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#note: <meta content='Story' property='bb:resource_type'>

import urllib2

import os

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

from urlparse import urljoin

class Spider:

links_to_crawl = []

crawled_links = []

ignored_links = ['/']

domain = 'http://bloomberg.com/'

#meta type = ('meta', {'property','bb:resource_type'})['content']=='Story'

# append all starting link to links_to_crawl

def __init__(self, url):

print 'Spider initialising...'

self.links_to_crawl.append(url)

# open input url and return html

def grab_html(self,url):

open_url = self.urllib2.urlopen(url)

open_url = urllib2.urlopen(url)

data = open_url.read()

open_url.close()

return data

# return title from input html for file naming and ensure

# no '/' present in title.

def get_title(self, data=''):

title_start = data.find('<title>')+7

title_end = data.find('</title>')-1

title = data[title_start:title_end]

title = title.translate(None, '/')

return title+".txt"

# return date from input html for file saving structure

def get_date(self, data=''):

soup = self.BeautifulSoup(data)

soup = BeautifulSoup(data)

# try statement to avoid error when meta tag combinations

# not found.

try:

date = soup.find('meta', {'name':'pubdate'})['content']

return date[:12] # !! only tested with bloomberg.com !!

# if there is no published date, return 'Other'

except TypeError:

return 'Other'

# if link is relative url return 'Rel' or

# if url is allowed domain return 'Abs', else False.

def url_type(self,url=''):

if url[0:4] != 'http':

return 'Rel'

elif url.find(self.domain) != -1:

return 'Abs'

else:

return False

# reconstruct relative url

def reconstruct_url(self, page='', rel=''):

print page #debug

print rel #debug

print self.urljoin(page, rel) #debug

print urljoin(page, rel) #debug

return self.urljoin(page, rel)

return urljoin(page, rel)

# get all links in input html and append to links_to_crawl

# unless in crawled_links or ignored_links

# if link is relative url reconstruct url and append to

# links_to_crawl, append relative url to ignored_links

def get_links(self, data=''):

soup = self.BeautifulSoup(data)

soup = BeautifulSoup(data)

for link in soup.find_all('a'):

# try statement to avoid error when finding

# <a> tags withou 'href'

try:

if link['href'] in self.ignored_links or self.crawled_links:

pass

else:

if self.url_type(link['href'])=='Rel':

reconstructed_link = self.reconstruct_url(self.domain, link['href']) #to change !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

self.links_to_crawl.append(reconstructed_link) # append reconstructed link to links_to_crawl

self.ignored_links.append(link['href']) # append original link to ignored_links

else:

self.links_to_crawl.append(link['href'])

except KeyError:

pass

# if directory exists do nothing

# if directory does not exist write directory

def ensure_dir(self, directory=''):

if self.os.path.exists(directory):

if os.path.exists(directory):

pass

else:

self.os.makedirs(directory)

os.makedirs(directory)

# ensure the html being saved is the type requested

# currently only compatible with 1 meta type

def ensure_meta_type(self, data=''):

soup = self.BeautifulSoup(data)

soup = BeautifulSoup(data)

try:

soup.find('meta', {'property':'bb:resource_type'})['content']=='Story'

print 'True'

return True

except TypeError:

print 'False'

return False

# save input html to txt file on mac os desktop and return

# absolute path to file

def save_html(self,data=''):

if self.ensure_meta_type(data):

print 'SAVING URL'

# allocate save path for file and ensure save path exists

save_path = self.os.path.abspath('/Users/sampeka/Desktop/Python Spider'+'/'+self.get_date(data))

save_path = os.path.abspath('/Users/sampeka/Desktop/Python Spider'+'/'+self.get_date(data))

self.ensure_dir(save_path)

# get file name and write file to absolute path

file_name = self.get_title(data)

absolute_path = save_path+'/'+file_name

opened_file = open(absolute_path,'w')

opened_file.write(data)

opened_file.close()

else:

pass

# crawl links_to_crawl and pop to crawled_links list

# if ValueError then pop to ignored_links

# except urllib2.URLError to avoid web crawler crawling

# non-url links

def crawl_links(self):

while len(self.links_to_crawl) > 0:

url = self.links_to_crawl[0]

print url

try:

data = self.grab_html(url)

self.get_links(data)

self.save_html(data)

self.crawled_links.append(self.links_to_crawl.pop(0))

except (ValueError, self.urllib2.URLError):

except (ValueError, urllib2.URLError):

self.ignored_links.append(self.links_to_crawl.pop(0))

print 'Spider finished.'

print 'Ignored links:'

print self.ignored_links

print 'Crawled links:'

print self.crawled_links

spider = Spider('http://www.bloomberg.com/news')

spider.crawl_links()

已保存差異

原始文本

開啟檔案

#note: <meta content='Story' property='bb:resource_type'>

import urllib2
import os
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from urlparse import urljoin

class Spider:

links_to_crawl = []
    crawled_links = []
    ignored_links = ['/']
    domain = 'http://bloomberg.com/'
    #meta type = ('meta', {'property','bb:resource_type'})['content']=='Story'

# append all starting link to links_to_crawl
    def __init__(self, url):
        print 'Spider initialising...'
        self.links_to_crawl.append(url)

# open input url and return html
    def grab_html(self,url):
        open_url = self.urllib2.urlopen(url)
        data = open_url.read()
        open_url.close()
        return data

# return title from input html for file naming and ensure
    # no '/' present in title.
    def get_title(self, data=''):
        title_start = data.find('<title>')+7
        title_end = data.find('</title>')-1
        title = data[title_start:title_end]
        title = title.translate(None, '/')
        return title+".txt"

# return date from input html for file saving structure
    def get_date(self, data=''):
        soup = self.BeautifulSoup(data)
        # try statement to avoid error when meta tag combinations
        # not found.
        try:
            date = soup.find('meta', {'name':'pubdate'})['content']
            return date[:12] # !! only tested with bloomberg.com !!
        # if there is no published date, return 'Other'
        except TypeError:
            return 'Other'

# if link is relative url return 'Rel' or 
    # if url is allowed domain return 'Abs', else False.
    def url_type(self,url=''):
        if url[0:4] != 'http':
            return 'Rel'
        elif url.find(self.domain) != -1:
            return 'Abs'
        else:
            return False

# reconstruct relative url
    def reconstruct_url(self, page='', rel=''):
        print page #debug
        print rel #debug
        print self.urljoin(page, rel) #debug
        return self.urljoin(page, rel)

# get all links in input html and append to links_to_crawl
    # unless in crawled_links or ignored_links
    # if link is relative url reconstruct url and append to 
    # links_to_crawl, append relative url to ignored_links
    def get_links(self, data=''):
        soup = self.BeautifulSoup(data) 
        for link in soup.find_all('a'):
            # try statement to avoid error when finding
            # <a> tags withou 'href'
            try:
                if link['href'] in self.ignored_links or self.crawled_links:
                    pass
                else:
                    if self.url_type(link['href'])=='Rel':
                        reconstructed_link = self.reconstruct_url(self.domain, link['href']) #to change !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
                        self.links_to_crawl.append(reconstructed_link) # append reconstructed link to links_to_crawl
                        self.ignored_links.append(link['href']) # append original link to ignored_links
                    else:
                        self.links_to_crawl.append(link['href'])
            except KeyError:
                pass

# if directory exists do nothing
    # if directory does not exist write directory
    def ensure_dir(self, directory=''):
        if self.os.path.exists(directory):
            pass
        else:
            self.os.makedirs(directory)

# ensure the html being saved is the type requested
    # currently only compatible with 1 meta type
    def ensure_meta_type(self, data=''):
        soup = self.BeautifulSoup(data)
        try:
            soup.find('meta', {'property':'bb:resource_type'})['content']=='Story'
            print 'True'
            return True
        except TypeError:
            print 'False'
            return False

# save input html to txt file on mac os desktop and return
    # absolute path to file
    def save_html(self,data=''):
        if self.ensure_meta_type(data):
            print 'SAVING URL'
            # allocate save path for file and ensure save path exists
            save_path = self.os.path.abspath('/Users/sampeka/Desktop/Python Spider'+'/'+self.get_date(data))
            self.ensure_dir(save_path)
            # get file name and write file to absolute path
            file_name = self.get_title(data)
            absolute_path = save_path+'/'+file_name
            opened_file = open(absolute_path,'w')
            opened_file.write(data)
            opened_file.close()
        else:
            pass

# crawl links_to_crawl and pop to crawled_links list
    # if ValueError then pop to ignored_links
    # except urllib2.URLError to avoid web crawler crawling
    # non-url links  
    def crawl_links(self):
        while len(self.links_to_crawl) > 0:
            url = self.links_to_crawl[0]
            print url
            try:
                data = self.grab_html(url)
                self.get_links(data)
                self.save_html(data)
                self.crawled_links.append(self.links_to_crawl.pop(0))
            except (ValueError, self.urllib2.URLError):
                self.ignored_links.append(self.links_to_crawl.pop(0))
        print 'Spider finished.'
        print 'Ignored links:'
        print self.ignored_links
        print 'Crawled links:'
        print self.crawled_links

spider = Spider('http://www.bloomberg.com/news')
spider.crawl_links()

更改後文本

開啟檔案

#note: <meta content='Story' property='bb:resource_type'>

import urllib2
import os
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from urlparse import urljoin

class Spider:

links_to_crawl = []
    crawled_links = []
    ignored_links = ['/']
    domain = 'http://bloomberg.com/'
    #meta type = ('meta', {'property','bb:resource_type'})['content']=='Story'

# append all starting link to links_to_crawl
    def __init__(self, url):
        print 'Spider initialising...'
        self.links_to_crawl.append(url)

# open input url and return html
    def grab_html(self,url):
        open_url = urllib2.urlopen(url)
        data = open_url.read()
        open_url.close()
        return data

# return date from input html for file saving structure
    def get_date(self, data=''):
        soup = BeautifulSoup(data)
        # try statement to avoid error when meta tag combinations
        # not found.
        try:
            date = soup.find('meta', {'name':'pubdate'})['content']
            return date[:12] # !! only tested with bloomberg.com !!
        # if there is no published date, return 'Other'
        except TypeError:
            return 'Other'

# reconstruct relative url
    def reconstruct_url(self, page='', rel=''):
        print page #debug
        print rel #debug
        print urljoin(page, rel) #debug
        return urljoin(page, rel)

# get all links in input html and append to links_to_crawl
    # unless in crawled_links or ignored_links
    # if link is relative url reconstruct url and append to 
    # links_to_crawl, append relative url to ignored_links
    def get_links(self, data=''):
        soup = BeautifulSoup(data)
        for link in soup.find_all('a'):
            # try statement to avoid error when finding
            # <a> tags withou 'href'
            try:
                if link['href'] in self.ignored_links or self.crawled_links:
                    pass
                else:
                    if self.url_type(link['href'])=='Rel':
                        reconstructed_link = self.reconstruct_url(self.domain, link['href']) #to change !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
                        self.links_to_crawl.append(reconstructed_link) # append reconstructed link to links_to_crawl
                        self.ignored_links.append(link['href']) # append original link to ignored_links
                    else:
                        self.links_to_crawl.append(link['href'])
            except KeyError:
                pass

# if directory exists do nothing
    # if directory does not exist write directory
    def ensure_dir(self, directory=''):
        if os.path.exists(directory):
            pass
        else:
            os.makedirs(directory)

# ensure the html being saved is the type requested
    # currently only compatible with 1 meta type
    def ensure_meta_type(self, data=''):
        soup = BeautifulSoup(data)
        try:
            soup.find('meta', {'property':'bb:resource_type'})['content']=='Story'
            print 'True'
            return True
        except TypeError:
            print 'False'
            return False

# save input html to txt file on mac os desktop and return
    # absolute path to file
    def save_html(self,data=''):
        if self.ensure_meta_type(data):
            print 'SAVING URL'
            # allocate save path for file and ensure save path exists
            save_path = os.path.abspath('/Users/sampeka/Desktop/Python Spider'+'/'+self.get_date(data))
            self.ensure_dir(save_path)
            # get file name and write file to absolute path
            file_name = self.get_title(data)
            absolute_path = save_path+'/'+file_name
            opened_file = open(absolute_path,'w')
            opened_file.write(data)
            opened_file.close()
        else:
            pass

# crawl links_to_crawl and pop to crawled_links list
    # if ValueError then pop to ignored_links
    # except urllib2.URLError to avoid web crawler crawling
    # non-url links  
    def crawl_links(self):
        while len(self.links_to_crawl) > 0:
            url = self.links_to_crawl[0]
            print url
            try:
                data = self.grab_html(url)
                self.get_links(data)
                self.save_html(data)
                self.crawled_links.append(self.links_to_crawl.pop(0))
            except (ValueError, urllib2.URLError):
                self.ignored_links.append(self.links_to_crawl.pop(0))
        print 'Spider finished.'
        print 'Ignored links:'
        print self.ignored_links
        print 'Crawled links:'
        print self.crawled_links

spider = Spider('http://www.bloomberg.com/news')
spider.crawl_links()