal](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/prototype-in-js-busted-5547ec68872)
 * 📜 [Inheritance and the prototype chain — MDN](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Inheritance_and_the_prototype_chain)
 * 📜 [Master the JavaScript Interview: What's the Difference Between Class & Prototypal Inheritance? — Eric Elliott](https://medium.com/javascript-scene/master-the-javascript-interview-what-s-the-difference-between-class-prototypal-inheritance-e4cd0a7562e9)
 * 📜 [Understanding JavaScript: Prototype and Inheritance — Alexander Kondov](https://hackernoon.com/understanding-javascript-prototype-and-inheritance-d55a9a23bde2)
 * 📜 [Prototypal Inheritance — JavaScript.Info](https://javascript.info/prototype-inheritance)
 * 📜 [How To Work with Prototypes and Inheritance in JavaScript — Tania Rascia](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/understanding-prototypes-and-inheritance-in-javascript)
 * 📜 [Master JavaScript Prototypes & Inheritance — Arnav Aggarwal](https://codeburst.io/master-javascript-prototypes-inheritance-d0a9a5a75c4e)
 * 📜 [You Don't Know JS [Book] Chapter 5: Prototypes — Kyle Simpson](https://github.com/getify/You-Dont-Know-JS/blob/master/this%20%26%20object%20prototypes/ch5.md)
 * 📜 [JavaScript's Prototypal Inheritance Explained Using CSS — Nash Vail](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/understanding-prototypal-inheritance-in-javascript-with-css-93b2fcda75e4)
 * 📜 [Prototypal Inheritance in JavaScript — Jannis Redmann](https://gist.github.com/derhuerst/a585c4916b1c361cc6f0)
 * 📜 [Classical and Prototypical Inheritance in JavaScript — Danny Cornelisse](http://www.competa.com/blog/classical-prototypical-inheritance-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Demystifying ES6 Classes And Prototypal Inheritance — Neo Ighodaro](https://scotch.io/tutorials/demystifying-es6-classes-and-prototypal-inheritance)
 * 📜 [Intro To Prototypal Inheritance — Dharani Jayakanthan](https://dev.to/danny/intro-to-prototypal-inheritance---js-9di)
 * 📜 [Classes in JavaScript - Explained — Daniel Li](http://blog.brew.com.hk/classes-in-javascript-explained/)
 * 📜 [You Don't Know JS: this & Object Prototypes — Kyle Simpson](https://github.com/getify/You-Dont-Know-JS/blob/master/this%20%26%20object%20prototypes/ch4.md)

### 영상

* 🎥 [Javascript Prototype Inheritance — Avelx](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sOrtAjyk4lQ)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Prototype Inheritance Explained pt. I — techsith](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7oNWNlMrkpc)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Prototype Inheritance Explained pt. II — techsith](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uIlj6_z_wL8)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Prototype Inheritance Explained — Kyle Robinson](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qMO-LTOrJaE)
 * 🎥 [Advanced Javascript - Prototypal Inheritance In 1 Minute](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G6l5CHl67HQ)
 * 🎥 [An Overview Of Classical Javascript Classes and Prototypal Inheritance — Pentacode](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=phwzuiJJPpQ)
 * 🎥 [Object Oriented JavaScript - Prototype — The Net Ninja](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4jb4AYEyhRc)
 * 🎥 [Prototype in JavaScript — kudvenkat](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2rkEbcptR64)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Using Prototypes — O'Reilly](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oCwCcNvaXAQ)
 * 🎥 [A Beginner's Guide to Javascript's Prototype — Tyler Mcginnis](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XskMWBXNbp0)
 * 🎥 [Prototypes in Javascript - p5.js Tutorial — The Coding Train](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hS_WqkyUah8)

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---

## 18. Object.create와 Object.assign

### 글

* 📜 [Object.create() — MDN](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/create)
 * 📜 [Object.create in JavaScript — Rupesh Mishra](https://hackernoon.com/object-create-in-javascript-fa8674df6ed2)
 * 📜 [Object.create(): the New Way to Create Objects in JavaScript — Rob Gravelle](https://www.htmlgoodies.com/beyond/javascript/object.create-the-new-way-to-create-objects-in-javascript.html)
 * 📜 [Basic Inheritance with Object.create — Joshua Clanton](http://adripofjavascript.com/blog/drips/basic-inheritance-with-object-create.html)
 * 📜 [Object.create() In JavaScript — GeeksforGeeks](https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/object-create-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Understanding the difference between Object.create() and the new operator — Jonathan Voxland](https://medium.com/@jonathanvox01/understanding-the-difference-between-object-create-and-the-new-operator-b2a2f4749358)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Object Creation: Patterns and Best Practices — Jeff Mott](https://www.sitepoint.com/javascript-object-creation-patterns-best-practises/)
 * 📜 [Dealing With Objects in JavaScript With Object.assign, Object.keys and hasOwnProperty](https://alligator.io/js/dealing-with-objects/)
 * 📜 [Copying Objects in JavaScript — Orinami Olatunji](https://scotch.io/bar-talk/copying-objects-in-javascript)
 * 📜 [Object.assign() — MDN](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/assign)
 * 📜 [JavaScript: Object.assign() — Thiago S. Adriano](https://codeburst.io/javascript-object-assign-bc9696dcbb6e)
 * 📜 [How to deep clone a JavaScript Object — Flavio Copes](https://flaviocopes.com/how-to-clone-javascript-object/)

### 영상

* 🎥 [Object.assign() explained — Aaron Writes Code](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aw7NfYhR5rc)
 * 🎥 [Object.assign() Method — techsith](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Ky4X6inpi4)

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---

## 19. map, reduce, filter

### 글

* 📜 [JavaScript Functional Programming — map, filter and reduce — Bojan Gvozderac](https://medium.com/jsguru/javascript-functional-programming-map-filter-and-reduce-846ff9ba492d)
 * 📜 [Learn map, filter and reduce in Javascript — Jo찾o Miguel Cunha](https://medium.com/@joomiguelcunha/learn-map-filter-and-reduce-in-javascript-ea59009593c4)
 * 📜 [JavaScript's Map, Reduce, and Filter — Dan Martensen](https://danmartensen.svbtle.com/javascripts-map-reduce-and-filter)
 * 📜 [How to Use Map, Filter, & Reduce in JavaScript — Peleke Sengstacke](https://code.tutsplus.com/tutorials/how-to-use-map-filter-reduce-in-javascript--cms-26209)
 * 📜 [JavaScript — Learn to Chain Map, Filter, and Reduce — Brandon Morelli](https://codeburst.io/javascript-learn-to-chain-map-filter-and-reduce-acd2d0562cd4)
 * 📜 [Javascript data structure with map, reduce, filter and ES6 — Deepak Gupta](https://codeburst.io/write-beautiful-javascript-with-%CE%BB-fp-es6-350cd64ab5bf)
 * 📜 [Understanding map, filter and reduce in Javascript — Luuk Gruijs](https://hackernoon.com/understanding-map-filter-and-reduce-in-javascript-5df1c7eee464)
 * 📜 [Functional Programming in JS: map, filter, reduce (Pt. 5) — Omer Goldberg](https://hackernoon.com/functional-programming-in-js-map-filter-reduce-pt-5-308a205fdd5f)
 * 📜 [JavaScript: Map, Filter, Reduce — William S. Vincent](https://wsvincent.com/functional-javascript-map-filter-reduce/)
 * 📜 [Arrow Functions: Fat and Concise Syntax in JavaScript — Kyle Pennell](https://www.sitepoint.com/es6-arrow-functions-new-fat-concise-syntax-javascript/)
 * 📜 [JavaScript: Arrow Functions for Beginners — Brandon Morelli](https://codeburst.io/javascript-arrow-functions-for-beginners-926947fc0cdc)
 * 📜 [When (and why) you should use ES6 arrow functions — and when you shouldn't — Cynthia Lee](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/when-and-why-you-should-use-es6-arrow-functions-and-when-you-shouldnt-3d851d7f0b26)
 * 📜 [JavaScript — Learn & Understand Arrow Functions — Brandon Morelli](https://codeburst.io/javascript-learn-understand-arrow-functions-fe2083533946)
 * 📜 [(JavaScript )=> Arrow functions — sigu](https://medium.com/podiihq/javascript-arrow-functions-27d4c3334b83)
 * 📜 [Javascript.reduce() — Paul Anderson](https://medium.com/@panderson.dev/javascript-reduce-79aab078da23)
 * 📜 [Why you should replace forEach with map and filter in JavaScript — Roope Hakulinen](https://gofore.com/en/why-you-should-replace-foreach/)
 * 📜 [Simplify your JavaScript – Use .map(), .reduce(), and .filter() — Etienne Talbot](https://medium.com/poka-techblog/simplify-your-javascript-use-map-reduce-and-filter-bd02c593cc2d)
 * 📜 [JavaScript’s Reduce Method Explained By Going On a Diet — Kevin Kononenko](https://blog.codeanalogies.com/2018/07/24/javascripts-reduce-method-explained-by-going-on-a-diet/)
 * 📜 [Difference between map, filter and reduce in JavaScript — Amirata Khodaparast](https://medium.com/@amiratak88/difference-between-map-filter-and-reduce-in-javascript-822ff79d5160)
 * 📜 [Map⇄Filter⇄Reduce↻ — ashay mandwarya](https://hackernoon.com/map-filter-reduce-ebbed4be4201)
 * 📜 [Finding Your Way With .map() — Brandon Wozniewicz](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/finding-your-way-with-map-aecb8ca038f6)
 * 📜 [How to write your own map, filter and reduce functions in JavaScript — Hemand Nair](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/how-to-write-your-own-map-filter-and-reduce-functions-in-javascript-ab1e35679d26)

### 영상

* 🎥 [Map, Filter and Reduce — Lydia Hallie](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UXiYii0Y7Nw)
 * 🎥 [Functional JavaScript: Map, forEach, Reduce, Filter — Theodore Anderson](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vytzLlY_wmU)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Array superpowers: Map, Filter, Reduce (part I) — Michael Rosata](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qTeeVd8hOFY)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Array superpowers: Map, Filter, Reduce (part 2) — Michael Rosata](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gIm9xLYudL0)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Higher Order Functions - Filter, Map, Sort & Reduce — Epicop](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zYBeEPxNSbw)
 * 🎥 [[Array Methods 2/3] .filter + .map + .reduce — CodeWithNick](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4qWlqD0yYTU)
 * 🎥 [Arrow functions in JavaScript - What, Why and How — Fun Fun Function](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6sQDTgOqh-I)
 * 🎥 [Learning Functional Programming with JavaScript — Anjana Vakil - JSUnconf](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e-5obm1G_FY&t=1521s)
 * 🎥 [Map - Parte 2 JavaScript - Fun Fun Function](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bCqtb-Z5YGQ&t=17s)
 * 🎥 [Reduce basics - Part 3 of FP in JavaScript - Fun Fun Function](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wl98eZpkp-c)
 * 🎥 [Reduce Advanced - Part 4 of FP in JavaScript - Fun Fun Function](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1DMolJ2FrNY&t=621s)

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---

## 20. 순수함수, 부수효과, 상태변이

### 글

* 📜 [Javascript and Functional Programming — Pure Functions — Omer Goldberg](https://hackernoon.com/javascript-and-functional-programming-pt-3-pure-functions-d572bb52e21c)
 * 📜 [Master the JavaScript Interview: What is a Pure Function? — Eric Elliott](https://medium.com/javascript-scene/master-the-javascript-interview-what-is-a-pure-function-d1c076bec976)
 * 📜 [JavaScript: What Are Pure Functions And Why Use Them? — James Jeffery](https://medium.com/@jamesjefferyuk/javascript-what-are-pure-functions-4d4d5392d49c)
 * 📜 [Pure functions in JavaScript — @nicoespeon](http://www.nicoespeon.com/en/2015/01/pure-functions-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Functional Programming: Pure Functions — Arne Brasseur](https://www.sitepoint.com/functional-programming-pure-functions/)
 * 📜 [Pure Functions In Javascript — Krunal](https://appdividend.com/2017/04/10/pure-functions-in-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Making your JavaScript Pure — Jack Franklin](https://alistapart.com/article/making-your-javascript-pure)
 * 📜 [To mutate, or not to mutate, in JavaScript](https://slemgrim.com/mutate-or-not-to-mutate/)
 * 📜 [Arrays, Objects and Mutations — Federico Kn체ssel](https://medium.com/@fknussel/arrays-objects-and-mutations-6b23348b54aa)
 * 📜 [The State of Immutability — Maciej Sikora](https://medium.com/dailyjs/the-state-of-immutability-169d2cd11310)
 * 📜 [How to deal with dirty side effects in your pure functional JavaScript — James Sinclair](https://jrsinclair.com/articles/2018/how-to-deal-with-dirty-side-effects-in-your-pure-functional-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Preventing Side Effects in JavaScript — David Walsh](https://davidwalsh.name/preventing-sideeffects-javascript)
 * 📜 [Wielding Pure Functions in JavaScript and Function Composition — Peleke Sengstacke](https://scotch.io/tutorials/wielding-pure-functions-in-javascript-and-function-composition)
 * 📜 [JavaScript: Pure Functions — William S. Vincent](https://wsvincent.com/javascript-pure-functions/)
 * 📜 [Functional programming paradigms in modern JavaScript: Pure functions — Alexander Kondov](https://hackernoon.com/functional-programming-paradigms-in-modern-javascript-pure-functions-797d9abbee1)
 * 📜 [Understanding Javascript Mutation and Pure Functions — Chidume Nnamdi](https://blog.bitsrc.io/understanding-javascript-mutation-and-pure-functions-7231cc2180d3)

### 영상

* 🎥 [Pure Functions — Hexlet](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dZ41D6LDSBg)
 * 🎥 [Pure Functions - Functional Programming in JavaScript — Paul McBride](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jh_Uzqzz_wM)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Pure Functions — Seth Alexander](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=frT3H-eBmPc)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Pure vs Impure Functions Explained — Theodore Anderson](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AHbRVJzpB54)
 * 🎥 [Pure Functions - Programação Funcional: Parte 1 - Fun Fun Function](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BMUiFMZr7vk)

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---

## 21. 클로저(Closures)

### 글

* 📜 [Closures — MDN](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Closures)
 * 📜 [I never understood JavaScript closures — Olivier De Meulder](https://medium.com/dailyjs/i-never-understood-javascript-closures-9663703368e8)
 * 📜 [Closure — JavaScript.Info](https://javascript.info/closure)
 * 📜 [Understand JavaScript Closures With Ease — Richard Bovell](http://javascriptissexy.com/understand-javascript-closures-with-ease/)
 * 📜 [Understanding JavaScript Closures — Codesmith](https://codeburst.io/understanding-javascript-closures-da6aab330302)
 * 📜 [Understand Closures in JavaScript — Brandon Morelli](https://codeburst.io/understand-closures-in-javascript-d07852fa51e7)
 * 📜 [A simple guide to help you understand closures in JavaScript — Prashant Ram](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/javascript-closures-simplified-d0d23fa06ba4)
 * 📜 [Understanding JavaScript Closures: A Practical Approach — Paul Upendo](https://scotch.io/tutorials/understanding-javascript-closures-a-practical-approach)
 * 📜 [Understanding JavaScript: Closures — Alexander Kondov](https://hackernoon.com/understanding-javascript-closures-4188edf5ea1b)
 * 📜 [How to use JavaScript closures with confidence — L챕na Faure](https://hackernoon.com/how-to-use-javascript-closures-with-confidence-85cd1f841a6b)
 * 📜 [JavaScript closures by example — tyler](https://howchoo.com/g/mge2mji2mtq/javascript-closures-by-example)
 * 📜 [JavaScript — Closures and Scope — Alex Aitken](https://codeburst.io/javascript-closures-and-scope-3784c75b9290)
 * 📜 [Discover the power of closures in JavaScript — Cristi Salcescu](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/discover-the-power-of-closures-in-javascript-5c472a7765d7)
 * 📜 [Simplified JavaScript: Getting Started with Closures — Code Like A Girl](https://code.likeagirl.io/simplified-javascript-getting-started-with-closures-f40f65317d00)
 * 📜 [The Ultimate Guide to Hoisting, Scopes, and Closures in JavaScript — Tyler McGinnis](https://tylermcginnis.com/ultimate-guide-to-execution-contexts-hoisting-scopes-and-closures-in-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Getting Closure — RealLifeJS](http://reallifejs.com/the-meat/getting-closure/)
 * 📜 [Understanding Closures in JavaScript — Sukhjinder Arora](https://blog.bitsrc.io/a-beginners-guide-to-closures-in-javascript-97d372284dda)

### 영상

* 🎥 [Javascript Closure — techsith](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=71AtaJpJHw0)
 * 🎥 [Closures — Fun Fun Function](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CQqwU2Ixu-U)
 * 🎥 [Closures in JavaScript — techsith](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-xqJo5VRP4A)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Closures 101: What is a closure? — JavaScript Tutorials](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yiEeiMN2Khs)
 * 🎥 [Closures — freeCodeCamp](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1JsJx1x35c0)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Closures — CodeWorkr](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-rLrGAXK8WE)

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---

## 22. 고차함수

### 글

* 📜 [Higher-Order Functions — Eloquent JavaScript [Book]](https://eloquentjavascript.net/05_higher_order.html)
 * 📜 [Higher-Order Functions in JavaScript — M. David Green](https://www.sitepoint.com/higher-order-functions-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Higher Order Functions: Using Filter, Map and Reduce for More Maintainable Code — Guido Schmitz](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/higher-order-functions-in-javascript-d9101f9cf528)
 * 📜 [First-class and Higher Order Functions: Effective Functional JavaScript — Hugo Di Francesco](https://hackernoon.com/effective-functional-javascript-first-class-and-higher-order-functions-713fde8df50a)
 * 📜 [Higher Order Functions in JavaScript — John Hannah](https://www.lullabot.com/articles/higher-order-functions-in-javascript)
 * 📜 [Higher-order Functions — Richard Bovell](http://javascriptissexy.com/tag/higher-order-functions/)
 * 📜 [Higher Order Functions in JavaScript — Zsolt Nagy](http://www.zsoltnagy.eu/higher-order-functions-in-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Fun With Higher Order Functions In JavaScript — Derick](https://derickbailey.com/2015/10/21/fun-with-higher-order-functions-in-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Just a reminder on how to use high order functions — Pedro Filho](https://github.com/pedroapfilho/high-order-functions)
 * 📜 [Understanding Higher-Order Functions in JavaScript — Sukhjinder Arora](https://blog.bitsrc.io/understanding-higher-order-functions-in-javascript-75461803bad)
 
 ### 영상

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---

## 23. 재귀

### 글

* 📜 [Recursion in JavaScript — Kevin Ennis](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/recursion-in-javascript-1608032c7a1f)
 * 📜 [Understanding Recursion in JavaScript — Zak Frisch](https://medium.com/@zfrisch/understanding-recursion-in-javascript-992e96449e03)
 * 📜 [Learn and Understand Recursion in JavaScript — Brandon Morelli](https://codeburst.io/learn-and-understand-recursion-in-javascript-b588218e87ea)
 * 📜 [Recursion in Functional JavaScript — M. David Green](https://www.sitepoint.com/recursion-functional-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Programming with JS: Recursion — Alexander Kondov](https://hackernoon.com/programming-with-js-recursion-31371e2bf808)
 * 📜 [Anonymous Recursion in JavaScript — simo](https://dev.to/simov/anonymous-recursion-in-javascript)
 * 📜 [Recursion, iteration and tail calls in JS — loverajoel](http://www.jstips.co/en/javascript/recursion-iteration-and-tail-calls-in-js/)
 * 📜 [Understanding Recursion in JavaScript with Confidence — Jay](https://www.thecodingdelight.com/understanding-recursion-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Intro to Recursion — Brad Newman](https://medium.com/@newmanbradm/intro-to-recursion-984a8bd50f4b)
 * 📜 [Accio Recursion!: Your New Favorite JavaScript Spell — Leanne Cabey](https://medium.com/datadriveninvestor/accio-recursion-your-new-favorite-javascript-spell-7e10d3125fb3)

### 영상

* 🎥 [Recursion In JavaScript — techsith](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VtG0WAUvq2w)
 * 🎥 [Recursion — Fun Fun Function](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k7-N8R0-KY4)
 * 🎥 [Recursion and Recursive Functions — Hexlet](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vLhHyGTkjCs)
 * 🎥 [Recursion: Recursion() — JS Monthly — Lucas da Costa](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kGXVsd8pBLw)
 * 🎥 [Recursive Function in JavaScript — kudvenkat](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uyjsR9eNTIw)
 * 🎥 [What on Earth is Recursion? — Computerphile](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mv9NEXX1VHc)
 * 🎥 [Javascript Tutorial 34: Introduction To Recursion — codedamn](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9NO5dXSlbv8)
 * 🎥 [Recursion, Iteration, and JavaScript: A Love Story | JSHeroes 2018 — Anjana Vakil](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FmiQr4nfoPQ)

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---

## 24. 컬렉션과 생성기

### 글

* 📜 [ES6 In Depth: Collections — Jason Orendorff](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2015/06/es6-in-depth-collections/)
 * 📜 [ES6 Collections: Using Map, Set, WeakMap, WeakSet — Kyle Pennell](https://www.sitepoint.com/es6-collections-map-set-weakmap-weakset/)
 * 📜 [ES6 WeakMaps, Sets, and WeakSets in Depth — Nicol찼s Bevacqua](https://ponyfoo.com/articles/es6-weakmaps-sets-and-weaksets-in-depth)
 * 📜 [Introduction to Sets in JavaScript — Alligator.io](https://alligator.io/js/sets-introduction/)
 * 📜 [Introduction to Maps in JavaScript — Alligator.io](https://alligator.io/js/maps-introduction/)
 * 📜 [Map, Set, WeakMap and WeakSet — JavaScript.Info](https://javascript.info/map-set-weakmap-weakset)
 * 📜 [Maps in ES6 - A Quick Guide — Ben Mildren](https://dev.to/mildrenben/maps-in-es6---a-quick-guide-35pk)
 * 📜 [ES6 — Set vs Array — What and when? — Maya Shavin](https://medium.com/front-end-hacking/es6-set-vs-array-what-and-when-efc055655e1a)
 * 📜 [ES6 — Map vs Object — What and when? — Maya Shavin](https://medium.com/front-end-hacking/es6-map-vs-object-what-and-when-b80621932373)
 * 📜 [ES6: Working with Sets in JavaScript — Dead Code Rising](http://www.deadcoderising.com/es6-working-with-sets-in-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Array vs Set vs Map vs Object — Real-time use cases in Javascript (ES6/ES7) — Rajesh Babu](https://codeburst.io/array-vs-set-vs-map-vs-object-real-time-use-cases-in-javascript-es6-47ee3295329b)
 * 📜 [How to create an array of unique values in JavaScript using Sets — Claire Parker-Jones](https://dev.to/claireparker/how-to-create-an-array-of-unique-values-in-javascript-using-sets-5dg6)
 * 📜 [What You Should Know About ES6 Maps — Just Chris](https://hackernoon.com/what-you-should-know-about-es6-maps-dc66af6b9a1e)
 * 📜 [ES6 Maps in Depth — Nicol찼s Bevacqua](https://ponyfoo.com/articles/es6-maps-in-depth)
 * 📜 [Generator — MDN web docs](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Generator)
 * 📜 [What are JavaScript Generators and how to use them — Vladislav Stepanov](https://codeburst.io/what-are-javascript-generators-and-how-to-use-them-c6f2713fd12e)
 * 📜 [Understanding JavaScript Generators With Examples — Arfat Salman](https://codeburst.io/understanding-generators-in-es6-javascript-with-examples-6728834016d5)
 * 📜 [The Basics of ES6 Generators — Kyle Simpson](https://davidwalsh.name/es6-generators)

### 영상

* 🎥 [JavaScript ES6 / ES2015 Set, Map, WeakSet and WeakMap — Traversy Media](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ycohYSx5h9w)
 * 🎥 [The Differences between ES6 Maps and Sets — Steve Griffith](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m4abICrldQI)
 * 🎥 [Javascript Generators - THEY CHANGE EVERYTHING - ES6 Generators Harmony Generators — LearnCode.academy](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QO07THdLWQo)

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---

## 25. Promises

### 글

* 📜 [Promise — MDN](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Promises for Dummies — Jecelyn Yeen](https://scotch.io/tutorials/javascript-promises-for-dummies)
 * 📜 [Understanding promises in JavaScript — Gokul N K](https://hackernoon.com/understanding-promises-in-javascript-13d99df067c1)
 * 📜 [Master the JavaScript Interview: What is a Promise? — Eric Elliott](https://medium.com/javascript-scene/master-the-javascript-interview-what-is-a-promise-27fc71e77261)
 * 📜 [An Overview of JavaScript Promises — Sandeep Panda](https://www.sitepoint.com/overview-javascript-promises/)
 * 📜 [How to use Promises in JavaScript — Prashant Ram](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/promises-in-javascript-explained-277b98850de)
 * 📜 [Implementing Promises In JavaScript — Maciej Cieslar](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/how-to-implement-promises-in-javascript-1ce2680a7f51)
 * 📜 [JavaScript: Promises explained with simple real life analogies — Shruti Kapoor](https://codeburst.io/javascript-promises-explained-with-simple-real-life-analogies-dd6908092138)
 * 📜 [Promises for Asynchronous Programming — Exploring JS](http://exploringjs.com/es6/ch_promises.html)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Promises Explained By Gambling At A Casino — Kevin Kononenko](https://blog.codeanalogies.com/2018/08/26/javascript-promises-explained-by-gambling-at-a-casino/)
 * 📜 [ES6 Promises: Patterns and Anti-Patterns — Bobby Brennan](https://medium.com/datafire-io/es6-promises-patterns-and-anti-patterns-bbb21a5d0918)
 * 📜 [A Simple Guide to ES6 Promises — Brandon Morelli](https://codeburst.io/a-simple-guide-to-es6-promises-d71bacd2e13a)
 * 📜 [The ES6 Promises — Manoj Singh Negi](https://codeburst.io/the-es6-promises-87a979ab27e4)
 * 📜 [ES6 Promises in Depth — Nicol찼s Bevacqua](https://ponyfoo.com/articles/es6-promises-in-depth)
 * 📜 [Playing with Javascript Promises: A Comprehensive Approach — Rajesh Babu](https://codeburst.io/playing-with-javascript-promises-a-comprehensive-approach-25ab752c78c3)
 * 📜 [How to Write a JavaScript Promise — Brandon Wozniewicz](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/how-to-write-a-javascript-promise-4ed8d44292b8)

### 영상

* 🎥 [Let's Learn ES6 - Promises — Ryan Christiani](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vQ3MoXnKfuQ)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript ES6 / ES2015 Promises — Traversy Media](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XJEHuBZQ5dU)
 * 🎥 [Promises — Fun Fun Function](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2d7s3spWAzo)
 * 🎥 [Error Handling Promises in JavaScript — Fun Fun Function](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f8IgdnYIwOU)
 * 🎥 [Promises Part 1 - Topics of JavaScript/ES6 — The Coding Train](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QO4NXhWo_NM)
 
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---

## 26. async/await

### 글

* 📜 [async/await — JavaScript.Info](https://javascript.info/async-await)
 * 📜 [Understanding async/await in Javascript — Gokul N K](https://hackernoon.com/understanding-async-await-in-javascript-1d81bb079b2c)
 * 📜 [Asynchronous Programming — Eloquent JavaScript](https://eloquentjavascript.net/11_async.html)
 * 📜 [Exploring Async/Await Functions in JavaScript — Alligator.io](https://alligator.io/js/async-functions/)
 * 📜 [Asynchronous Javascript using async/await — Joy Warugu](https://scotch.io/tutorials/asynchronous-javascript-using-async-await)
 * 📜 [Modern Asynchronous JavaScript with async/await — Flavio Copes](https://flaviocopes.com/javascript-async-await/)
 * 📜 [Asynchronous JavaScript: From Callback Hell to Async and Await — Demir Selmanovic](https://www.toptal.com/javascript/asynchronous-javascript-async-await-tutorial)
 * 📜 [Javascript — ES8 Introducing async/await Functions — Ben Garrison](https://medium.com/@_bengarrison/javascript-es8-introducing-async-await-functions-7a471ec7de8a)
 * 📜 [How to escape async/await hell — Aditya Agarwal](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/avoiding-the-async-await-hell-c77a0fb71c4c)
 * 📜 [Understanding JavaScript's async await — Nicol찼s Bevacqua](https://ponyfoo.com/articles/understanding-javascript-async-await)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Async/Await: Serial, Parallel and Complex Flow — TechBrij](https://techbrij.com/javascript-async-await-parallel-sequence)
 * 📜 [Asynchronous Programming — Exploring JS](http://exploringjs.com/es6/ch_async.html)
 * 📜 [From JavaScript Promises to Async/Await: why bother? — Chris Nwamba](https://blog.pusher.com/promises-async-await/)
 * 📜 [Flow Control in Modern JS: Callbacks to Promises to Async/Await — Craig Buckler](https://www.sitepoint.com/flow-control-callbacks-promises-async-await/)
 * 📜 [JavaScript: Promises and Why Async/Await Wins the Battle — Nick Parsons](https://dzone.com/articles/javascript-promises-and-why-asyncawait-wins-the-ba)
 * 📜 [How To Master Async/Await With This Real World Example — Adrian Hajdin](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/how-to-master-async-await-with-this-real-world-example-19107e7558ad)
 * 📜 [How to improve your asynchronous Javascript code with async and await — Indrek Lasn](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/improve-your-asynchronous-javascript-code-with-async-and-await-c02fc3813eda)

### 영상

* 🎥 [Async + Await — Wes Bos](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9YkUCxvaLEk)
 * 🎥 [Asynchrony: Under the Hood — Shelley Vohr](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SrNQS8J67zc)
 * 🎥 [async/await in JavaScript - What, Why and How — Fun Fun Function](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=568g8hxJJp4&index=3&list=PL0zVEGEvSaeHJppaRLrqjeTPnCH6)
 * 🎥 [async/await Part 1 - Topics of JavaScript/ES8 — The Coding Train](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XO77Fib9tSI&index=3&list=PLRqwX-V7Uu6bKLPQvPRNNE65kBL62mVfx)
 * 🎥 [async/await Part 2 - Topics of JavaScript/ES8 — The Coding Train](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=chavThlNz3s&index=4&list=PLRqwX-V7Uu6bKLPQvPRNNE65kBL62mVfx)
 * 🎥 [Complete Guide to JS Async & Await ES2017/ES8 — Colt Steele](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=krAYA4rvbdA)

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---

## 27. 자료 구조

### 글

* 📜 [Data Structures in JavaScript — Thon Ly](https://medium.com/siliconwat/data-structures-in-javascript-1b9aed0ea17c)
 * 📜 [Algorithms and Data Structures in JavaScript — Oleksii Trekhleb](https://itnext.io/algorithms-and-data-structures-in-javascript-a71548f902cb)
 * 📜 [Data Structures: Objects and Arrays — Chris Nwamba](https://scotch.io/courses/10-need-to-know-javascript-concepts/data-structures-objects-and-arrays)
 * 📜 [Data structures in JavaScript — Benoit Vallon](http://blog.benoitvallon.com/data-structures-in-javascript/data-structures-in-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Playing with Data Structures in Javascript — Anish K.](https://blog.cloudboost.io/playing-with-data-structures-in-javascript-stack-a55ebe50f29d)
 * 📜 [The Little Guide of Queue in JavaScript — Germán Cutraro](https://hackernoon.com/the-little-guide-of-queue-in-javascript-4f67e79260d9)
 * 📜 [All algorithms writing with JavaScript in the book 'Algorithms Fourth Edition'](https://github.com/barretlee/algorithms)
 * 📜 [Collection of classic computer science paradigms in JavaScript](https://github.com/nzakas/computer-science-in-javascript)
 * 📜 [All the things you didn't know you wanted to know about data structures](https://github.com/jamiebuilds/itsy-bitsy-data-structures)

### 영상

* 🎥 [Algorithms in JavaScript — Seth Koch](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PylQlISSH8U&list=PLujX4CIdBGCa-65N3uN8CDbUMrYsHBrz-)
 * 🎥 [Algorithms In Javascript | Ace Your Interview — Eduonix Learning Solutions](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H_EBPZgiAas&list=PLDmvslp_VR0zYUSth_8O69p4_cmvZEgLa)
 * 🎥 [Data Structures and Algorithms in JavaScript — freeCodeCamp](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gj5qBheGOEo&list=PLWKjhJtqVAbkso-IbgiiP48n-O-JQA9PJ)
 * 🎥 [Learning JavaScript Data Structures and Algorithms: Sorting — Packt Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ymh_AurrMbA)

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---

## 28. 함수 성능과 빅 오(Big-O) 표기법

### 글

* 📜 [Big O Notation in Javascript — César Antón Dorantes](https://medium.com/cesars-tech-insights/big-o-notation-javascript-25c79f50b19b)
 * 📜 [Time Complexity/Big O Notation — Tim Roberts](https://medium.com/javascript-scene/time-complexity-big-o-notation-1a4310c3ee4b)
 * 📜 [Big O in JavaScript — Gabriela Medina](https://medium.com/@gmedina229/big-o-in-javascript-36ff67766051)
 * 📜 [Big O Search Algorithms in JavaScript — Bradley Braithwaite](http://www.bradoncode.com/blog/2012/04/big-o-algorithm-examples-in-javascript.html)
 * 📜 [Time Complexity Analysis in JavaScript — Jennifer Bland](https://www.jenniferbland.com/time-complexity-analysis-in-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Algorithms in plain English: time complexity and Big-O Notation — Michael Olorunnisola](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/time-is-complex-but-priceless-f0abd015063c)

### 영상

* 🎥 [JavaScript: Intro to Big O Notation and Function Runtime — Eric Traub](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HgA5VOFan5E)
 * 🎥 [Essential Big O for JavaScript Developers — Dave Smith](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KatlvCFHPRo)
 * 🎥 [Big O Notation - Time Complexity Analysis — WebTunings](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ALl86xJiTD8)

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---

## 29. 알고리즘

### 글

* 📜 [Data Structures and Algorithms using ES6](https://github.com/Crizstian/data-structure-and-algorithms-with-ES6)
 * 📜 [Algorithms and data structures implemented in JavaScript with explanations and links to further readings](https://github.com/trekhleb/javascript-algorithms)
 * 📜 [JS: Interview Algorithm](http://www.thatjsdude.com/interview/js1.html)
 * 📜 [Algorithms in JavaScript — Thon Ly](https://medium.com/siliconwat/algorithms-in-javascript-b0bed68f4038)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Objects, Square Brackets and Algorithms — Dmitri Grabov](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/javascript-objects-square-brackets-and-algorithms-e9a2916dc158)
 * 📜 [Atwood's Law applied to CS101 - Classic algorithms and data structures implemented in JavaScript](https://github.com/felipernb/algorithms.js)
 * 📜 [Data Structures and Algorithms library in JavaScript](https://github.com/yangshun/lago)
 * 📜 [Collection of computer science algorithms and data structures written in JavaScript](https://github.com/idosela/algorithms-in-javascript)

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---

## 30. 상속, 다형성, 코드의 재사용성

### 글

* 📜 [Class inheritance, super — JavaScript.Info](https://javascript.info/class-inheritance)
 * 📜 [Inheritance in JavaScript — MDN](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Objects/Inheritance)
 * 📜 [Inheritance in JavaScript — Rupesh Mishra](https://hackernoon.com/inheritance-in-javascript-21d2b82ffa6f)
 * 📜 [Simple Inheritance with JavaScript — David Catuhe](https://www.sitepoint.com/simple-inheritance-javascript/)
 * 📜 [JavaScript — Inheritance, delegation patterns and Object linking — NC Patro](https://codeburst.io/javascript-inheritance-25fe61ab9f85)
 * 📜 [Object Oriented JavaScript: Polymorphism with examples — Knoldus Blogs](https://blog.knoldus.com/object-oriented-javascript-polymorphism-with-examples/)
 * 📜 [Program Like Proteus — A beginner's guide to polymorphism in Javascript — Sam Galson](https://medium.com/yld-engineering-blog/program-like-proteus-a-beginners-guide-to-polymorphism-in-javascript-867bea7c8be2)
 * 📜 [Object-oriented JavaScript: A Deep Dive into ES6 Classes — Jeff Mott](https://www.sitepoint.com/object-oriented-javascript-deep-dive-es6-classes/)

### 영상

* 🎥 [Inheritance in JavaScript — kudvenkat](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yXlFR81tDBM)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript ES6 Classes and Inheritance — Traversy Media](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RBLIm5LMrmc)
 * 🎥 [Polymorphism in JavaScript — kudvenkat](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zdovG9cuEBA)

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---

## 31. 설계 패턴

### 글

### 영상

* 🎥 [JavaScript Design Patterns — Udacity](https://www.udacity.com/course/javascript-design-patterns--ud989)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Patterns for 2017 — Scott Allen](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hO7mzO83N1Q)

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---

## 32. 부분 어플리케이션, 커링(Currying), Compose, Pipe

### 글

* 📜 [Use function composition in JavaScript — Rémi](https://www.codementor.io/michelre/use-function-composition-in-javascript-gkmxos5mj)
 * 📜 [Currying in JavaScript ES6 — Adam Bene](https://blog.benestudio.co/currying-in-javascript-es6-540d2ad09400)
 * 📜 [Composition and Currying Elegance in JavaScript — Pragyan Das](https://medium.com/@pragyan88/writing-middleware-composition-and-currying-elegance-in-javascript-8b15c98a541b)
 * 📜 [Functional JavaScript: Function Composition For Every Day Use — Joel Thoms](https://hackernoon.com/javascript-functional-composition-for-every-day-use-22421ef65a10)
 * 📜 [Functional Composition: compose() and pipe() — Anton Paras](https://medium.com/@acparas/what-i-learned-today-july-2-2017-ab9a46dbf85f)
 * 📜 [Why The Hipsters Compose Everything: Functional Composing In JavaScript — A. Sharif](http://busypeoples.github.io/post/functional-composing-javascript/)
 * 📜 [A Gentle Introduction to Functional JavaScript pt III: Functions for making functions — James Sinclair](https://jrsinclair.com/articles/2016/gentle-introduction-to-functional-javascript-functions/)
 * 📜 [Curry And Compose (why you should be using something like ramda in your code) — jsanchesleao](https://jsleao.wordpress.com/2015/02/22/curry-and-compose-why-you-should-be-using-something-like-ramda-in-your-code/)
 * 📜 [Function Composition in JavaScript with Pipe — Andy Van Slaars](https://vanslaars.io/post/create-pipe-function/)
 * 📜 [Practical Functional JavaScript with Ramda — Andrew D'Amelio, Yuri Takhteyev](https://developer.telerik.com/featured/practical-functional-javascript-ramda/)
 * 📜 [The beauty in Partial Application, Currying, and Function Composition — Joel Thoms](https://hackernoon.com/the-beauty-in-partial-application-currying-and-function-composition-d885bdf0d574)
 * 📜 [Curry or Partial Application? — Eric Elliott](https://medium.com/javascript-scene/curry-or-partial-application-8150044c78b8)
 * 📜 [Partial Application in JavaScript — Ben Alman](http://benalman.com/news/2012/09/partial-application-in-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Partial Application of Functions — Functional Reactive Ninja](https://hackernoon.com/partial-application-of-functions-dbe7d9b80760)
 * 📜 [Currying vs Partial Application — Deepak Gupta](https://codeburst.io/javascript-currying-vs-partial-application-4db5b2442be8)
 * 📜 [Partial Application in ECMAScript 2015 — Ragan Wald](http://raganwald.com/2015/04/01/partial-application.html)
 * 📜 [Functional Composition in Javascript — Joe Cortopassi](https://joecortopassi.com/articles/functional-composition-in-javascript/)
 * 📜 [So You Want to be a Functional Programmer pt. I — Charles Scalfani](https://medium.com/@cscalfani/so-you-want-to-be-a-functional-programmer-part-1-1f15e387e536)
 * 📜 [So You Want to be a Functional Programmer pt. II — Charles Scalfani](https://medium.com/@cscalfani/so-you-want-to-be-a-functional-programmer-part-2-7005682cec4a)
 * 📜 [So You Want to be a Functional Programmer pt. III — Charles Scalfani](https://medium.com/@cscalfani/so-you-want-to-be-a-functional-programmer-part-3-1b0fd14eb1a7)
 * 📜 [So You Want to be a Functional Programmer pt. IV — Charles Scalfani](https://medium.com/@cscalfani/so-you-want-to-be-a-functional-programmer-part-4-18fbe3ea9e49)
 * 📜 [So You Want to be a Functional Programmer pt. V — Charles Scalfani](https://medium.com/@cscalfani/so-you-want-to-be-a-functional-programmer-part-5-c70adc9cf56a)
 * 📜 [Functional-Light JavaScript Chapter 3: Managing Function Inputs — Kyle Simpson](https://github.com/getify/Functional-Light-JS/blob/master/manuscript/ch3.md)
 * 📜 [An introduction to the basic principles of Functional Programming — TK](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/an-introduction-to-the-basic-principles-of-functional-programming-a2c2a15c84)
 * 📜 [Concepts of Functional Programming in Javascript — TK](https://medium.com/the-renaissance-developer/concepts-of-functional-programming-in-javascript-6bc84220d2aa)
 * 📜 [An Introduction to Functional Programming Style in JavaScript — JavaScript Teacher](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/an-introduction-to-functional-programming-style-in-javascript-71fcc050f064)
 * 📜 [A practical guide to writing more functional JavaScript — Nadeesha Cabral](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/a-practical-guide-to-writing-more-functional-javascript-db49409f71)

### 영상

* 🎥 [Compose vs Pipe: Functional Programming in JavaScript — Chyld Studios](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wl2ejJOqHUU)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Functional Programing: Compose — Theodore Anderson](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jigHxo9YR30)
 * 🎥 [Function Composition - Functional JavaScript — NWCalvank](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mth5WpEc4Qs)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Function Composition Explained — Theodore Anderson](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uam37AlzPYw)
 * 🎥 [Let's code with function composition — Fun Fun Function](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VGB9HbL1GHk)
 * 🎥 [Partial Application vs. Currying — NWCalvank](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DzLkRsUN2vE)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Partial Application — Theodore Anderson](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jkebgHEcvac)

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---

## 33. 클린 코드

### 글

* 📜 [Clean Code concepts adapted for JavaScript — Ryan McDermott](https://github.com/ryanmcdermott/clean-code-javascript)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Clean Coding Best Practices — András Tóth](https://blog.risingstack.com/javascript-clean-coding-best-practices-node-js-at-scale/)
 * 📜 [Function parameters in JavaScript Clean Code — Kevin Peters](https://medium.com/@kevin_peters/function-parameters-in-javascript-clean-code-4caac109159b)
 * 📜 [Clean Code JavaScript — Sarah Drasner](https://css-tricks.com/clean-code-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Keeping your code clean — Samuel James](https://codeburst.io/keeping-your-code-clean-d30bcffd1a10)
 * 📜 [Best Practices for Using Modern JavaScript Syntax — M. David Green](https://www.sitepoint.com/modern-javascript-best-practices/)
 * 📜 [best practices for cross node/web development - Jimmy Wärting](https://github.com/cross-js/cross-js)

### 영상
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Pro Tips - Code This, NOT That](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mus_vwhTCq0)

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<h1 align="center">
<br>
  <a href="https://github.com/leonardomso/33"><img src="https://i.imgur.com/dsHmk6H.jpg" alt="33 Concepts Every JS Developer Should Know" width=200"></a>
  <br>
    <br>
  33 Concepts Every JavaScript Developer Should Know
  <br><br>
</h1>

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## Introduction

**🚀 Considered by GitHub as one of the [top open source projects of 2018!](https://blog.github.com/2018-12-13-new-open-source-projects/)**

## Community

Feel free to submit a PR adding a link to your own recaps or reviews. If you want to translate the repo into your native language, please feel free to do so.

All the translations for this repo will be listed below:

- [Chinese](https://github.com/stephentian/33-js-concepts) — Re Tian
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- [Ukrainian](https://github.com/AndrewSavetchuk/33-js-concepts-ukrainian-translation) — Andrew Savetchuk
- [Sinhala](https://github.com/ududsha/33-js-concepts) — Udaya Shamendra
- [Italian](https://github.com/Donearm/33-js-concepts) - Gianluca Fiore

---

## Table of Contents

1. **[Call Stack](#1-call-stack)**
2. **[Primitive Types](#2-primitive-types)**
3. **[Value Types and Reference Types](#3-value-types-and-reference-types)**
4. **[Implicit, Explicit, Nominal, Structuring and Duck Typing](#4-implicit-explicit-nominal-structuring-and-duck-typing)**
5. **[== vs === vs typeof](#5--vs--vs-typeof)**
6. **[Function Scope, Block Scope and Lexical Scope](#6-function-scope-block-scope-and-lexical-scope)**
7. **[Expression vs Statement](#7-expression-vs-statement)**
8. **[IIFE, Modules and Namespaces](#8-iife-modules-and-namespaces)**
9. **[Message Queue and Event Loop](#9-message-queue-and-event-loop)**
10. **[setTimeout, setInterval and requestAnimationFrame](#10-settimeout-setinterval-and-requestanimationframe)**
11. **[JavaScript Engines](#11-javascript-engines)**
12. **[Bitwise Operators, Type Arrays and Array Buffers](#12-bitwise-operators-type-arrays-and-array-buffers)**
13. **[DOM and Layout Trees](#13-dom-and-layout-trees)**
14. **[Factories and Classes](#14-factories-and-classes)**
15. **[this, call, apply and bind](#15-this-call-apply-and-bind)**
16. **[new, Constructor, instanceof and Instances](#16-new-constructor-instanceof-and-instances)**
17. **[Prototype Inheritance and Prototype Chain](#17-prototype-inheritance-and-prototype-chain)**
18. **[Object.create and Object.assign](#18-objectcreate-and-objectassign)**
19. **[map, reduce, filter](#19-map-reduce-filter)**
20. **[Pure Functions, Side Effects and State Mutation](#20-pure-functions-side-effects-and-state-mutation)**
21. **[Closures](#21-closures)**
22. **[High Order Functions](#22-high-order-functions)**
23. **[Recursion](#23-recursion)**
24. **[Collections and Generators](#24-collections-and-generators)**
25. **[Promises](#25-promises)**
26. **[async/await](#26-asyncawait)**
27. **[Data Structures](#27-data-structures)**
28. **[Expensive Operation and Big O Notation](#28-expensive-operation-and-big-o-notation)**
29. **[Algorithms](#29-algorithms)**
30. **[Inheritance, Polymorphism and Code Reuse](#30-inheritance-polymorphism-and-code-reuse)**
31. **[Design Patterns](#31-design-patterns)**
32. **[Partial Applications, Currying, Compose and Pipe](#32-partial-applications-currying-compose-and-pipe)**
33. **[Clean Code](#33-clean-code)**

---

## 1. Call Stack

### Articles

### Videos

* 🎥 [Javascript: the Call Stack explained — Coding Blocks India](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w6QGEiQceOM)
 * 🎥 [The JS Call Stack Explained In 9 Minutes — Colt Steele](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W8AeMrVtFLY)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Execution Stack — Codecademy](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jT0USJeNFEA)
 * 🎥 [What is the Call Stack? — Eric Traub](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w7QWQlkLY_s)
 * 🎥 [The Call Stack — Kevin Drumm](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q2sFmqvpBe0)
 * 🎥 [Understanding JavaScript Execution — Codesmith](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6a1cLyq7Ac&list=PLWrQZnG8l0E4kd1T_nyuVoxQUaYEWFgcD)
 * 🎥 [Call Stack & Event Loop — movies com](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mk0lu9MKBto)
 * 🎥 [The Ultimate Guide to Execution Contexts, Hoisting, Scopes, and Closures in JavaScript — Tyler McGinnis](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nt-qa_LlUH0)
  * 🎥 [What the heck is the event loop anyway? — Philip Roberts](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8aGhZQkoFbQ)
  * 🎥 [La PILA DE EJECUCIÓN (Call Stack) de JavaScript — La Cocina del Código](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ygA5U7Wgsg8)

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 2. Primitive Types

### Articles

* 📜 [How numbers are encoded in JavaScript — Dr. Axel Rauschmayer](http://2ality.com/2012/04/number-encoding.html)
 * 📜 [What You Need to Know About JavaScript Number Type — Max Wizard K](https://medium.com/dailyjs/javascripts-number-type-8d59199db1b6)
 * 📜 [What Every JavaScript Developer Should Know About Floating Point Numbers — Chewxy](https://blog.chewxy.com/2014/02/24/what-every-javascript-developer-should-know-about-floating-point-numbers/)
 * 📜 [The Secret Life of JavaScript Primitives — Angus Croll](https://javascriptweblog.wordpress.com/2010/09/27/the-secret-life-of-javascript-primitives/)
 * 📜 [Primitive Types — Flow](https://flow.org/en/docs/types/primitives/)
 * 📜 [(Not) Everything in JavaScript is an Object — Daniel Li](http://blog.brew.com.hk/not-everything-in-javascript-is-an-object/)
 * 📜 [JavaScript data types and data structures — MDN](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Primitive_values)
 * 📜 [Diving Deeper in JavaScripts Objects — Arfat Salman](https://blog.bitsrc.io/diving-deeper-in-javascripts-objects-318b1e13dc12)
 * 📜 [The differences between Object.freeze() vs Const in JavaScript — Bolaji Ayodeji](https://medium.com/@bolajiayodeji/the-differences-between-object-freeze-vs-const-in-javascript-4eacea534d7c)

### Videos

* 🎥 [JavaScript Reference vs Primitive Types — Academind](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ooYYRLdg_g)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Primitive Types — Simon Sez IT](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HsbWQsSCE5Y)
 * 🎥 [Value Types and Reference Types in JavaScript — Programming with Mosh](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e-_mDyqm2oU)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Primitive Data Types — Avelx](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qw3j0A3DIzQ)
 * 🎥 [Everything you never wanted to know about JavaScript numbers — Bartek Szopka](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MqHDDtVYJRI)
 * 🎥 [What are variables in Javascript? — JS For Everyone](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B4Bbmei_thw)
 * 🎥 [TIPOS DE DATOS PRIMITIVOS en JAVASCRIPT - La Cocina del Código](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cC65D2q5f8I)

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 3. Value Types and Reference Types

### Articles

* 📜 [Explaining Value vs. Reference in Javascript — Arnav Aggarwal](https://codeburst.io/explaining-value-vs-reference-in-javascript-647a975e12a0)
 * 📜 [Understand Value and Reference Types in JavaScript — Zsolt Nagy](https://www.zsoltnagy.eu/understand-value-and-reference-types-in-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Primitive Types & Reference Types in JavaScript — Bran van der Meer](https://gist.github.com/branneman/7fb06d8a74d7e6d4cbcf75c50fec599c)
 * 📜 [Value Types, Reference Types and Scope in JavaScript — Ben Aston](https://medium.com/@benastontweet/lesson-1b-javascript-fundamentals-380f601ba851)
 * 📜 [Back to roots: JavaScript Value vs Reference — Miro Koczka](https://medium.com/dailyjs/back-to-roots-javascript-value-vs-reference-8fb69d587a18)
 * 📜 [Grasp “By Value” and “By Reference” in JavaScript — Léna Faure](https://hackernoon.com/grasp-by-value-and-by-reference-in-javascript-7ed75efa1293)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Reference and Copy Variables — Vítor Capretz](https://hackernoon.com/javascript-reference-and-copy-variables-b0103074fdf0)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Primitive vs Reference Values](http://www.javascripttutorial.net/javascript-primitive-vs-reference-values/)
 * 📜 [JavaScript by Reference vs. by Value — nrabinowitz](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6605640/javascript-by-reference-vs-by-value)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Interview Prep: Primitive vs. Reference Types — Mike Cronin](https://dev.to/mostlyfocusedmike/javascript-interview-prep-primitive-vs-reference-types-3o4f)

### Videos

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 4. Implicit, Explicit, Nominal, Structuring and Duck Typing

### Articles

### Videos

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 5. == vs === vs typeof

### Articles

* 📜 [JavaScript Double Equals vs. Triple Equals — Brandon Morelli](https://codeburst.io/javascript-double-equals-vs-triple-equals-61d4ce5a121a)
 * 📜 [Should I use === or == equality comparison operator in JavaScript? — Panu Pitkamaki](https://bytearcher.com/articles/equality-comparison-operator-javascript/)
 * 📜 [== vs === JavaScript: Double Equals and Coercion — AJ Meyghani](https://www.codementor.io/javascript/tutorial/double-equals-and-coercion-in-javascript)
 * 📜 [Why Use the Triple-Equals Operator in JavaScript? — Louis Lazaris](https://www.impressivewebs.com/why-use-triple-equals-javascipt/)
 * 📜 [What is the difference between == and === in JavaScript? — Craig Buckler](https://www.oreilly.com/learning/what-is-the-difference-between-and-in-javascript)
 * 📜 [Why javascript's typeof always return "object"? — Stack Overflow](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3787901/why-javascripts-typeof-always-return-object)
 * 📜 [Checking Types in Javascript — Toby Ho](http://tobyho.com/2011/01/28/checking-types-in-javascript/)
 * 📜 [How to better check data types in JavaScript — Webbjocke](https://webbjocke.com/javascript-check-data-types/)
 * 📜 [Checking for the Absence of a Value in JavaScript — Tomer Aberbach](https://tomeraberba.ch/html/post/checking-for-the-absence-of-a-value-in-javascript.html)

### Videos

* 🎥 [JavaScript - The typeof operator — Java Brains](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ol_su88I3kw)
 * 🎥 [Javascript typeof operator — DevDelight](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qPYhTPt_SbQ)

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 6. Function Scope, Block Scope and Lexical Scope

### Articles

* 📜 [You Don't Know JS: Scope & Closures [Book] — Kyle Simpson](https://github.com/getify/You-Dont-Know-JS/blob/1st-ed/scope%20%26%20closures/ch3.md)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Functions — Understanding The Basics — Brandon Morelli](https://codeburst.io/javascript-functions-understanding-the-basics-207dbf42ed99)
 * 📜 [The battle between Function Scope and Block Scope — Marius Herring](http://www.deadcoderising.com/2017-04-11-es6-var-let-and-const-the-battle-between-function-scope-and-block-scope/)
 * 📜 [Emulating Block Scope in JavaScript — Josh Clanton](http://adripofjavascript.com/blog/drips/emulating-block-scope-in-javascript.html)
 * 📜 [The Difference Between Function and Block Scope in JavaScript — Joseph Cardillo](https://medium.com/@josephcardillo/the-difference-between-function-and-block-scope-in-javascript-4296b2322abe)
 * 📜 [Function Scopes and Block Scopes in JavaScript — Samer Buna](https://edgecoders.com/function-scopes-and-block-scopes-in-javascript-25bbd7f293d7)
 * 📜 [Understanding Scope and Context in JavaScript | Ryan Morr](http://ryanmorr.com/understanding-scope-and-context-in-javascript/)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Scope and Closures — Zell Liew](https://css-tricks.com/javascript-scope-closures/)
 * 📜 [Understanding Scope in JavaScript — Wissam Abirached](https://developer.telerik.com/topics/web-development/understanding-scope-in-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Speaking JavaScript - Variables: Scopes, Environments, and Closures — Dr. Axel Rauschmayer](http://speakingjs.com/es5/ch16.html)
 * 📜 [Understanding Scope in JavaScript ― Hammad Ahmed](https://scotch.io/tutorials/understanding-scope-in-javascript)
 * 📜 [When to use a function declaration vs. a function expression ― Amber Wilkie](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/when-to-use-a-function-declarations-vs-a-function-expression-70f15152a0a0)
 * 📜 [A JavaScript Fundamentals Cheat Sheet: Scope, Context, and “this” ― Alexandra Fren](https://dev.to/alexandrafren/a-javascript-fundamentals-cheat-sheet-scope-context-and-this-28ai)

### Videos

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 7. Expression vs Statement

### Articles

### Videos

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 8. IIFE, Modules and Namespaces

### Articles

* 📜 [Mastering Immediately-Invoked Function Expressions ― Chandra Gundamaraju](https://medium.com/@vvkchandra/essential-javascript-mastering-immediately-invoked-function-expressions-67791338ddc6)
 * 📜 [Do ES6 Modules make the case of IIFEs obsolete?](https://hashnode.com/post/do-es6-modules-make-the-case-of-iifes-obsolete-civ96wet80scqgc538un20es0)
 * 📜 [A 10 minute primer to JavaScript modules, module formats, module loaders and module bundlers ― Jurgen Van de Moere](https://www.jvandemo.com/a-10-minute-primer-to-javascript-modules-module-formats-module-loaders-and-module-bundlers/)
 * 📜 [Modules ― Exploring JS](http://exploringjs.com/es6/ch_modules.html)
 * 📜 [ES modules: A cartoon deep-dive — Lin Clark](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2018/03/es-modules-a-cartoon-deep-dive/)
 * 📜 [Understanding ES6 Modules — Craig Buckler](https://www.sitepoint.com/understanding-es6-modules/)
 * 📜 [An overview of ES6 Modules in JavaScript — Brent Graham](https://blog.cloud66.com/an-overview-of-es6-modules-in-javascript/)
 * 📜 [ES6 Modules in Depth — Nicolás Bevacqua](https://ponyfoo.com/articles/es6-modules-in-depth)
 * 📜 [ES6 modules, Node.js and the Michael Jackson Solution — Alberto Gimeno](https://medium.com/dailyjs/es6-modules-node-js-and-the-michael-jackson-solution-828dc244b8b)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Modules: A Beginner’s Guide — Preethi Kasireddy](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/javascript-modules-a-beginner-s-guide-783f7d7a5fcc)
 * 📜 [Using JavaScript modules on the web](https://developers.google.com/web/fundamentals/primers/modules)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Modules: From IIFEs to CommonJS to ES6 Modules — Tyler McGinnis](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/javascript-modules-from-iifes-to-commonjs-to-es6-modules-4d10c16f55d4)

### Videos

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 9. Message Queue and Event Loop

### Articles

### Videos

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 10. setTimeout, setInterval and requestAnimationFrame

### Articles

### Videos

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 11. JavaScript Engines

### Articles

* 📜 [JavaScript Engines — Jen Looper](http://www.softwaremag.com/javascript-engines/)
 * 📜 [Understanding How the Chrome V8 Engine Translates JavaScript into Machine Code — DroidHead](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/understanding-the-core-of-nodejs-the-powerful-chrome-v8-engine-79e7eb8af964)
 * 📜 [Understanding V8’s Bytecode — Franziska Hinkelmann](https://medium.com/dailyjs/understanding-v8s-bytecode-317d46c94775)
 * 📜 [How the V8 engine works? — Thibault Laurens](http://thibaultlaurens.github.io/javascript/2013/04/29/how-the-v8-engine-works/)
 * 📜 [A Brief History of Google’s V8 Javascript Engine — Clair Smith](https://www.mediacurrent.com/blog/brief-history-googles-v8-javascript-engine/)
 * 📜 [JavaScript essentials: why you should know how the engine works - Rainer Hahnekamp](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/javascript-essentials-why-you-should-know-how-the-engine-works-c2cc0d321553)
 * 📜 [JavaScript engine fundamentals: Shapes and Inline Caches](https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/shapes-ics)
 * 📜 [JavaScript engine fundamentals: optimizing prototypes](https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/prototypes)
 * 📜 [How V8 optimizes array operations](https://v8.dev/blog/elements-kinds)

### Videos

* 🎥 [JavaScript Engines: The Good Parts™ — Mathias Bynens & Benedikt Meurer](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5nmpokoRaZI)

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 12. Bitwise Operators, Type Arrays and Array Buffers

### Articles

* 📜 [Programming with JS: Bitwise Operations — Alexander Kondov](https://hackernoon.com/programming-with-js-bitwise-operations-393eb0745dc4)
 * 📜 [Using JavaScript’s Bitwise Operators in Real Life — ian m](https://codeburst.io/using-javascript-bitwise-operators-in-real-life-f551a731ff5)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Bitwise Operators — w3resource](https://www.w3resource.com/javascript/operators/bitwise-operator.php)
 * 📜 [Bitwise Operators in Javascript — Joe Cha](https://medium.com/bother7-blog/bitwise-operators-in-javascript-65c4c69be0d3)
 * 📜 [A Comprehensive Primer on Binary Computation and Bitwise Operators in Javascript — Paul Brown](https://medium.com/techtrument/a-comprehensive-primer-on-binary-computation-and-bitwise-operators-in-javascript-81acf8341f04)
 * 📜 [How can I understand Bitwise operation in JavaScript?](https://www.quora.com/How-can-I-understand-Bitwise-operation-in-JavaScript)

### Videos

* 🎥 [JavaScript Bitwise Operators — Programming with Mosh](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mesu75PTDC8)

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 13. DOM and Layout Trees

### Articles

### Videos

* 🎥 [JavaScript DOM — The Net Ninja](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FIORjGvT0kk)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript DOM Crash Course — Traversy Media](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0ik6X4DJKCc)

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 14. Factories and Classes

### Articles

* 📜 [How To Use Classes in JavaScript — Tania Rascia](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/understanding-classes-in-javascript)
 * 📜 [Javascript Classes — Under The Hood — Majid](https://medium.com/tech-tajawal/javascript-classes-under-the-hood-6b26d2667677)
 * 📜 [ES6 Classes — Nathaniel Foster](https://www.javascriptjanuary.com/blog/es6-classes)
 * 📜 [Better JavaScript with ES6, Pt. II: A Deep Dive into Classes ― Peleke Sengstacke](https://scotch.io/tutorials/better-javascript-with-es6-pt-ii-a-deep-dive-into-classes)
 * 📜 [Understand the Factory Design Pattern in Plain JavaScript — Aditya Agarwal](https://medium.com/front-end-hacking/understand-the-factory-design-pattern-in-plain-javascript-20b348c832bd)
 * 📜 [Factory Functions in JavaScript — Josh Miller](https://atendesigngroup.com/blog/factory-functions-javascript)
 * 📜 [The Factory Pattern in JS ES6 — SnstsDev](https://medium.com/@SntsDev/the-factory-pattern-in-js-es6-78f0afad17e9)
 * 📜 [Class vs Factory function: exploring the way forward — Cristi Salcescu](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/class-vs-factory-function-exploring-the-way-forward-73258b6a8d15)
 * 📜 [How ES6 classes really work and how to build your own — Robert Grosse](https://medium.com/@robertgrosse/how-es6-classes-really-work-and-how-to-build-your-own-fd6085eb326a)
 * 📜 [Understanding `super` in JavaScript](https://jordankasper.com/understanding-super-in-javascript)

### Videos

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 15. this, call, apply and bind

### Articles

* 📜 [How-to: call() , apply() and bind() in JavaScript — Niladri Sekhar Dutta](https://www.codementor.io/niladrisekhardutta/how-to-call-apply-and-bind-in-javascript-8i1jca6jp)
 * 📜 [JavaScript’s Apply, Call, and Bind Methods are Essential for JavaScript Professionals — Richard Bovell](http://javascriptissexy.com/javascript-apply-call-and-bind-methods-are-essential-for-javascript-professionals/)
 * 📜 [WTF is this - Understanding the this keyword, call, apply, and bind in JavaScript — Tyler McGinnis](https://tylermcginnis.com/this-keyword-call-apply-bind-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Javascript: call(), apply() and bind() — Omer Goldberg](https://medium.com/@omergoldberg/javascript-call-apply-and-bind-e5c27301f7bb)
 * 📜 [The difference between call / apply / bind — Ivan Sifrim](https://medium.com/@ivansifrim/the-differences-between-call-apply-bind-276724bb825b)
 * 📜 [Mastering 'this' in JavaScript: Callbacks and bind(), apply(), call() — Michelle Gienow](https://thenewstack.io/mastering-javascript-callbacks-bind-apply-call/)
 * 📜 [JavaScript’s apply, call, and bind explained by hosting a cookout — Kevin Kononenko](https://dev.to/kbk0125/javascripts-apply-call-and-bind-explained-by-hosting-a-cookout-32jo)
 * 📜 [How AND When to use bind, call, and apply in Javascript — Eigen X](https://www.eigenx.com/blog/https/mediumcom/eigen-x/how-and-when-to-use-bind-call-and-apply-in-javascript-77b6f42898fb)
 * 📜 [JavaScript .bind() vs .apply() and .call() — Hack Sparrow](https://www.hacksparrow.com/javascript-bind-vs-apply-and-call.html)
 * 📜 [call() — MDN](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function/call)
 * 📜 [bind() — MDN](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_objects/Function/bind)
 * 📜 [apply() — MDN](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function/apply)
 * 📜 [What is 'this' in JavaScript? — Daniel Li](http://blog.brew.com.hk/what-is-this-in-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Let me explain to you what is `this`. (Javascript) — Jason Yu](https://dev.to/ycmjason/let-me-explain-to-you-what-is-this-javascript-44ja)
 * 📜 [Understanding the “this” Keyword in JavaScript — Pavan](https://medium.com/quick-code/understanding-the-this-keyword-in-javascript-cb76d4c7c5e8)
 * 📜 [How to understand the keyword this and context in JavaScript — Lukas Gisder-Dubé](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/how-to-understand-the-keyword-this-and-context-in-javascript-cd624c6b74b8)
 * 📜 [What the heck is this in Javascript? — Hridayesh Sharma](https://dev.to/_hridaysharma/what-the-heck-is-this-in-javascript-37n1)
 * 📜 [This and Bind In Javascript — Brian Barbour](https://dev.to/steelvoltage/this-and-bind-in-javascript-2pam)
 * 📜 [3 Techniques for Maintaining Your Sanity Using "This" in JavaScript — Carl](https://dev.to/canderson93/3-techniques-for-maintaining-your-sanity-using-this-in-javascript-3idf)

### Videos

* 🎥 [JavaScript call, apply and bind — techsith](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c0mLRpw-9rI)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Practical Applications of Call, Apply and Bind functions— techsith](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AYVYxezrMWA)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript (call, bind, apply) — curious aatma](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uy0NOXLBraE)
 * 🎥 [Understanding Functions and 'this' In The World of ES2017 — Bryan Hughes](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AOSYY1_np_4)
 * 🎥 [bind and this - Object Creation in JavaScript - FunFunFunction](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GhbhD1HR5vk)
 * 🎥 [JavaScript Practical Applications of Call, Apply and Bind functions — techsith](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AYVYxezrMWA)
 * 🎥 [JS Function Methods call(), apply(), and bind() — Steve Griffith](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uBdH0iB1VDM)

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 16. new, Constructor, instanceof and Instances

### Articles

* 📜 [JavaScript For Beginners: the ‘new’ operator — Brandon Morelli](https://codeburst.io/javascript-for-beginners-the-new-operator-cee35beb669e)
 * 📜 [Let’s demystify JavaScript’s ‘new’ keyword — Cynthia Lee](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/demystifying-javascripts-new-keyword-874df126184c)
 * 📜 [Constructor, operator "new" — JavaScript.Info](https://javascript.info/constructor-new)
 * 📜 [Understanding JavaScript Constructors — Faraz Kelhini](https://css-tricks.com/understanding-javascript-constructors/)
 * 📜 [Use Constructor Functions — Openclassrooms](https://openclassrooms.com/en/courses/3523231-learn-to-code-with-javascript/4379006-use-constructor-functions)
 * 📜 [Beyond `typeof` and `instanceof`: simplifying dynamic type checks — Dr. Axel Rauschmayer](http://2ality.com/2017/08/type-right.html)
 * 📜 [What Is the Instanceof Operator in JavaScript — appendTo](https://appendto.com/2016/10/what-is-the-instanceof-operator-in-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Function and Object, instances of each other — Kiro Risk](https://javascriptrefined.io/function-and-object-instances-of-each-other-1e1095d5faac)

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 17. Prototype Inheritance and Prototype Chain

### Articles

* 📜 [Javascript : Prototype vs Class — Valentin PARSY](https://medium.com/@parsyval/javascript-prototype-vs-class-a7015d5473b)
 * 📜 [JavaScript engine fundamentals: optimizing prototypes — Mathias Bynens](https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/prototypes)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Prototype — NC Patro](https://codeburst.io/javascript-prototype-cb29d82b8809)
 * 📜 [Prototype in Javascript — Sandeep Ranjan](https://www.codementor.io/sandeepranjan2007/prototype-in-javascipt-knbve0lqo)
 * 📜 [Prototypes in JavaScript — Rupesh Mishra](https://hackernoon.com/prototypes-in-javascript-5bba2990e04b)
 * 📜 [Prototype in JavaScript: it’s quirky, but here’s how it works — Pranav Jindal](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/prototype-in-js-busted-5547ec68872)
 * 📜 [Inheritance and the prototype chain — MDN](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Inheritance_and_the_prototype_chain)
 * 📜 [Understanding JavaScript: Prototype and Inheritance — Alexander Kondov](https://hackernoon.com/understanding-javascript-prototype-and-inheritance-d55a9a23bde2)
 * 📜 [Understanding Classes (ES5) and Prototypal Inheritance in JavaScript — Hridayesh Sharma](https://dev.to/_hridaysharma/understanding-classes-es5-and-prototypal-inheritance-in-javascript-n8d)
 * 📜 [prototype, __proto__ and Prototypal inheritance in JavaScript — Varun Dey](https://dev.to/varundey/prototype-proto-and-prototypal-inheritance-in-javascript-2inl)
 * 📜 [Prototypal Inheritance — JavaScript.Info](https://javascript.info/prototype-inheritance)
 * 📜 [How To Work with Prototypes and Inheritance in JavaScript — Tania Rascia](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/understanding-prototypes-and-inheritance-in-javascript)
 * 📜 [Master JavaScript Prototypes & Inheritance — Arnav Aggarwal](https://codeburst.io/master-javascript-prototypes-inheritance-d0a9a5a75c4e)
 * 📜 [You Don't Know JS [Book] Chapter 5: Prototypes — Kyle Simpson](https://github.com/getify/You-Dont-Know-JS/blob/master/this%20%26%20object%20prototypes/ch5.md)
 * 📜 [JavaScript’s Prototypal Inheritance Explained Using CSS — Nash Vail](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/understanding-prototypal-inheritance-in-javascript-with-css-93b2fcda75e4)
 * 📜 [Prototypal Inheritance in JavaScript — Jannis Redmann](https://gist.github.com/derhuerst/a585c4916b1c361cc6f0)
 * 📜 [Classical and Prototypical Inheritance in JavaScript — Danny Cornelisse](http://www.competa.com/blog/classical-prototypical-inheritance-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Demystifying ES6 Classes And Prototypal Inheritance ― Neo Ighodaro](https://scotch.io/tutorials/demystifying-es6-classes-and-prototypal-inheritance)
 * 📜 [Intro To Prototypal Inheritance — Dharani Jayakanthan](https://dev.to/danny/intro-to-prototypal-inheritance---js-9di)
 * 📜 [Classes in JavaScript - Explained — Daniel Li](http://blog.brew.com.hk/classes-in-javascript-explained/)
 * 📜 [You Don't Know JS: this & Object Prototypes — Kyle Simpson](https://github.com/getify/You-Dont-Know-JS/blob/master/this%20%26%20object%20prototypes/ch4.md)
 * 📜 [Let’s Build Prototypal Inheritance in JS — var-che](https://dev.to/varche/let-s-build-prototypal-inheritance-in-js-56mm)
 * 📜 [Objects, Prototypes and Classes in JavaScript — Atta](https://dev.to/attacomsian/objects-prototypes-and-classes-in-javascript-3i9b)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Prototypal Inheritance and Object Creation — Nick Shoup](https://dev.to/shoupn/javascript-prototypes-and-object-creation-2onh)
 * 📜 [The magical world of JavaScript prototypes — Belén](https://dev.to/ladybenko/the-magical-world-of-javascript-prototypes-1mhg)

### Videos

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 18. Object.create and Object.assign

### Articles

* 📜 [Object.create() — MDN](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/create)
 * 📜 [Object.create in JavaScript — Rupesh Mishra](https://hackernoon.com/object-create-in-javascript-fa8674df6ed2)
 * 📜 [Object.create(): the New Way to Create Objects in JavaScript — Rob Gravelle](https://www.htmlgoodies.com/beyond/javascript/object.create-the-new-way-to-create-objects-in-javascript.html)
 * 📜 [Basic Inheritance with Object.create — Joshua Clanton](http://adripofjavascript.com/blog/drips/basic-inheritance-with-object-create.html)
 * 📜 [Object.create() In JavaScript — GeeksforGeeks](https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/object-create-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Understanding the difference between Object.create() and the new operator — Jonathan Voxland](https://medium.com/@jonathanvox01/understanding-the-difference-between-object-create-and-the-new-operator-b2a2f4749358)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Object Creation: Patterns and Best Practices — Jeff Mott](https://www.sitepoint.com/javascript-object-creation-patterns-best-practises/)
 * 📜 [Dealing With Objects in JavaScript With Object.assign, Object.keys and hasOwnProperty](https://alligator.io/js/dealing-with-objects/)
 * 📜 [Copying Objects in JavaScript ― Orinami Olatunji](https://scotch.io/bar-talk/copying-objects-in-javascript)
 * 📜 [Object.assign() — MDN](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/assign)
 * 📜 [JavaScript: Object.assign() — Thiago S. Adriano](https://codeburst.io/javascript-object-assign-bc9696dcbb6e)
 * 📜 [How to deep clone a JavaScript Object — Flavio Copes](https://flaviocopes.com/how-to-clone-javascript-object/)
 * 📜 [Object Assignment vs. Primitive Assignment in JavaScript for Beginners — Nick Scialli](https://dev.to/nas5w/object-assignment-vs-primitive-assignment-in-javascript-for-beginners-2moi)

### Videos

* 🎥 [Object.assign() explained — Aaron Writes Code](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aw7NfYhR5rc)
 * 🎥 [Object.assign() Method — techsith](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Ky4X6inpi4)

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 19. map, reduce, filter

### Articles

* 📜 [JavaScript Functional Programming — map, filter and reduce — Bojan Gvozderac](https://medium.com/jsguru/javascript-functional-programming-map-filter-and-reduce-846ff9ba492d)
 * 📜 [Learn map, filter and reduce in Javascript — João Miguel Cunha](https://medium.com/@joomiguelcunha/learn-map-filter-and-reduce-in-javascript-ea59009593c4)
 * 📜 [JavaScript’s Map, Reduce, and Filter — Dan Martensen](https://danmartensen.svbtle.com/javascripts-map-reduce-and-filter)
 * 📜 [How to Use Map, Filter, & Reduce in JavaScript — Peleke Sengstacke](https://code.tutsplus.com/tutorials/how-to-use-map-filter-reduce-in-javascript--cms-26209)
 * 📜 [JavaScript — Learn to Chain Map, Filter, and Reduce — Brandon Morelli](https://codeburst.io/javascript-learn-to-chain-map-filter-and-reduce-acd2d0562cd4)
 * 📜 [Javascript data structure with map, reduce, filter and ES6 — Deepak Gupta](https://codeburst.io/write-beautiful-javascript-with-%CE%BB-fp-es6-350cd64ab5bf)
 * 📜 [Understanding map, filter and reduce in Javascript — Luuk Gruijs](https://hackernoon.com/understanding-map-filter-and-reduce-in-javascript-5df1c7eee464)
 * 📜 [Functional Programming in JS: map, filter, reduce (Pt. 5) — Omer Goldberg](https://hackernoon.com/functional-programming-in-js-map-filter-reduce-pt-5-308a205fdd5f)
 * 📜 [JavaScript: Map, Filter, Reduce — William S. Vincent](https://wsvincent.com/functional-javascript-map-filter-reduce/)
 * 📜 [Arrow Functions: Fat and Concise Syntax in JavaScript — Kyle Pennell](https://www.sitepoint.com/es6-arrow-functions-new-fat-concise-syntax-javascript/)
 * 📜 [JavaScript: Arrow Functions for Beginners — Brandon Morelli](https://codeburst.io/javascript-arrow-functions-for-beginners-926947fc0cdc)
 * 📜 [When (and why) you should use ES6 arrow functions — and when you shouldn’t — Cynthia Lee](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/when-and-why-you-should-use-es6-arrow-functions-and-when-you-shouldnt-3d851d7f0b26)
 * 📜 [JavaScript — Learn & Understand Arrow Functions — Brandon Morelli](https://codeburst.io/javascript-learn-understand-arrow-functions-fe2083533946)
 * 📜 [(JavaScript )=> Arrow functions — sigu](https://medium.com/podiihq/javascript-arrow-functions-27d4c3334b83)
 * 📜 [Javascript.reduce() — Paul Anderson](https://medium.com/@panderson.dev/javascript-reduce-79aab078da23)
 * 📜 [Why you should replace forEach with map and filter in JavaScript — Roope Hakulinen](https://gofore.com/en/why-you-should-replace-foreach/)
 * 📜 [Simplify your JavaScript – Use .map(), .reduce(), and .filter() — Etienne Talbot](https://medium.com/poka-techblog/simplify-your-javascript-use-map-reduce-and-filter-bd02c593cc2d)
 * 📜 [JavaScript’s Reduce Method Explained By Going On a Diet — Kevin Kononenko](https://blog.codeanalogies.com/2018/07/24/javascripts-reduce-method-explained-by-going-on-a-diet/)
 * 📜 [Difference between map, filter and reduce in JavaScript — Amirata Khodaparast](https://medium.com/@amiratak88/difference-between-map-filter-and-reduce-in-javascript-822ff79d5160)
 * 📜 [Map⇄Filter⇄Reduce↻ — ashay mandwarya](https://hackernoon.com/map-filter-reduce-ebbed4be4201)
 * 📜 [Finding Your Way With .map() — Brandon Wozniewicz](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/finding-your-way-with-map-aecb8ca038f6)
 * 📜 [How to write your own map, filter and reduce functions in JavaScript — Hemand Nair](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/how-to-write-your-own-map-filter-and-reduce-functions-in-javascript-ab1e35679d26)
 * 📜 [How to Manipulate Arrays in JavaScript — Bolaji Ayodeji](https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/manipulating-arrays-in-javascript/)
 * 📜 [How to simplify your codebase with map(), reduce(), and filter() in JavaScript — Alex Permyakov](https://itnext.io/15-useful-javascript-examples-of-map-reduce-and-filter-74cbbb5e0a1f)
 * 📜 [.map(), .filter(), and .reduce() — Andy Pickle](https://dev.to/pickleat/map-filter-and-reduce-2efb)
 * 📜 [Map/Filter/Reduce Crash Course — Chris Achard](https://dev.to/chrisachard/map-filter-reduce-crash-course-5gan)
 * 📜 [Map, Filter and Reduce – Animated — JavaScript Teacher](https://medium.com/@js_tut/map-filter-and-reduce-animated-7fe391a35a47)
 * 📜 [Map, Filter, Reduce and others Arrays Iterators You Must Know to Become an Algorithms Wizard — Mauro Bono](https://dev.to/uptheirons78/map-filter-reduce-and-others-arrays-iterators-you-must-know-to-become-an-algorithms-wizard-4209)
 * 📜 [How to Use JavaScript’s .map, .filter, and .reduce — Avery Duffin](https://medium.com/better-programming/how-to-javascripts-map-vs-filter-vs-reduce-80d87a5a0a24)

### Videos

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 20. Pure Functions, Side Effects and State Mutation

### Articles

* 📜 [Javascript and Functional Programming — Pure Functions — Omer Goldberg](https://hackernoon.com/javascript-and-functional-programming-pt-3-pure-functions-d572bb52e21c)
 * 📜 [Master the JavaScript Interview: What is a Pure Function? — Eric Elliott](https://medium.com/javascript-scene/master-the-javascript-interview-what-is-a-pure-function-d1c076bec976)
 * 📜 [JavaScript: What Are Pure Functions And Why Use Them? — James Jeffery](https://medium.com/@jamesjefferyuk/javascript-what-are-pure-functions-4d4d5392d49c)
 * 📜 [Pure functions in JavaScript — @nicoespeon](http://www.nicoespeon.com/en/2015/01/pure-functions-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Functional Programming: Pure Functions — Arne Brasseur](https://www.sitepoint.com/functional-programming-pure-functions/)
 * 📜 [Pure Functions In Javascript — Krunal](https://appdividend.com/2017/04/10/pure-functions-in-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Making your JavaScript Pure — Jack Franklin](https://alistapart.com/article/making-your-javascript-pure)
 * 📜 [To mutate, or not to mutate, in JavaScript](https://slemgrim.com/mutate-or-not-to-mutate/)
 * 📜 [Arrays, Objects and Mutations — Federico Knüssel](https://medium.com/@fknussel/arrays-objects-and-mutations-6b23348b54aa)
 * 📜 [The State of Immutability — Maciej Sikora](https://medium.com/dailyjs/the-state-of-immutability-169d2cd11310)
 * 📜 [How to deal with dirty side effects in your pure functional JavaScript — James Sinclair](https://jrsinclair.com/articles/2018/how-to-deal-with-dirty-side-effects-in-your-pure-functional-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Preventing Side Effects in JavaScript — David Walsh](https://davidwalsh.name/preventing-sideeffects-javascript)
 * 📜 [Wielding Pure Functions in JavaScript and Function Composition — Peleke Sengstacke
](https://scotch.io/tutorials/wielding-pure-functions-in-javascript-and-function-composition)
 * 📜 [JavaScript: Pure Functions — William S. Vincent](https://wsvincent.com/javascript-pure-functions/)
 * 📜 [Functional programming paradigms in modern JavaScript: Pure functions — Alexander Kondov](https://hackernoon.com/functional-programming-paradigms-in-modern-javascript-pure-functions-797d9abbee1)
 * 📜 [Understanding Javascript Mutation and Pure Functions — Chidume Nnamdi](https://blog.bitsrc.io/understanding-javascript-mutation-and-pure-functions-7231cc2180d3)
 * 📜 [Functional-ish JavaScript — Daniel Brain](https://medium.com/@bluepnume/functional-ish-javascript-205c05d0ed08)

### Videos

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 21. Closures

### Articles

* 📜 [Closures — MDN](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Closures)
 * 📜 [I never understood JavaScript closures — Olivier De Meulder](https://medium.com/dailyjs/i-never-understood-javascript-closures-9663703368e8)
 * 📜 [Closure — JavaScript.Info](https://javascript.info/closure)
 * 📜 [Understand JavaScript Closures With Ease — Richard Bovell](http://javascriptissexy.com/understand-javascript-closures-with-ease/)
 * 📜 [Understanding JavaScript Closures — Codesmith](https://codeburst.io/understanding-javascript-closures-da6aab330302)
 * 📜 [Understand Closures in JavaScript — Brandon Morelli](https://codeburst.io/understand-closures-in-javascript-d07852fa51e7)
 * 📜 [A simple guide to help you understand closures in JavaScript — Prashant Ram](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/javascript-closures-simplified-d0d23fa06ba4)
 * 📜 [Understanding JavaScript Closures: A Practical Approach — Paul Upendo](https://scotch.io/tutorials/understanding-javascript-closures-a-practical-approach)
 * 📜 [Understanding JavaScript: Closures — Alexander Kondov](https://hackernoon.com/understanding-javascript-closures-4188edf5ea1b)
 * 📜 [How to use JavaScript closures with confidence — Léna Faure](https://hackernoon.com/how-to-use-javascript-closures-with-confidence-85cd1f841a6b)
 * 📜 [JavaScript closures by example — tyler](https://howchoo.com/g/mge2mji2mtq/javascript-closures-by-example)
 * 📜 [JavaScript — Closures and Scope — Alex Aitken](https://codeburst.io/javascript-closures-and-scope-3784c75b9290)
 * 📜 [Discover the power of closures in JavaScript — Cristi Salcescu](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/discover-the-power-of-closures-in-javascript-5c472a7765d7)
 * 📜 [Simplified JavaScript: Getting Started with Closures — Code Like A Girl](https://code.likeagirl.io/simplified-javascript-getting-started-with-closures-f40f65317d00)
 * 📜 [The Ultimate Guide to Hoisting, Scopes, and Closures in JavaScript — Tyler McGinnis](https://tylermcginnis.com/ultimate-guide-to-execution-contexts-hoisting-scopes-and-closures-in-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Getting Closure — RealLifeJS](http://reallifejs.com/the-meat/getting-closure/)
 * 📜 [Understanding Closures in JavaScript — Sukhjinder Arora](https://blog.bitsrc.io/a-beginners-guide-to-closures-in-javascript-97d372284dda)
 * 📜 [A basic guide to Closures in JavaScript — Parathan Thiyagalingam](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/a-basic-guide-to-closures-in-javascript-9fc8b7e3463e)
 * 📜 [Closures: Using Memoization — Brian Barbour](https://dev.to/steelvoltage/closures-using-memoization-3597)
 * 📜 [A Brief Introduction to Closures and Lexical Scoping in JavaScript — Ashutosh K Singh
](https://medium.com/better-programming/a-brief-introduction-to-closures-and-lexical-scoping-in-javascript-8a5866496232)
 * 📜 [Demystify Closures — stereobooster](https://dev.to/stereobooster/demystify-closures-5g42)

### Videos

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 22. High Order Functions

### Articles

### Videos

* 🎥 [JavaScript Higher Order Functions & Arrays — Traversy Media](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rRgD1yVwIvE)
 * 🎥 [Higher Order Functions — Fun Fun Function](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BMUiFMZr7vk)
 * 🎥 [Higher Order Functions in Javascript — Raja Yogan](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dTlpYnmBW9I)
 * 🎥 [Higher Order Iterators in JavaScript — Fun Fun Function](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GYRMNp1SKXA)
 * 🎥 [Higher Order Functions in JavaScript — The Coding Train](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H4awPsyugS0)
 * 🎥 [Part 1: An Introduction to Callbacks and Higher Order Functions - Codesmith](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7E8ctomPQJw)
 * 🎥 [Part 2: Understanding Why We Need Higher Order Functions - Codesmith](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=28MXziDZkE4)

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 23. Recursion

### Articles

### Videos

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 24. Collections and Generators

### Articles

* 📜 [ES6 In Depth: Collections — Jason Orendorff](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2015/06/es6-in-depth-collections/)
 * 📜 [ES6 Collections: Using Map, Set, WeakMap, WeakSet — Kyle Pennell](https://www.sitepoint.com/es6-collections-map-set-weakmap-weakset/)
 * 📜 [ES6 WeakMaps, Sets, and WeakSets in Depth — Nicolás Bevacqua](https://ponyfoo.com/articles/es6-weakmaps-sets-and-weaksets-in-depth)
 * 📜 [Introduction to Sets in JavaScript — Alligator.io](https://alligator.io/js/sets-introduction/)
 * 📜 [Introduction to Maps in JavaScript — Alligator.io](https://alligator.io/js/maps-introduction/)
 * 📜 [Map, Set, WeakMap and WeakSet — JavaScript.Info](https://javascript.info/map-set-weakmap-weakset)
 * 📜 [Maps in ES6 - A Quick Guide — Ben Mildren](https://dev.to/mildrenben/maps-in-es6---a-quick-guide-35pk)
 * 📜 [ES6 — Set vs Array — What and when? — Maya Shavin](https://medium.com/front-end-hacking/es6-set-vs-array-what-and-when-efc055655e1a)
 * 📜 [ES6 — Map vs Object — What and when? — Maya Shavin](https://medium.com/front-end-hacking/es6-map-vs-object-what-and-when-b80621932373)
 * 📜 [ES6: Working with Sets in JavaScript — Dead Code Rising](http://www.deadcoderising.com/es6-working-with-sets-in-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Array vs Set vs Map vs Object — Real-time use cases in Javascript (ES6/ES7) — Rajesh Babu](https://codeburst.io/array-vs-set-vs-map-vs-object-real-time-use-cases-in-javascript-es6-47ee3295329b)
 * 📜 [How to create an array of unique values in JavaScript using Sets — Claire Parker-Jones](https://dev.to/claireparker/how-to-create-an-array-of-unique-values-in-javascript-using-sets-5dg6)
 * 📜 [What You Should Know About ES6 Maps — Just Chris](https://hackernoon.com/what-you-should-know-about-es6-maps-dc66af6b9a1e)
 * 📜 [ES6 Maps in Depth — Nicolás Bevacqua](https://ponyfoo.com/articles/es6-maps-in-depth)
 * 📜 [Generator — MDN web docs](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Generator)
 * 📜 [What are JavaScript Generators and how to use them — Vladislav Stepanov](https://codeburst.io/what-are-javascript-generators-and-how-to-use-them-c6f2713fd12e)
 * 📜 [Understanding JavaScript Generators With Examples  — Arfat Salman](https://codeburst.io/understanding-generators-in-es6-javascript-with-examples-6728834016d5)
 * 📜 [The Basics of ES6 Generators — Kyle Simpson](https://davidwalsh.name/es6-generators)
 * 📜 [Here's everything you'd want to know about ES2015+ generators — Lucas Chen](https://dev.to/parkroolucas/here-s-everything-you-d-want-to-know-about-es2015-generators-13an)

### Videos

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 25. Promises

### Articles

* 📜 [Promise — MDN](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Promises for Dummies ― Jecelyn Yeen](https://scotch.io/tutorials/javascript-promises-for-dummies)
 * 📜 [Understanding promises in JavaScript — Gokul N K](https://hackernoon.com/understanding-promises-in-javascript-13d99df067c1)
 * 📜 [Master the JavaScript Interview: What is a Promise? — Eric Elliott](https://medium.com/javascript-scene/master-the-javascript-interview-what-is-a-promise-27fc71e77261)
 * 📜 [An Overview of JavaScript Promises — Sandeep Panda](https://www.sitepoint.com/overview-javascript-promises/)
 * 📜 [How to use Promises in JavaScript — Prashant Ram](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/promises-in-javascript-explained-277b98850de)
 * 📜 [Implementing Promises In JavaScript — Maciej Cieslar](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/how-to-implement-promises-in-javascript-1ce2680a7f51)
 * 📜 [JavaScript: Promises explained with simple real life analogies — Shruti Kapoor](https://codeburst.io/javascript-promises-explained-with-simple-real-life-analogies-dd6908092138)
 * 📜 [Promises for Asynchronous Programming — Exploring JS](http://exploringjs.com/es6/ch_promises.html)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Promises Explained By Gambling At A Casino — Kevin Kononenko](https://blog.codeanalogies.com/2018/08/26/javascript-promises-explained-by-gambling-at-a-casino/)
 * 📜 [ES6 Promises: Patterns and Anti-Patterns — Bobby Brennan](https://medium.com/datafire-io/es6-promises-patterns-and-anti-patterns-bbb21a5d0918)
 * 📜 [A Simple Guide to ES6 Promises — Brandon Morelli](https://codeburst.io/a-simple-guide-to-es6-promises-d71bacd2e13a)
 * 📜 [The ES6 Promises — Manoj Singh Negi](https://codeburst.io/the-es6-promises-87a979ab27e4)
 * 📜 [ES6 Promises in Depth — Nicolás Bevacqua](https://ponyfoo.com/articles/es6-promises-in-depth)
 * 📜 [Playing with Javascript Promises: A Comprehensive Approach — Rajesh Babu](https://codeburst.io/playing-with-javascript-promises-a-comprehensive-approach-25ab752c78c3)
 * 📜 [How to Write a JavaScript Promise — Brandon Wozniewicz](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/how-to-write-a-javascript-promise-4ed8d44292b8)
 * 📜 [A Coding Writer’s Guide: An Introduction To ES6 Promises — Andrew Ly](https://medium.com/@andrewly07/a-coding-writers-guide-an-introduction-to-es6-promises-9ff9f9e88f6c)
 * 📜 [Asynchronous JavaScript | Callbacks | Closures | Promises — Full Stack Geek](https://dev.to/full_stackgeek/asynchronous-javascript-callbacks-closures-promises-353h)
 * 📜 [Understanding Promises in JavaScript — Chris Noring](https://dev.to/itnext/reverse-engineering-understand-promises-1jfc)
 * 📜 [Converting callbacks to promises — Zell Liew](https://dev.to/zellwk/converting-callbacks-to-promises-nhn)

### Videos

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---

## 26. async/await

### Articles

* 📜 [async/await — JavaScript.Info](https://javascript.info/async-await)
 * 📜 [Understanding async/await in Javascript — Gokul N K](https://hackernoon.com/understanding-async-await-in-javascript-1d81bb079b2c)
 * 📜 [Asynchronous Programming — Eloquent JavaScript](https://eloquentjavascript.net/11_async.html)
 * 📜 [Exploring Async/Await Functions in JavaScript — Alligator.io](https://alligator.io/js/async-functions/)
 * 📜 [Asynchronous Javascript using async/await — Joy Warugu](https://scotch.io/tutorials/asynchronous-javascript-using-async-await)
 * 📜 [Modern Asynchronous JavaScript with async/await — Flavio Copes](https://flaviocopes.com/javascript-async-await/)
 * 📜 [Asynchronous JavaScript: From Callback Hell to Async and Await — Demir Selmanovic](https://www.toptal.com/javascript/asynchronous-javascript-async-await-tutorial)
 * 📜 [Javascript — ES8 Introducing async/await Functions — Ben Garrison](https://medium.com/@_bengarrison/javascript-es8-introducing-async-await-functions-7a471ec7de8a)
 * 📜 [How to escape async/await hell — Aditya Agarwal](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/avoiding-the-async-await-hell-c77a0fb71c4c)
 * 📜 [Understanding JavaScript’s async await — Nicolás Bevacqua](https://ponyfoo.com/articles/understanding-javascript-async-await)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Async/Await: Serial, Parallel and Complex Flow — TechBrij](https://techbrij.com/javascript-async-await-parallel-sequence)
 * 📜 [Asynchronous Programming — Exploring JS](http://exploringjs.com/es6/ch_async.html)
 * 📜 [From JavaScript Promises to Async/Await: why bother? — Chris Nwamba](https://blog.pusher.com/promises-async-await/)
 * 📜 [Flow Control in Modern JS: Callbacks to Promises to Async/Await — Craig Buckler](https://www.sitepoint.com/flow-control-callbacks-promises-async-await/)
 * 📜 [JavaScript: Promises and Why Async/Await Wins the Battle — Nick Parsons](https://dzone.com/articles/javascript-promises-and-why-asyncawait-wins-the-ba)
 * 📜 [How To Master Async/Await With This Real World Example — Adrian Hajdin](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/how-to-master-async-await-with-this-real-world-example-19107e7558ad)
 * 📜 [How to improve your asynchronous Javascript code with async and await — Indrek Lasn](https://medium.freecodecamp.org/improve-your-asynchronous-javascript-code-with-async-and-await-c02fc3813eda)
 * 📜 [Making Fetches Easy With Async Await — Mickey Sheridan](https://medium.com/@micksheridan.24/making-fetches-easy-with-async-await-8a1246efa1f6)
 * 📜 [7 Reasons Why JavaScript Async/Await Is Better Than Plain Promises — Mostafa Gaafar](https://dev.to/gafi/7-reasons-to-always-use-async-await-over-plain-promises-tutorial-4ej9)
 * 📜 [Asynchronous Operations in JavaScript — Jscrambler(https://dev.to/jscrambler/asynchronous-operations-in-javascript-2p6b)
 * 📜 [Async/await: A slight design flaw. — Joey(https://dev.to/joeyhub/async-await-a-slight-design-flaw-2h2j)

### Videos

* 🎥 [Async + Await — Wes Bos](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9YkUCxvaLEk)
 * 🎥 [Asynchrony: Under the Hood — Shelley Vohr](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SrNQS8J67zc)
 * 🎥 [async/await in JavaScript - What, Why and How — Fun Fun Function](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=568g8hxJJp4&index=3&list=PL0zVEGEvSaeHJppaRLrqjeTPnCH6)
 * 🎥 [async/await Part 1 - Topics of JavaScript/ES8 — The Coding Train](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XO77Fib9tSI&index=3&list=PLRqwX-V7Uu6bKLPQvPRNNE65kBL62mVfx)
 * 🎥 [async/await Part 2 - Topics of JavaScript/ES8 — The Coding Train](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=chavThlNz3s&index=4&list=PLRqwX-V7Uu6bKLPQvPRNNE65kBL62mVfx)
  * 🎥 [Complete Guide to JS Async & Await ES2017/ES8 — Colt Steele](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=krAYA4rvbdA)

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 27. Data Structures

### Articles

* 📜 [Data Structures in JavaScript — Thon Ly](https://medium.com/siliconwat/data-structures-in-javascript-1b9aed0ea17c)
 * 📜 [Algorithms and Data Structures in JavaScript — Oleksii Trekhleb](https://itnext.io/algorithms-and-data-structures-in-javascript-a71548f902cb)
 * 📜 [Data Structures: Objects and Arrays ― Chris Nwamba](https://scotch.io/courses/10-need-to-know-javascript-concepts/data-structures-objects-and-arrays)
 * 📜 [Data structures in JavaScript — Benoit Vallon](http://blog.benoitvallon.com/data-structures-in-javascript/data-structures-in-javascript/)
 * 📜 [Playing with Data Structures in Javascript — Anish K.](https://blog.cloudboost.io/playing-with-data-structures-in-javascript-stack-a55ebe50f29d)
 * 📜 [The Little Guide of Queue in JavaScript — Germán Cutraro](https://hackernoon.com/the-little-guide-of-queue-in-javascript-4f67e79260d9)
 * 📜 [All algorithms writing with JavaScript in the book 'Algorithms Fourth Edition'](https://github.com/barretlee/algorithms)
 * 📜 [Collection of classic computer science paradigms in JavaScript](https://github.com/nzakas/computer-science-in-javascript)
 * 📜 [All the things you didn't know you wanted to know about data structures](https://github.com/jamiebuilds/itsy-bitsy-data-structures)

### Videos

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 28. Expensive Operation and Big O Notation

### Articles

### Videos

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 29. Algorithms

### Articles

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

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## 30. Inheritance, Polymorphism and Code Reuse

### Articles

* 📜 [Class inheritance, super — JavaScript.Info](https://javascript.info/class-inheritance)
 * 📜 [Inheritance in JavaScript — MDN](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Objects/Inheritance)
 * 📜 [Inheritance in JavaScript — Rupesh Mishra](https://hackernoon.com/inheritance-in-javascript-21d2b82ffa6f)
 * 📜 [Simple Inheritance with JavaScript — David Catuhe](https://www.sitepoint.com/simple-inheritance-javascript/)
 * 📜 [JavaScript — Inheritance, delegation patterns and Object linking — NC Patro](https://codeburst.io/javascript-inheritance-25fe61ab9f85)
 * 📜 [Object Oriented JavaScript: Polymorphism with examples — Knoldus Blogs](https://blog.knoldus.com/object-oriented-javascript-polymorphism-with-examples/)
 * 📜 [Program Like Proteus — A beginner’s guide to polymorphism in Javascript — Sam Galson](https://medium.com/yld-engineering-blog/program-like-proteus-a-beginners-guide-to-polymorphism-in-javascript-867bea7c8be2)
 * 📜 [Object-oriented JavaScript: A Deep Dive into ES6 Classes — Jeff Mott](https://www.sitepoint.com/object-oriented-javascript-deep-dive-es6-classes/)

### Videos

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

---

## 31. Design Patterns

### Articles

* 📜 [4 JavaScript Design Patterns You Should Know — Devan Patel](https://scotch.io/bar-talk/4-javascript-design-patterns-you-should-know)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Design Patterns – Beginner's Guide to Mobile Web Development — Soumyajit Pathak](https://medium.com/beginners-guide-to-mobile-web-development/javascript-design-patterns-25f0faaaa15)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Design Patterns — Akash Pal](https://medium.com/front-end-hacking/javascript-design-patterns-ed9d4c144c81)
 * 📜 [Javascript Design Patterns: What They Are & How To Use Them — Patrick Simpson](https://seesparkbox.com/foundry/javascript_design_patterns)
 * 📜 [JavaScript Design Patterns: Understanding Design Patterns in JavaScript - Sukhjinder Arora](https://blog.bitsrc.io/understanding-design-patterns-in-javascript-13345223f2dd)
 * 📜 [All the 23 (GoF) design patterns implemented in Javascript — Felipe Beline](https://github.com/fbeline/Design-Patterns-JS)
 * 📜 [Learning JavaScript Design Patterns — Addy Osmani ](https://addyosmani.com/resources/essentialjsdesignpatterns/book/)
 * 📜 [Design Patterns for Developers using JavaScript pt. I — Oliver Mensah](https://dev.to/omensah/design-patterns-for-developers-using-javascript----part-one--b3e)
 * 📜 [Design Patterns for Developers using JavaScript pt. II — Oliver Mensah](https://dev.to/omensah/design-patterns-for-developers-using-javascript---part-two--3p39)
 * 📜 [Design patterns in modern JavaScript development](https://levelup.gitconnected.com/design-patterns-in-modern-javascript-development-ec84d8be06ca)
 * 📜 [Understanding Design Patterns: Iterator using Dev.to and Medium social networks! — Carlos Caballero](https://dev.to/carlillo/understanding-design-patterns-iterator-using-dev-to-and-medium-social-networks-3bdd)

### Videos

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## 32. Partial Applications, Currying, Compose and Pipe

### Articles

### Videos

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**

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## 33. Clean Code

### Articles

### Videos
*  🎥 [JavaScript Pro Tips - Code This, NOT That](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mus_vwhTCq0)

**[⬆ Back to Top](#table-of-contents)**