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// Distributed under the MIT/X11 software license, see the accompanying

// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.

#include "alert.h"

#include "checkpoints.h"

#include "db.h"

#include "txdb.h"

#include "net.h"

#include "init.h"

#include "ui_interface.h"

#include "kernel.h"

#include "scrypt_mine.h"

#include <boost/algorithm/string/replace.hpp>

#include <boost/filesystem.hpp>

#include <boost/filesystem/fstream.hpp>

#include <boost/random/mersenne_twister.hpp>

#include <boost/random/uniform_int_distribution.hpp>

using namespace std;

using namespace boost;

// Global state

CCriticalSection cs_setpwalletRegistered;

set<CWallet*> setpwalletRegistered;

CCriticalSection cs_main;

CTxMemPool mempool;

unsigned int nTransactionsUpdated = 0;

map<uint256, CBlockIndex*> mapBlockIndex;

set<pair<COutPoint, unsigned int> > setStakeSeen;

uint256 hashGenesisBlock = hashGenesisBlockOfficial;

static CBigNum bnProofOfWorkLimit(~uint256(0) >> 20);

static CBigNum bnProofOfStakeLimit(~uint256(0) >> 24);

static CBigNum bnProofOfStakeLimit(~uint256(0) >> 20);

static CBigNum bnProofOfStakeHardLimit(~uint256(0) >> 30);

static CBigNum bnProofOfWorkLimitTestNet(~uint256(0) >> 16);

static CBigNum bnProofOfWorkLimitTestNet(~uint256(0) >> 20);

static CBigNum bnProofOfStakeLimitTestNet(~uint256(0) >> 20);

unsigned int nStakeMinAge = 60 * 60 * 24 * 10; // minimum age for coin age - 10 days

unsigned int nStakeMinAge = 60 * 60 * 8; // time at which weight begins to build

unsigned int nStakeMaxAge = 60 * 60 * 24 * 30; // stake age of full weight - 30 days

unsigned int nStakeMinAgeV2 = 60 * 60 * 24 * 88 / 10; // functionally the minimum age is 8.8 days

unsigned int nStakeTargetSpacing = 1 * 30; // 1-minute block spacing

unsigned int nStakeMaxAge = 60 * 60 * 24 * 30; // stake age of full weight: -1

int64_t nChainStartTime = 1371910049;

unsigned int nStakeTargetSpacing = 90; // 90 sec block spacing

int nCoinbaseMaturity = 5;

int64 nChainStartTime = 1399495660;

int nCoinbaseMaturity = 10;

CBlockIndex* pindexGenesisBlock = NULL;

int nBestHeight = -1;

uint256 nBestChainTrust = 0;

CBigNum bnBestChainTrust = 0;

uint256 nBestInvalidTrust = 0;

CBigNum bnBestInvalidTrust = 0;

uint256 hashBestChain = 0;

CBlockIndex* pindexBest = NULL;

int64_t nTimeBestReceived = 0;

int64 nTimeBestReceived = 0;

bool fHaveGUI = false;

bool fImporting = false; //Tranz need to fix this 66b02c93

bool fReindex = false; // Tranz need to fix this 7fea4846

CMedianFilter<int> cPeerBlockCounts(5, 0); // Amount of blocks that other nodes claim to have

map<uint256, CBlock*> mapOrphanBlocks;

multimap<uint256, CBlock*> mapOrphanBlocksByPrev;

set<pair<COutPoint, unsigned int> > setStakeSeenOrphan;

map<uint256, uint256> mapProofOfStake;

map<uint256, CTransaction> mapOrphanTransactions;

map<uint256, CDataStream*> mapOrphanTransactions;

map<uint256, set<uint256> > mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev;

map<uint256, map<uint256, CDataStream*> > mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev;

map<unsigned int, unsigned int> mapHashedBlocks;

map<std::string, std::pair<int, int> > mapGetBlocksRequests;

std::map <std::string, int> mapPeerRejectedBlocks;

bool fStrictProtocol = false;

bool fStrictIncoming = false;

// Constant stuff for coinbase transactions we create:

CScript COINBASE_FLAGS;

const string strMessageMagic = "HoboNickels Signed Message:\n";

const string strMessageMagic = "HyperStake Signed Message:\n";

double dHashesPerSec;

int64_t nHPSTimerStart;

int64 nHPSTimerStart;

// Settings

int64_t nTransactionFee = MIN_TX_FEE;

int64 nTransactionFee = MIN_TX_FEE;

int64_t nMinimumInputValue = MIN_TX_FEE;

int64_t nSplitThreshold = GetProofOfWorkReward();

int64_t nCombineThreshold = GetProofOfWorkReward() * 2;

extern enum Checkpoints::CPMode CheckpointsMode;

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// dispatching functions

// These functions dispatch to one or all registered wallets

void RegisterWallet(CWallet* pwalletIn)

{

LOCK(cs_setpwalletRegistered);

setpwalletRegistered.insert(pwalletIn);

}

void UnregisterWallet(CWallet* pwalletIn)

{

LOCK(cs_setpwalletRegistered);

setpwalletRegistered.erase(pwalletIn);

}

void UnregisterAllWallets()

{

LOCK(cs_setpwalletRegistered);

setpwalletRegistered.clear();

Text moved to lines 798-800

}

// check whether the passed transaction is from us

bool static IsFromMe(CTransaction& tx)

{

BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)

LOCK(cs_setpwalletRegistered);

if (pwallet->IsFromMe(tx))

BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)

return true;

if (pwallet->IsFromMe(tx))

return false;

return true;

}

return false;

}

// get the wallet transaction with the given hash (if it exists)

bool static GetTransaction(const uint256& hashTx, CWalletTx& wtx)

{

BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)

LOCK(cs_setpwalletRegistered);

if (pwallet->GetTransaction(hashTx,wtx))

BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)

return true;

if (pwallet->GetTransaction(hashTx,wtx))

return false;

return true;

}

return false;

}

// erases transaction with the given hash from all wallets

void static EraseFromWallets(uint256 hash)

{

BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)

pwallet->EraseFromWallet(hash);

}

// make sure all wallets know about the given transaction, in the given block

void SyncWithWallets(const CTransaction& tx, const CBlock* pblock, bool fUpdate, bool fConnect)

{

if (!fConnect)

{

// ppcoin: wallets need to refund inputs when disconnecting coinstake

if (tx.IsCoinStake())

{

LOCK(cs_setpwalletRegistered);

BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)

if (pwallet->IsFromMe(tx))

pwallet->DisableTransaction(tx);

}

return;

}

{

BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)

LOCK(cs_setpwalletRegistered);

pwallet->AddToWalletIfInvolvingMe(tx, pblock, fUpdate);

BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)

pwallet->AddToWalletIfInvolvingMe(tx, pblock, fUpdate);

}

// Add wallet transactions that aren't already in a block to mapTransactions

void ReacceptWalletTransactions()

{

LOCK(cs_setpwalletRegistered);

BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)

pwallet->ReacceptWalletTransactions();

}

// notify wallets about a new best chain

void static SetBestChain(const CBlockLocator& loc)

{

BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)

LOCK(cs_setpwalletRegistered);

pwallet->SetBestChain(loc);

BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)

pwallet->SetBestChain(loc);

}

// notify wallets about an updated transaction

void static UpdatedTransaction(const uint256& hashTx)

{

BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)

LOCK(cs_setpwalletRegistered);

pwallet->UpdatedTransaction(hashTx);

BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)

pwallet->UpdatedTransaction(hashTx);

}

// dump all wallets

void static PrintWallets(const CBlock& block)

{

BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)

LOCK(cs_setpwalletRegistered);

pwallet->PrintWallet(block);

BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)

pwallet->PrintWallet(block);

}

// notify wallets about an incoming inventory (for request counts)

void static Inventory(const uint256& hash)

{

BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)

LOCK(cs_setpwalletRegistered);

pwallet->Inventory(hash);

BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)

pwallet->Inventory(hash);

}

// ask wallets to resend their transactions

void ResendWalletTransactions(bool fForce)

void ResendWalletTransactions()

{

LOCK(cs_setpwalletRegistered);

BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)

pwallet->ResendWalletTransactions(fForce);

}

Text moved with changes to lines 712-717 (84.2% similarity)

}

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// Registration of network node signals.

namespace {

// Maintain validation-specific state about nodes, protected by cs_main, instead

// by CNode's own locks. This simplifies asynchronous operation, where

// processing of incoming data is done after the ProcessMessage call returns,

// and we're no longer holding the node's locks.

struct CNodeState {

// Accumulated misbehaviour score for this peer.

int nMisbehavior;

// Whether this peer should be disconnected and banned.

bool fShouldBan;

// String name of this peer (debugging/logging purposes).

std::string name;

CNodeState() {

nMisbehavior = 0;

fShouldBan = false;

}

};

map<NodeId, CNodeState> mapNodeState;

// Requires cs_main. (Tranz Locks removed for now due to deadlock)

CNodeState *State(NodeId pnode) {

map<NodeId, CNodeState>::iterator it = mapNodeState.find(pnode);

if (it == mapNodeState.end())

return NULL;

return &it->second;

}

int GetHeight()

{

return nBestHeight;

}

void InitializeNode(NodeId nodeid, const CNode *pnode) {

CNodeState &state = mapNodeState.insert(std::make_pair(nodeid, CNodeState())).first->second;

state.name = pnode->addrName;

}

void FinalizeNode(NodeId nodeid) {

mapNodeState.erase(nodeid);

}

bool GetNodeStateStats(NodeId nodeid, CNodeStateStats &stats) {

CNodeState *state = State(nodeid);

if (state == NULL)

return false;

stats.nMisbehavior = state->nMisbehavior;

Text moved to lines 693-695

return true;

}

void RegisterNodeSignals(CNodeSignals& nodeSignals)

{

nodeSignals.GetHeight.connect(&GetHeight);

nodeSignals.ProcessMessages.connect(&ProcessMessages);

nodeSignals.SendMessages.connect(&SendMessages);

nodeSignals.InitializeNode.connect(&InitializeNode);

nodeSignals.FinalizeNode.connect(&FinalizeNode);

}

void UnregisterNodeSignals(CNodeSignals& nodeSignals)

{

nodeSignals.GetHeight.disconnect(&GetHeight);

BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)

nodeSignals.ProcessMessages.disconnect(&ProcessMessages);

pwallet->ResendWalletTransactions();

nodeSignals.SendMessages.disconnect(&SendMessages);

nodeSignals.InitializeNode.disconnect(&InitializeNode);

nodeSignals.FinalizeNode.disconnect(&FinalizeNode);

}

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// mapOrphanTransactions

bool AddOrphanTx(const CTransaction& tx)

bool AddOrphanTx(const CDataStream& vMsg)

{

CTransaction tx;

CDataStream(vMsg) >> tx;

uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();

if (mapOrphanTransactions.count(hash))

return false;

CDataStream* pvMsg = new CDataStream(vMsg);

// Ignore big transactions, to avoid a

// send-big-orphans memory exhaustion attack. If a peer has a legitimate

// large transaction with a missing parent then we assume

// it will rebroadcast it later, after the parent transaction(s)

// have been mined or received.

// 10,000 orphans, each of which is at most 5,000 bytes big is

// at most 500 megabytes of orphans:

if (pvMsg->size() > 5000)

size_t nSize = tx.GetSerializeSize(SER_NETWORK, CTransaction::CURRENT_VERSION);

if (nSize > 5000)

{

LogPrint("mempool", "ignoring large orphan tx (size: %u, hash: %s)\n", nSize, hash.ToString().substr(0,10));

printf("ignoring large orphan tx (size: %"PRIszu", hash: %s)\n", pvMsg->size(), hash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());

delete pvMsg;

return false;

}

mapOrphanTransactions[hash] = tx;

mapOrphanTransactions[hash] = pvMsg;

BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin)

mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev[txin.prevout.hash].insert(hash);

mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev[txin.prevout.hash].insert(make_pair(hash, pvMsg));

LogPrint("mempool", "stored orphan tx %s (mapsz %u)\n", hash.ToString().substr(0,10),

printf("stored orphan tx %s (mapsz %"PRIszu")\n", hash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str(),

mapOrphanTransactions.size());

return true;

}

void static EraseOrphanTx(uint256 hash)

{

if (!mapOrphanTransactions.count(hash))

return;

const CTransaction& tx = mapOrphanTransactions[hash];

const CDataStream* pvMsg = mapOrphanTransactions[hash];

CTransaction tx;

CDataStream(*pvMsg) >> tx;

BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin)

{

mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev[txin.prevout.hash].erase(hash);

if (mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev[txin.prevout.hash].empty())

mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev.erase(txin.prevout.hash);

}

delete pvMsg;

mapOrphanTransactions.erase(hash);

}

unsigned int LimitOrphanTxSize(unsigned int nMaxOrphans)

{

unsigned int nEvicted = 0;

while (mapOrphanTransactions.size() > nMaxOrphans)

{

// Evict a random orphan:

uint256 randomhash = GetRandHash();

map<uint256, CTransaction>::iterator it = mapOrphanTransactions.lower_bound(randomhash);

map<uint256, CDataStream*>::iterator it = mapOrphanTransactions.lower_bound(randomhash);

if (it == mapOrphanTransactions.end())

it = mapOrphanTransactions.begin();

EraseOrphanTx(it->first);

++nEvicted;

}

return nEvicted;

}

Text moved to lines 749-752

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// CTransaction and CTxIndex

bool CTransaction::ReadFromDisk(CTxDB& txdb, COutPoint prevout, CTxIndex& txindexRet)

{

SetNull();

if (!txdb.ReadTxIndex(prevout.hash, txindexRet))

return false;

if (!ReadFromDisk(txindexRet.pos))

return false;

if (prevout.n >= vout.size())

{

SetNull();

return false;

}

return true;

}

bool CTransaction::ReadFromDisk(CTxDB& txdb, COutPoint prevout)

{

CTxIndex txindex;

return ReadFromDisk(txdb, prevout, txindex);

}

bool CTransaction::ReadFromDisk(COutPoint prevout)

{

CTxDB txdb("r");

CTxIndex txindex;

return ReadFromDisk(txdb, prevout, txindex);

}

bool IsStandardTx(const CTransaction& tx)

bool CTransaction::IsStandard() const

{

if (tx.nVersion > CTransaction::CURRENT_VERSION)

if (nVersion > CTransaction::CURRENT_VERSION)

return false;

// Treat non-final transactions as non-standard to prevent a specific type

// of double-spend attack, as well as DoS attacks. (if the transaction

// can't be mined, the attacker isn't expending resources broadcasting it)

// Basically we don't want to propagate transactions that can't included in

// the next block.

// However, IsFinalTx() is confusing... Without arguments, it uses

// chainActive.Height() to evaluate nLockTime; when a block is accepted, chainActive.Height()

// is set to the value of nHeight in the block. However, when IsFinalTx()

// is called within CBlock::AcceptBlock(), the height of the block *being*

// evaluated is what is used. Thus if we want to know if a transaction can

// be part of the *next* block, we need to call IsFinalTx() with one more

// than chainActive.Height().

// Timestamps on the other hand don't get any special treatment, because we

// can't know what timestamp the next block will have, and there aren't

// timestamp applications where it matters.

if (!IsFinalTx(tx, nBestHeight + 1)) {

return false;

}

// nTime has different purpose from nLockTime but can be used in similar attacks

if (tx.nTime > FutureDrift(GetAdjustedTime())) {

return false;

}

// Extremely large transactions with lots of inputs can cost the network

// almost as much to process as they cost the sender in fees, because

// computing signature hashes is O(ninputs*txsize). Limiting transactions

// to MAX_STANDARD_TX_SIZE mitigates CPU exhaustion attacks.

unsigned int sz = tx.GetSerializeSize(SER_NETWORK, CTransaction::CURRENT_VERSION);

if (sz >= MAX_STANDARD_TX_SIZE)

return false;

BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, vin)

BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin)

{

// Biggest 'standard' txin is a 3-signature 3-of-3 CHECKMULTISIG

// pay-to-script-hash, which is 3 ~80-byte signatures, 3

// ~65-byte public keys, plus a few script ops.

if (txin.scriptSig.size() > 500)

return false;

if (!txin.scriptSig.IsPushOnly())

return false;

if (!txin.scriptSig.HasCanonicalPushes())

return false;

}

BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxOut& txout, vout) {

unsigned int nDataOut = 0;

if (!::IsStandard(txout.scriptPubKey))

txnouttype whichType;

BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxOut& txout, tx.vout) {

if (!::IsStandard(txout.scriptPubKey, whichType))

return false;

if (whichType == TX_NULL_DATA)

nDataOut++;

if (txout.nValue == 0)

return false;

if (!txout.scriptPubKey.HasCanonicalPushes())

return false;

}

// only one OP_RETURN txout is permitted

if (nDataOut > 1) {

return false;

}

return true;

}

bool IsFinalTx(const CTransaction &tx, int nBlockHeight, int64_t nBlockTime)

{

AssertLockHeld(cs_main);

// Time based nLockTime implemented in 0.1.6

if (tx.nLockTime == 0)

return true;

if (nBlockHeight == 0)

nBlockHeight = nBestHeight;

if (nBlockTime == 0)

nBlockTime = GetAdjustedTime();

if ((int64_t)tx.nLockTime < ((int64_t)tx.nLockTime < LOCKTIME_THRESHOLD ? (int64_t)nBlockHeight : nBlockTime))

return true;

BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin)

if (!txin.IsFinal())

return false;

return true;

}

// Check transaction inputs, and make sure any

// pay-to-script-hash transactions are evaluating IsStandard scripts

// Why bother? To avoid denial-of-service attacks; an attacker

// can submit a standard HASH... OP_EQUAL transaction,

// which will get accepted into blocks. The redemption

// script can be anything; an attacker could use a very

// expensive-to-check-upon-redemption script like:

// DUP CHECKSIG DROP ... repeated 100 times... OP_1

bool CTransaction::AreInputsStandard(const MapPrevTx& mapInputs) const

{

if (IsCoinBase())

return true; // Coinbases don't use vin normally

for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vin.size(); i++)

{

const CTxOut& prev = GetOutputFor(vin[i], mapInputs);

vector<vector<unsigned char> > vSolutions;

txnouttype whichType;

// get the scriptPubKey corresponding to this input:

const CScript& prevScript = prev.scriptPubKey;

if (!Solver(prevScript, whichType, vSolutions))

return false;

int nArgsExpected = ScriptSigArgsExpected(whichType, vSolutions);

if (nArgsExpected < 0)

return false;

// Transactions with extra stuff in their scriptSigs are

// non-standard. Note that this EvalScript() call will

// be quick, because if there are any operations

// beside "push data" in the scriptSig the

// IsStandard() call returns false

vector<vector<unsigned char> > stack;

if (!EvalScript(stack, vin[i].scriptSig, *this, i, 0))

return false;

if (whichType == TX_SCRIPTHASH)

{

if (stack.empty())

return false;

CScript subscript(stack.back().begin(), stack.back().end());

vector<vector<unsigned char> > vSolutions2;

txnouttype whichType2;

if (!Solver(subscript, whichType2, vSolutions2))

return false;

if (whichType2 == TX_SCRIPTHASH)

return false;

int tmpExpected;

tmpExpected = ScriptSigArgsExpected(whichType2, vSolutions2);

if (tmpExpected < 0)

return false;

nArgsExpected += tmpExpected;

}

if (stack.size() != (unsigned int)nArgsExpected)

return false;

}

return true;

}

unsigned int

CTransaction::GetLegacySigOpCount() const

{

unsigned int nSigOps = 0;

BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, vin)

{

nSigOps += txin.scriptSig.GetSigOpCount(false);

}

BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxOut& txout, vout)

{

nSigOps += txout.scriptPubKey.GetSigOpCount(false);

}

return nSigOps;

}

int CMerkleTx::SetMerkleBranch(const CBlock* pblock)

{

AssertLockHeld(cs_main);

if (fClient)

CBlock blockTmp;

if (pblock == NULL)

{

// Load the block this tx is in

if (hashBlock == 0)

CTxIndex txindex;

if (!CTxDB("r").ReadTxIndex(GetHash(), txindex))

return 0;

if (!blockTmp.ReadFromDisk(txindex.pos.nFile, txindex.pos.nBlockPos))

return 0;

pblock = &blockTmp;

}

else

{

CBlock blockTmp;

if (pblock == NULL)

{

// Load the block this tx is in

CTxIndex txindex;

if (!CTxDB("r").ReadTxIndex(GetHash(), txindex))

return 0;

if (!blockTmp.ReadFromDisk(txindex.pos.nFile, txindex.pos.nBlockPos))

return 0;

pblock = &blockTmp;

}

// Update the tx's hashBlock

hashBlock = pblock->GetHash();

// Locate the transaction

for (nIndex = 0; nIndex < (int)pblock->vtx.size(); nIndex++)

if (pblock->vtx[nIndex] == *(CTransaction*)this)

break;

if (nIndex == (int)pblock->vtx.size())

{

vMerkleBranch.clear();

nIndex = -1;

LogPrintf("ERROR: SetMerkleBranch() : couldn't find tx in block\n");

printf("ERROR: SetMerkleBranch() : couldn't find tx in block\n");

return 0;

}

// Fill in merkle branch

vMerkleBranch = pblock->GetMerkleBranch(nIndex);

}

// Fill in merkle branch

vMerkleBranch = pblock->GetMerkleBranch(nIndex);

// Is the tx in a block that's in the main chain

map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.find(hashBlock);

if (mi == mapBlockIndex.end())

return 0;

CBlockIndex* pindex = (*mi).second;

if (!pindex || !pindex->IsInMainChain())

return 0;

return pindexBest->nHeight - pindex->nHeight + 1;

}

bool CTransaction::CheckTransaction() const

{

// Basic checks that don't depend on any context

if (vin.empty())

return DoS(10, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : vin empty"));

if (vout.empty())

return DoS(10, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : vout empty"));

// Time (prevent mempool memory exhaustion attack)

if (nTime > GetAdjustedTime() + nMaxClockDrift)

return DoS(10, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : timestamp is too far into the future"));

// Size limits

if (::GetSerializeSize(*this, SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION) > MAX_BLOCK_SIZE)

return DoS(100, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : size limits failed"));

// Check for negative or overflow output values

int64_t nValueOut = 0;

int64 nValueOut = 0;

for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vout.size(); i++)

{

const CTxOut& txout = vout[i];

if (txout.IsEmpty() && !IsCoinBase() && !IsCoinStake())

return DoS(100, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : txout empty for user transaction"));

// ppcoin: enforce minimum output amount

if ((!txout.IsEmpty()) && txout.nValue < MIN_TXOUT_AMOUNT)

return DoS(100, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : txout.nValue below minimum"));

if (txout.nValue < 0)

return DoS(100, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : txout.nValue is negative"));

if (txout.nValue > MAX_MONEY)

return DoS(100, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : txout.nValue too high"));

nValueOut += txout.nValue;

if (!MoneyRange(nValueOut))

return DoS(100, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : txout total out of range"));

}

// Check for duplicate inputs

set<COutPoint> vInOutPoints;

BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, vin)

{

if (vInOutPoints.count(txin.prevout))

return false;

vInOutPoints.insert(txin.prevout);

}

if (IsCoinBase())

{

if (vin[0].scriptSig.size() < 2 || vin[0].scriptSig.size() > 100)

return DoS(100, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : coinbase script size"));

}

else

{

BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, vin)

if (txin.prevout.IsNull())

return DoS(10, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : prevout is null"));

}

return true;

}

int64_t CTransaction::GetMinFee(unsigned int nBlockSize, bool fAllowFree,

int64 CTransaction::GetMinFee(unsigned int nBlockSize, bool fAllowFree,

enum GetMinFee_mode mode, unsigned int nBytes) const

{

// Base fee is either MIN_TX_FEE or MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE

int64_t nBaseFee = (mode == GMF_RELAY) ? MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE : MIN_TX_FEE;

int64 nBaseFee = (mode == GMF_RELAY) ? MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE : MIN_TX_FEE;

unsigned int nNewBlockSize = nBlockSize + nBytes;

int64_t nMinFee = (1 + (int64_t)nBytes / 1000) * nBaseFee;

int64 nMinFee = (1 + (int64)nBytes / 1000) * nBaseFee;

// To limit dust spam, require MIN_TX_FEE/MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE if any output is less than 0.01

if (nMinFee < nBaseFee)

{

BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxOut& txout, vout)

if (txout.nValue < CENT)

nMinFee = nBaseFee;

}

// Raise the price as the block approaches full

if (nBlockSize != 1 && nNewBlockSize >= MAX_BLOCK_SIZE_GEN/2)

{

if (nNewBlockSize >= MAX_BLOCK_SIZE_GEN)

return MAX_MONEY;

nMinFee *= MAX_BLOCK_SIZE_GEN / (MAX_BLOCK_SIZE_GEN - nNewBlockSize);

}

if (!MoneyRange(nMinFee))

nMinFee = MAX_MONEY;

return nMinFee;

return max(nMinFee, MIN_TX_FEE);

}

bool AcceptToMemoryPool(CTxMemPool& pool, CTransaction &tx,

bool CTxMemPool::accept(CTxDB& txdb, CTransaction &tx, bool fCheckInputs,

bool* pfMissingInputs)

{

AssertLockHeld(cs_main);

if (pfMissingInputs)

*pfMissingInputs = false;

if (!tx.CheckTransaction())

return error("AcceptToMemoryPool : CheckTransaction failed");

return error("CTxMemPool::accept() : CheckTransaction failed");

// Coinbase is only valid in a block, not as a loose transaction

if (tx.IsCoinBase())

return tx.DoS(100, error("AcceptToMemoryPool : coinbase as individual tx"));

return tx.DoS(100, error("CTxMemPool::accept() : coinbase as individual tx"));

// ppcoin: coinstake is also only valid in a block, not as a loose transaction

if (tx.IsCoinStake())

return tx.DoS(100, error("AcceptToMemoryPool : coinstake as individual tx"));

return tx.DoS(100, error("CTxMemPool::accept() : coinstake as individual tx"));

// To help v0.1.5 clients who would see it as a negative number

if ((int64)tx.nLockTime > std::numeric_limits<int>::max())

return error("CTxMemPool::accept() : not accepting nLockTime beyond 2038 yet");

// Rather not work on nonstandard transactions (unless -testnet)

if (!fTestNet && !IsStandardTx(tx))

if (!fTestNet && !tx.IsStandard())

return error("AcceptToMemoryPool : nonstandard transaction type");

return error("CTxMemPool::accept() : nonstandard transaction type");

// is it already in the memory pool?

// Do we already have it?

uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();

{

if (pool.exists(hash))

LOCK(cs);

return false;

if (mapTx.count(hash))

return false;

}

if (fCheckInputs)

if (txdb.ContainsTx(hash))

return false;

// Check for conflicts with in-memory transactions

CTransaction* ptxOld = NULL;

for (unsigned int i = 0; i < tx.vin.size(); i++)

{

LOCK(pool.cs); // protect pool.mapNextTx

COutPoint outpoint = tx.vin[i].prevout;

for (unsigned int i = 0; i < tx.vin.size(); i++)

if (mapNextTx.count(outpoint))

{

COutPoint outpoint = tx.vin[i].prevout;

// Disable replacement feature for now

if (pool.mapNextTx.count(outpoint))

return false;

{

// Disable replacement feature for now

// Allow replacing with a newer version of the same transaction

if (i != 0)

return false;

ptxOld = mapNextTx[outpoint].ptx;

if (ptxOld->IsFinal())

return false;

if (!tx.IsNewerThan(*ptxOld))

return false;

for (unsigned int i = 0; i < tx.vin.size(); i++)

{

COutPoint outpoint = tx.vin[i].prevout;

if (!mapNextTx.count(outpoint) || mapNextTx[outpoint].ptx != ptxOld)

return false;

}

break;

}

if (fCheckInputs)

{

CTxDB txdb("r");

// do we already have it?

if (txdb.ContainsTx(hash))

return false;

MapPrevTx mapInputs;

map<uint256, CTxIndex> mapUnused;

bool fInvalid = false;

if (!tx.FetchInputs(txdb, mapUnused, false, false, mapInputs, fInvalid))

{

if (fInvalid)

return error("AcceptToMemoryPool : FetchInputs found invalid tx %s", hash.ToString().substr(0,10));

return error("CTxMemPool::accept() : FetchInputs found invalid tx %s", hash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());

if (pfMissingInputs)

*pfMissingInputs = true;

return false;

}

// Check for non-standard pay-to-script-hash in inputs

if (!tx.AreInputsStandard(mapInputs) && !fTestNet)

return error("AcceptToMemoryPool : nonstandard transaction input");

return error("CTxMemPool::accept() : nonstandard transaction input");

// Note: if you modify this code to accept non-standard transactions, then

// you should add code here to check that the transaction does a

// reasonable number of ECDSA signature verifications.

int64_t nFees = tx.GetValueIn(mapInputs)-tx.GetValueOut();

int64 nFees = tx.GetValueIn(mapInputs)-tx.GetValueOut();

unsigned int nSize = ::GetSerializeSize(tx, SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION);

// Don't accept it if it can't get into a block

int64_t txMinFee = tx.GetMinFee(1000, false, GMF_RELAY, nSize);

int64 txMinFee = tx.GetMinFee(1000, false, GMF_RELAY, nSize);

if (nFees < txMinFee)

return error("AcceptToMemoryPool : not enough fees %s, %d < %d",

return error("CTxMemPool::accept() : not enough fees %s, %"PRI64d" < %"PRI64d,

has

hash.ToString().c_str(),

nFees, txMinFee);

// Continuously rate-limit free transactions

// This mitigates 'penny-flooding' -- sending thousands of free transactions just to

// be annoying or make others' transactions take longer to confirm.

if (nFees < MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE)

{

static CCriticalSection cs;

static double dFreeCount;

static int64 nLastTime;

int64 nNow = GetTime();

{

LOCK(cs);

// Use an exponentially decaying ~10-minute window:

dFreeCount *= pow(1.0 - 1.0/600.0, (double)(nNow - nLastTime));

nLastTime = nNow;

// -limitfreerelay unit is thousand-bytes-per-minute

// At default rate it would take over a month to fill 1GB

if (dFreeCount > GetArg("-limitfreerelay", 15)*10*1000 && !IsFromMe(tx))

return error("CTxMemPool::accept() : free transaction rejected by rate limiter");

if (fDebug)

printf("Rate limit dFreeCount: %g => %g\n", dFreeCount, dFreeCount+nSize);

dFreeCount += nSize;

}

// Check against previous transactions

// This is done last to help prevent CPU exhaustion denial-of-service attacks.

if (!tx.ConnectInputs(txdb, mapInputs, mapUnused, CDiskTxPos(1,1,1), pindexBest, false, false))

{

return error("CTxMemPool::accept() : ConnectInputs failed %s", hash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());

}

// Store transaction in memory

{

LOCK(cs);

if (ptxOld)

{

printf("CTxMemPool::accept() : replacing tx %s with new version\n", ptxOld->GetHash().ToString().c_str());

remove(*ptxOld);

}

addUnchecked(hash, tx);

}

///// are we sure this is ok when loading transactions or restoring block txes

// If updated, erase old tx from wallet

if (ptxOld)

EraseFromWallets(ptxOld->GetHash());

printf("CTxMemPool::accept() : accepted %s (poolsz %"PRIszu")\n",

hash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str(),

mapTx.size());

Text moved from lines 284-286

return true;

}

bool CTransaction::AcceptToMemoryPool(CTxDB& txdb, bool fCheckInputs, bool* pfMissingInputs)

{

return mempool.accept(txdb, *this, fCheckInputs, pfMissingInputs);

}

bool CTxMemPool::addUnchecked(const uint256& hash, CTransaction &tx)

{

// Add to memory pool without checking anything. Don't call this directly,

// call CTxMemPool::accept to properly check the transaction first.

{

mapTx[hash] = tx;

for (unsigned int i = 0; i < tx.vin.size(); i++)

mapNextTx[tx.vin[i].prevout] = CInPoint(&mapTx[hash], i);

nTransactionsUpdated++;

}

return true;

Text moved with changes from lines 227-232 (84.2% similarity)

}

bool CTxMemPool::remove(CTransaction &tx)

{

// Remove transaction from memory pool

{

LOCK(cs);

uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();

if (mapTx.count(hash))

{

BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin)

mapNextTx.erase(txin.prevout);

mapTx.erase(hash);

nTransactionsUpdated++;

}

return true;

}

void CTxMemPool::clear()

{

LOCK(cs);

mapTx.clear();

mapNextTx.clear();

++nTransactionsUpdated;

}

void CTxMemPool::queryHashes(std::vector<uint256>& vtxid)

{

vtxid.clear();

LOCK(cs);

vtxid.reserve(mapTx.size());

for (map<uint256, CTransaction>::iterator mi = mapTx.begin(); mi != mapTx.end(); ++mi)

vtxid.push_back((*mi).first);

}

Text moved from lines 376-379

int CMerkleTx::GetDepthInMainChain(CBlockIndex* &pindexRet) const

{

if (hashBlock == 0 || nIndex == -1)

return 0;

// Find the block it claims to be in

map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.find(hashBlock);

if (mi == mapBlockIndex.end())

return 0;

CBlockIndex* pindex = (*mi).second;

if (!pindex || !pindex->IsInMainChain())

return 0;

// Make sure the merkle branch connects to this block

if (!fMerkleVerified)

{

if (CBlock::CheckMerkleBranch(GetHash(), vMerkleBranch, nIndex) != pindex->hashMerkleRoot)

return 0;

fMerkleVerified = true;

}

pindexRet = pindex;

return pindexBest->nHeight - pindex->nHeight + 1;

}

int CMerkleTx::GetBlocksToMaturity() const

{

if (!(IsCoinBase() || IsCoinStake()))

return 0;

return max(0, (nCoinbaseMaturity+20) - GetDepthInMainChain());

}

bool CMerkleTx::AcceptToMemoryPool(CTxDB& txdb, bool fCheckInputs)

{

if (fClient)

{

if (!IsInMainChain() && !ClientConnectInputs())

return false;

return CTransaction::AcceptToMemoryPool(txdb, false);

}

else

{

return CTransaction::AcceptToMemoryPool(txdb, fCheckInputs);

Text moved from lines 116-118

}

bool CMerkleTx::AcceptToMemoryPool()

{

CTxDB txdb("r");

retu

保存された差分

原文

ファイルを開く

// Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
// Copyright (c) 2009-2012 The Bitcoin developers
// Distributed under the MIT/X11 software license, see the accompanying
// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.

#include "alert.h"
#include "checkpoints.h"
#include "db.h"
#include "txdb.h"
#include "net.h"
#include "init.h"
#include "ui_interface.h"
#include "kernel.h"
#include "scrypt_mine.h"
#include <boost/algorithm/string/replace.hpp>
#include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
#include <boost/filesystem/fstream.hpp>

using namespace std;
using namespace boost;

//
// Global state
//

CCriticalSection cs_setpwalletRegistered;
set<CWallet*> setpwalletRegistered;

CCriticalSection cs_main;

CTxMemPool mempool;
unsigned int nTransactionsUpdated = 0;

map<uint256, CBlockIndex*> mapBlockIndex;
set<pair<COutPoint, unsigned int> > setStakeSeen;
uint256 hashGenesisBlock = hashGenesisBlockOfficial;
static CBigNum bnProofOfWorkLimit(~uint256(0) >> 20);
static CBigNum bnProofOfStakeLimit(~uint256(0) >> 24);
static CBigNum bnProofOfStakeHardLimit(~uint256(0) >> 30);

static CBigNum bnProofOfWorkLimitTestNet(~uint256(0) >> 16);
static CBigNum bnProofOfStakeLimitTestNet(~uint256(0) >> 20);

unsigned int nStakeMinAge = 60 * 60 * 24 * 10; // minimum age for coin age - 10 days
unsigned int nStakeMaxAge = 60 * 60 * 24 * 30; // stake age of full weight - 30 days
unsigned int nStakeTargetSpacing = 1 * 30; // 1-minute block spacing
int64_t nChainStartTime = 1371910049;
int nCoinbaseMaturity = 5;
CBlockIndex* pindexGenesisBlock = NULL;
int nBestHeight = -1;
uint256 nBestChainTrust = 0;
uint256 nBestInvalidTrust = 0;
uint256 hashBestChain = 0;
CBlockIndex* pindexBest = NULL;
int64_t nTimeBestReceived = 0;
bool fHaveGUI = false;
bool fImporting = false; //Tranz need to fix this 66b02c93
bool fReindex = false; // Tranz need to fix this 7fea4846

CMedianFilter<int> cPeerBlockCounts(5, 0); // Amount of blocks that other nodes claim to have

map<uint256, CBlock*> mapOrphanBlocks;
multimap<uint256, CBlock*> mapOrphanBlocksByPrev;
set<pair<COutPoint, unsigned int> > setStakeSeenOrphan;

map<uint256, CTransaction> mapOrphanTransactions;
map<uint256, set<uint256> > mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev;

// Constant stuff for coinbase transactions we create:
CScript COINBASE_FLAGS;

const string strMessageMagic = "HoboNickels Signed Message:\n";

double dHashesPerSec;
int64_t nHPSTimerStart;

// Settings
int64_t nTransactionFee = MIN_TX_FEE;
int64_t nMinimumInputValue = MIN_TX_FEE;
int64_t nSplitThreshold = GetProofOfWorkReward();
int64_t nCombineThreshold = GetProofOfWorkReward() * 2;
extern enum Checkpoints::CPMode CheckpointsMode;

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// dispatching functions
//

// These functions dispatch to one or all registered wallets

void RegisterWallet(CWallet* pwalletIn)
{
    {
        LOCK(cs_setpwalletRegistered);
        setpwalletRegistered.insert(pwalletIn);
    }
}

void UnregisterWallet(CWallet* pwalletIn)
{
    {
        LOCK(cs_setpwalletRegistered);
        setpwalletRegistered.erase(pwalletIn);
    }
}

void UnregisterAllWallets()
{
    {
        LOCK(cs_setpwalletRegistered);
        setpwalletRegistered.clear();
    }
}

// check whether the passed transaction is from us
bool static IsFromMe(CTransaction& tx)
{
    {
          LOCK(cs_setpwalletRegistered);
          BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)
              if (pwallet->IsFromMe(tx))
                  return true;
    }
      return false;
}

// get the wallet transaction with the given hash (if it exists)
bool static GetTransaction(const uint256& hashTx, CWalletTx& wtx)
{
    {
         LOCK(cs_setpwalletRegistered);
         BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)
             if (pwallet->GetTransaction(hashTx,wtx))
                 return true;
         return false;
     }
}

// make sure all wallets know about the given transaction, in the given block
void SyncWithWallets(const CTransaction& tx, const CBlock* pblock, bool fUpdate, bool fConnect)
{
    if (!fConnect)
    {
        // ppcoin: wallets need to refund inputs when disconnecting coinstake
        if (tx.IsCoinStake())
        {
            LOCK(cs_setpwalletRegistered);
            BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)
                if (pwallet->IsFromMe(tx))
                    pwallet->DisableTransaction(tx);
        }
        return;
    }

{
        LOCK(cs_setpwalletRegistered);
        BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)
            pwallet->AddToWalletIfInvolvingMe(tx, pblock, fUpdate);
    }
}

// Add wallet transactions that aren't already in a block to mapTransactions
void ReacceptWalletTransactions()
{
    {
        LOCK(cs_setpwalletRegistered);
        BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)
        pwallet->ReacceptWalletTransactions();
    }
}

// notify wallets about a new best chain
void static SetBestChain(const CBlockLocator& loc)
{
   {
        LOCK(cs_setpwalletRegistered);
        BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)
            pwallet->SetBestChain(loc);
   }
}

// notify wallets about an updated transaction
void static UpdatedTransaction(const uint256& hashTx)
{
   {
          LOCK(cs_setpwalletRegistered);
          BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)
              pwallet->UpdatedTransaction(hashTx);
   }

}

// dump all wallets
void static PrintWallets(const CBlock& block)
{
   {
        LOCK(cs_setpwalletRegistered);
        BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)
            pwallet->PrintWallet(block);
   }

}

// notify wallets about an incoming inventory (for request counts)
void static Inventory(const uint256& hash)
{
   {
        LOCK(cs_setpwalletRegistered);
        BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)
            pwallet->Inventory(hash);
   }

}

// ask wallets to resend their transactions
void ResendWalletTransactions(bool fForce)
{
   {
        LOCK(cs_setpwalletRegistered);
        BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)
            pwallet->ResendWalletTransactions(fForce);
   }
}

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Registration of network node signals.
//

namespace {
// Maintain validation-specific state about nodes, protected by cs_main, instead
// by CNode's own locks. This simplifies asynchronous operation, where
// processing of incoming data is done after the ProcessMessage call returns,
// and we're no longer holding the node's locks.
struct CNodeState {
    // Accumulated misbehaviour score for this peer.
    int nMisbehavior;
    // Whether this peer should be disconnected and banned.
    bool fShouldBan;
    // String name of this peer (debugging/logging purposes).
    std::string name;

CNodeState() {
        nMisbehavior = 0;
        fShouldBan = false;
    }
};

map<NodeId, CNodeState> mapNodeState;

// Requires cs_main. (Tranz Locks removed for now due to deadlock)
CNodeState *State(NodeId pnode) {
    map<NodeId, CNodeState>::iterator it = mapNodeState.find(pnode);
    if (it == mapNodeState.end())
        return NULL;
    return &it->second;
}

int GetHeight()
{
    return nBestHeight;
}

void InitializeNode(NodeId nodeid, const CNode *pnode) {
    CNodeState &state = mapNodeState.insert(std::make_pair(nodeid, CNodeState())).first->second;
    state.name = pnode->addrName;
}

void FinalizeNode(NodeId nodeid) {
    mapNodeState.erase(nodeid);
}
}

bool GetNodeStateStats(NodeId nodeid, CNodeStateStats &stats) {
    CNodeState *state = State(nodeid);
    if (state == NULL)
        return false;
    stats.nMisbehavior = state->nMisbehavior;
    return true;
}

void RegisterNodeSignals(CNodeSignals& nodeSignals)
{
    nodeSignals.GetHeight.connect(&GetHeight);
    nodeSignals.ProcessMessages.connect(&ProcessMessages);
    nodeSignals.SendMessages.connect(&SendMessages);
    nodeSignals.InitializeNode.connect(&InitializeNode);
    nodeSignals.FinalizeNode.connect(&FinalizeNode);
}

void UnregisterNodeSignals(CNodeSignals& nodeSignals)
{
    nodeSignals.GetHeight.disconnect(&GetHeight);
    nodeSignals.ProcessMessages.disconnect(&ProcessMessages);
    nodeSignals.SendMessages.disconnect(&SendMessages);
    nodeSignals.InitializeNode.disconnect(&InitializeNode);
    nodeSignals.FinalizeNode.disconnect(&FinalizeNode);
}

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// mapOrphanTransactions
//

bool AddOrphanTx(const CTransaction& tx)
{
    uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();
    if (mapOrphanTransactions.count(hash))
        return false;

size_t nSize = tx.GetSerializeSize(SER_NETWORK, CTransaction::CURRENT_VERSION);

if (nSize > 5000)
    {
        LogPrint("mempool", "ignoring large orphan tx (size: %u, hash: %s)\n", nSize, hash.ToString().substr(0,10));
        return false;
    }

mapOrphanTransactions[hash] = tx;
    BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin)
        mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev[txin.prevout.hash].insert(hash);

LogPrint("mempool", "stored orphan tx %s (mapsz %u)\n", hash.ToString().substr(0,10),
        mapOrphanTransactions.size());
    return true;
}

void static EraseOrphanTx(uint256 hash)
{
    if (!mapOrphanTransactions.count(hash))
        return;
    const CTransaction& tx = mapOrphanTransactions[hash];
    BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin)
    {
        mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev[txin.prevout.hash].erase(hash);
        if (mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev[txin.prevout.hash].empty())
            mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev.erase(txin.prevout.hash);
    }

mapOrphanTransactions.erase(hash);
}

unsigned int LimitOrphanTxSize(unsigned int nMaxOrphans)
{
    unsigned int nEvicted = 0;
    while (mapOrphanTransactions.size() > nMaxOrphans)
    {
        // Evict a random orphan:
        uint256 randomhash = GetRandHash();
        map<uint256, CTransaction>::iterator it = mapOrphanTransactions.lower_bound(randomhash);
        if (it == mapOrphanTransactions.end())
            it = mapOrphanTransactions.begin();
        EraseOrphanTx(it->first);
        ++nEvicted;
    }
    return nEvicted;
}

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// CTransaction and CTxIndex
//

bool CTransaction::ReadFromDisk(CTxDB& txdb, COutPoint prevout, CTxIndex& txindexRet)
{
    SetNull();
    if (!txdb.ReadTxIndex(prevout.hash, txindexRet))
        return false;
    if (!ReadFromDisk(txindexRet.pos))
        return false;
    if (prevout.n >= vout.size())
    {
        SetNull();
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

bool CTransaction::ReadFromDisk(CTxDB& txdb, COutPoint prevout)
{
    CTxIndex txindex;
    return ReadFromDisk(txdb, prevout, txindex);
}

bool CTransaction::ReadFromDisk(COutPoint prevout)
{
    CTxDB txdb("r");
    CTxIndex txindex;
    return ReadFromDisk(txdb, prevout, txindex);
}

bool IsStandardTx(const CTransaction& tx)
{
    if (tx.nVersion > CTransaction::CURRENT_VERSION)
        return false;

// Treat non-final transactions as non-standard to prevent a specific type
    // of double-spend attack, as well as DoS attacks. (if the transaction
    // can't be mined, the attacker isn't expending resources broadcasting it)
    // Basically we don't want to propagate transactions that can't included in
    // the next block.
    //
    // However, IsFinalTx() is confusing... Without arguments, it uses
    // chainActive.Height() to evaluate nLockTime; when a block is accepted, chainActive.Height()
    // is set to the value of nHeight in the block. However, when IsFinalTx()
    // is called within CBlock::AcceptBlock(), the height of the block *being*
    // evaluated is what is used. Thus if we want to know if a transaction can
    // be part of the *next* block, we need to call IsFinalTx() with one more
    // than chainActive.Height().
    //
    // Timestamps on the other hand don't get any special treatment, because we
    // can't know what timestamp the next block will have, and there aren't
    // timestamp applications where it matters.

if (!IsFinalTx(tx, nBestHeight + 1)) {
        return false;
    }

// nTime has different purpose from nLockTime but can be used in similar attacks
    if (tx.nTime > FutureDrift(GetAdjustedTime())) {
        return false;
    }

// Extremely large transactions with lots of inputs can cost the network
    // almost as much to process as they cost the sender in fees, because
    // computing signature hashes is O(ninputs*txsize). Limiting transactions
    // to MAX_STANDARD_TX_SIZE mitigates CPU exhaustion attacks.
    unsigned int sz = tx.GetSerializeSize(SER_NETWORK, CTransaction::CURRENT_VERSION);
    if (sz >= MAX_STANDARD_TX_SIZE)
        return false;

BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin)
    {
        // Biggest 'standard' txin is a 3-signature 3-of-3 CHECKMULTISIG
        // pay-to-script-hash, which is 3 ~80-byte signatures, 3
        // ~65-byte public keys, plus a few script ops.
        if (txin.scriptSig.size() > 500)
            return false;
        if (!txin.scriptSig.IsPushOnly())
            return false;
        if (!txin.scriptSig.HasCanonicalPushes())
            return false;
    }

unsigned int nDataOut = 0;
    txnouttype whichType;
    BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxOut& txout, tx.vout) {
        if (!::IsStandard(txout.scriptPubKey, whichType))
            return false;
        if (whichType == TX_NULL_DATA)
            nDataOut++;
        if (txout.nValue == 0)
            return false;
        if (!txout.scriptPubKey.HasCanonicalPushes())
            return false;
    }

// only one OP_RETURN txout is permitted
    if (nDataOut > 1) {
        return false;
    }

return true;
}

bool IsFinalTx(const CTransaction &tx, int nBlockHeight, int64_t nBlockTime)
{
    AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
    // Time based nLockTime implemented in 0.1.6
    if (tx.nLockTime == 0)
        return true;
    if (nBlockHeight == 0)
        nBlockHeight = nBestHeight;
    if (nBlockTime == 0)
        nBlockTime = GetAdjustedTime();
    if ((int64_t)tx.nLockTime < ((int64_t)tx.nLockTime < LOCKTIME_THRESHOLD ? (int64_t)nBlockHeight : nBlockTime))
        return true;
    BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin)
        if (!txin.IsFinal())
            return false;
    return true;

}

//
// Check transaction inputs, and make sure any
// pay-to-script-hash transactions are evaluating IsStandard scripts
//
// Why bother? To avoid denial-of-service attacks; an attacker
// can submit a standard HASH... OP_EQUAL transaction,
// which will get accepted into blocks. The redemption
// script can be anything; an attacker could use a very
// expensive-to-check-upon-redemption script like:
//   DUP CHECKSIG DROP ... repeated 100 times... OP_1
//
bool CTransaction::AreInputsStandard(const MapPrevTx& mapInputs) const
{
    if (IsCoinBase())
        return true; // Coinbases don't use vin normally

for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vin.size(); i++)
    {
        const CTxOut& prev = GetOutputFor(vin[i], mapInputs);

vector<vector<unsigned char> > vSolutions;
        txnouttype whichType;
        // get the scriptPubKey corresponding to this input:
        const CScript& prevScript = prev.scriptPubKey;
        if (!Solver(prevScript, whichType, vSolutions))
            return false;
        int nArgsExpected = ScriptSigArgsExpected(whichType, vSolutions);
        if (nArgsExpected < 0)
            return false;

// Transactions with extra stuff in their scriptSigs are
        // non-standard. Note that this EvalScript() call will
        // be quick, because if there are any operations
        // beside "push data" in the scriptSig the
        // IsStandard() call returns false
        vector<vector<unsigned char> > stack;
        if (!EvalScript(stack, vin[i].scriptSig, *this, i, 0))
            return false;

if (whichType == TX_SCRIPTHASH)
        {
            if (stack.empty())
                return false;
            CScript subscript(stack.back().begin(), stack.back().end());
            vector<vector<unsigned char> > vSolutions2;
            txnouttype whichType2;
            if (!Solver(subscript, whichType2, vSolutions2))
                return false;
            if (whichType2 == TX_SCRIPTHASH)
                return false;

int tmpExpected;
            tmpExpected = ScriptSigArgsExpected(whichType2, vSolutions2);
            if (tmpExpected < 0)
                return false;
            nArgsExpected += tmpExpected;
        }

if (stack.size() != (unsigned int)nArgsExpected)
            return false;
    }

return true;
}

unsigned int
CTransaction::GetLegacySigOpCount() const
{
    unsigned int nSigOps = 0;
    BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, vin)
    {
        nSigOps += txin.scriptSig.GetSigOpCount(false);
    }
    BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxOut& txout, vout)
    {
        nSigOps += txout.scriptPubKey.GetSigOpCount(false);
    }
    return nSigOps;
}

int CMerkleTx::SetMerkleBranch(const CBlock* pblock)
{
    AssertLockHeld(cs_main);

CBlock blockTmp;
    if (pblock == NULL)
    {
        // Load the block this tx is in
        CTxIndex txindex;
        if (!CTxDB("r").ReadTxIndex(GetHash(), txindex))
            return 0;
        if (!blockTmp.ReadFromDisk(txindex.pos.nFile, txindex.pos.nBlockPos))
            return 0;
        pblock = &blockTmp;
    }

// Update the tx's hashBlock
    hashBlock = pblock->GetHash();

// Locate the transaction
    for (nIndex = 0; nIndex < (int)pblock->vtx.size(); nIndex++)
        if (pblock->vtx[nIndex] == *(CTransaction*)this)
            break;
    if (nIndex == (int)pblock->vtx.size())
    {
        vMerkleBranch.clear();
        nIndex = -1;
        LogPrintf("ERROR: SetMerkleBranch() : couldn't find tx in block\n");
        return 0;
    }

// Fill in merkle branch
    vMerkleBranch = pblock->GetMerkleBranch(nIndex);

// Is the tx in a block that's in the main chain
    map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.find(hashBlock);
    if (mi == mapBlockIndex.end())
        return 0;
    CBlockIndex* pindex = (*mi).second;
    if (!pindex || !pindex->IsInMainChain())
        return 0;

return pindexBest->nHeight - pindex->nHeight + 1;
}

bool CTransaction::CheckTransaction() const
{
    // Basic checks that don't depend on any context
    if (vin.empty())
        return DoS(10, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : vin empty"));
    if (vout.empty())
        return DoS(10, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : vout empty"));
    // Time (prevent mempool memory exhaustion attack)
    if (nTime > GetAdjustedTime() + nMaxClockDrift)
        return DoS(10, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : timestamp is too far into the future"));        
    // Size limits
    if (::GetSerializeSize(*this, SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION) > MAX_BLOCK_SIZE)
        return DoS(100, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : size limits failed"));

// Check for negative or overflow output values
    int64_t nValueOut = 0;
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vout.size(); i++)
    {
        const CTxOut& txout = vout[i];
        if (txout.IsEmpty() && !IsCoinBase() && !IsCoinStake())
            return DoS(100, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : txout empty for user transaction"));

// ppcoin: enforce minimum output amount
        if ((!txout.IsEmpty()) && txout.nValue < MIN_TXOUT_AMOUNT)
            return DoS(100, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : txout.nValue below minimum"));

if (txout.nValue < 0)
            return DoS(100, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : txout.nValue is negative"));
        if (txout.nValue > MAX_MONEY)
            return DoS(100, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : txout.nValue too high"));
        nValueOut += txout.nValue;
        if (!MoneyRange(nValueOut))
            return DoS(100, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : txout total out of range"));
    }

// Check for duplicate inputs
    set<COutPoint> vInOutPoints;
    BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, vin)
    {
        if (vInOutPoints.count(txin.prevout))
            return false;
        vInOutPoints.insert(txin.prevout);
    }

if (IsCoinBase())
    {
        if (vin[0].scriptSig.size() < 2 || vin[0].scriptSig.size() > 100)
            return DoS(100, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : coinbase script size"));
    }
    else
    {
        BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, vin)
            if (txin.prevout.IsNull())
                return DoS(10, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : prevout is null"));
    }

return true;
}

int64_t CTransaction::GetMinFee(unsigned int nBlockSize, bool fAllowFree,
                              enum GetMinFee_mode mode, unsigned int nBytes) const
{
    // Base fee is either MIN_TX_FEE or MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE
    int64_t nBaseFee = (mode == GMF_RELAY) ? MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE : MIN_TX_FEE;

unsigned int nNewBlockSize = nBlockSize + nBytes;
    int64_t nMinFee = (1 + (int64_t)nBytes / 1000) * nBaseFee;

// To limit dust spam, require MIN_TX_FEE/MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE if any output is less than 0.01
    if (nMinFee < nBaseFee)
    {
        BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxOut& txout, vout)
            if (txout.nValue < CENT)
                nMinFee = nBaseFee;
    }

// Raise the price as the block approaches full
    if (nBlockSize != 1 && nNewBlockSize >= MAX_BLOCK_SIZE_GEN/2)
    {
        if (nNewBlockSize >= MAX_BLOCK_SIZE_GEN)
            return MAX_MONEY;
        nMinFee *= MAX_BLOCK_SIZE_GEN / (MAX_BLOCK_SIZE_GEN - nNewBlockSize);
    }

if (!MoneyRange(nMinFee))
        nMinFee = MAX_MONEY;
    return nMinFee;
}

bool AcceptToMemoryPool(CTxMemPool& pool, CTransaction &tx,
                        bool* pfMissingInputs)
{
    AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
    if (pfMissingInputs)
        *pfMissingInputs = false;

if (!tx.CheckTransaction())
        return error("AcceptToMemoryPool : CheckTransaction failed");

// Coinbase is only valid in a block, not as a loose transaction
    if (tx.IsCoinBase())
        return tx.DoS(100, error("AcceptToMemoryPool : coinbase as individual tx"));

// ppcoin: coinstake is also only valid in a block, not as a loose transaction
    if (tx.IsCoinStake())
        return tx.DoS(100, error("AcceptToMemoryPool : coinstake as individual tx"));

// Rather not work on nonstandard transactions (unless -testnet)
    if (!fTestNet && !IsStandardTx(tx))
        return error("AcceptToMemoryPool : nonstandard transaction type");

// is it already in the memory pool?
    uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();

if (pool.exists(hash))
        return false;

// Check for conflicts with in-memory transactions
    {
        LOCK(pool.cs); // protect pool.mapNextTx
        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < tx.vin.size(); i++)
        {
            COutPoint outpoint = tx.vin[i].prevout;
            if (pool.mapNextTx.count(outpoint))
            {
                // Disable replacement feature for now
                return false;
            }
        }
    }

{
        CTxDB txdb("r");
        // do we already have it?
        if (txdb.ContainsTx(hash))
             return false;

MapPrevTx mapInputs;
        map<uint256, CTxIndex> mapUnused;
        bool fInvalid = false;
        if (!tx.FetchInputs(txdb, mapUnused, false, false, mapInputs, fInvalid))
        {
            if (fInvalid)
                return error("AcceptToMemoryPool : FetchInputs found invalid tx %s", hash.ToString().substr(0,10));
            if (pfMissingInputs)
                *pfMissingInputs = true;
            return false;
        }

// Check for non-standard pay-to-script-hash in inputs
        if (!tx.AreInputsStandard(mapInputs) && !fTestNet)
            return error("AcceptToMemoryPool : nonstandard transaction input");

// Note: if you modify this code to accept non-standard transactions, then
        // you should add code here to check that the transaction does a
        // reasonable number of ECDSA signature verifications.

int64_t nFees = tx.GetValueIn(mapInputs)-tx.GetValueOut();
        unsigned int nSize = ::GetSerializeSize(tx, SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION);

// Don't accept it if it can't get into a block
        int64_t txMinFee = tx.GetMinFee(1000, false, GMF_RELAY, nSize);
        if (nFees < txMinFee)
            return error("AcceptToMemoryPool : not enough fees %s, %d < %d",
                         hash.ToString(),
                         nFees, txMinFee);

// Continuously rate-limit free transactions
        // This mitigates 'penny-flooding' -- sending thousands of free transactions just to
        // be annoying or make others' transactions take longer to confirm.
        if (nFees < MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE)
        {
            static CCriticalSection cs;
            static double dFreeCount;
            static int64_t nLastTime;
            int64_t nNow = GetTime();

{
                LOCK(pool.cs);
                // Use an exponentially decaying ~10-minute window:
                dFreeCount *= pow(1.0 - 1.0/600.0, (double)(nNow - nLastTime));
                nLastTime = nNow;
                // -limitfreerelay unit is thousand-bytes-per-minute
                // At default rate it would take over a month to fill 1GB
                if (dFreeCount > GetArg("-limitfreerelay", 15)*10*1000 && !IsFromMe(tx))
                    return error("AcceptToMemoryPool : free transaction rejected by rate limiter");
                if (fDebug)
                    LogPrint("mempool", "Rate limit dFreeCount: %g => %g\n", dFreeCount, dFreeCount+nSize);
                dFreeCount += nSize;
            }
        }

// Check against previous transactions
        // This is done last to help prevent CPU exhaustion denial-of-service attacks.
        if (!tx.ConnectInputs(txdb, mapInputs, mapUnused, CDiskTxPos(1,1,1), pindexBest, false, false))
        {
            return error("AcceptToMemoryPool : ConnectInputs failed %s", hash.ToString().substr(0,10));
        }
    }

// Store transaction in memory
    pool.addUnchecked(hash, tx);

SyncWithWallets(tx, NULL, true);

LogPrint("mempool", "AcceptToMemoryPool : accepted %s (poolsz %u)\n",
           hash.ToString().substr(0,10),
           pool.mapTx.size());

return true;
}

bool CTxMemPool::addUnchecked(const uint256& hash, CTransaction &tx)
{
    // Add to memory pool without checking anything.
    // Used by main.cpp AcceptToMemoryPool(), which DOES do
    // all the appropriate checks.
    LOCK(cs);
    {
        mapTx[hash] = tx;
        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < tx.vin.size(); i++)
            mapNextTx[tx.vin[i].prevout] = CInPoint(&mapTx[hash], i);
        nTransactionsUpdated++;
    }
    return true;
}

bool CTxMemPool::remove(CTransaction &tx)
{
    // Remove transaction from memory pool
    {
        LOCK(cs);
        uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();
        if (mapTx.count(hash))
        {
            BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin)
                mapNextTx.erase(txin.prevout);
            mapTx.erase(hash);
            nTransactionsUpdated++;
        }
    }
    return true;
}

void CTxMemPool::clear()
{
    LOCK(cs);
    mapTx.clear();
    mapNextTx.clear();
    ++nTransactionsUpdated;
}

void CTxMemPool::queryHashes(std::vector<uint256>& vtxid)
{
    vtxid.clear();

LOCK(cs);
    vtxid.reserve(mapTx.size());
    for (map<uint256, CTransaction>::iterator mi = mapTx.begin(); mi != mapTx.end(); ++mi)
        vtxid.push_back((*mi).first);
}

int CMerkleTx::GetDepthInMainChainINTERNAL(CBlockIndex* &pindexRet) const
{
    if (hashBlock == 0 || nIndex == -1)
        return 0;
    AssertLockHeld(cs_main);

// Find the block it claims to be in
    map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.find(hashBlock);
    if (mi == mapBlockIndex.end())
        return 0;
    CBlockIndex* pindex = (*mi).second;
    if (!pindex || !pindex->IsInMainChain())
        return 0;

// Make sure the merkle branch connects to this block
    if (!fMerkleVerified)
    {
        if (CBlock::CheckMerkleBranch(GetHash(), vMerkleBranch, nIndex) != pindex->hashMerkleRoot)
            return 0;
        fMerkleVerified = true;
    }

pindexRet = pindex;
    return pindexBest->nHeight - pindex->nHeight + 1;
}

int CMerkleTx::GetDepthInMainChain(CBlockIndex* &pindexRet) const
{
    AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
    int nResult = GetDepthInMainChainINTERNAL(pindexRet);
    if (nResult == 0 && !mempool.exists(GetHash()))
        return -1; // Not in chain, not in mempool

return nResult;

}

int CMerkleTx::GetBlocksToMaturity() const
{
    if (!(IsCoinBase() || IsCoinStake()))
        return 0;
    return max(0, (nCoinbaseMaturity+20) - GetDepthInMainChain());
}

bool CMerkleTx::AcceptToMemoryPool()
{
    return ::AcceptToMemoryPool(mempool, *this, NULL);
}

bool CWalletTx::AcceptWalletTransaction(CTxDB& txdb)
{

{
        // Add previous supporting transactions first
        BOOST_FOREACH(CMerkleTx& tx, vtxPrev)
        {
            if (!(tx.IsCoinBase() || tx.IsCoinStake()))
            {
                uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();
                if (!mempool.exists(hash) && !txdb.ContainsTx(hash))
                    tx.AcceptToMemoryPool();
            }
        }
        return AcceptToMemoryPool();
    }
    return false;
}

bool CWalletTx::AcceptWalletTransaction()
{
    CTxDB txdb("r");
    return AcceptWalletTransaction(txdb);
}

int CTxIndex::GetDepthInMainChain() const
{
    // Read block header
    CBlock block;
    if (!block.ReadFromDisk(pos.nFile, pos.nBlockPos, false))
        return 0;
    // Find the block in the index
    map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.find(block.GetHash());
    if (mi == mapBlockIndex.end())
        return 0;
    CBlockIndex* pindex = (*mi).second;
    if (!pindex || !pindex->IsInMainChain())
        return 0;
    return 1 + nBestHeight - pindex->nHeight;
}

// Return transaction in tx, and if it was found inside a block, its hash is placed in hashBlock
bool GetTransaction(const uint256 &hash, CTransaction &tx, uint256 &hashBlock)
{
    {
        LOCK(cs_main);
        {
            if (mempool.lookup(hash, tx))
                return true;
        }
        CTxDB txdb("r");
        CTxIndex txindex;
        if (tx.ReadFromDisk(txdb, COutPoint(hash, 0), txindex))
        {
            CBlock block;
            if (block.ReadFromDisk(txindex.pos.nFile, txindex.pos.nBlockPos, false))
                hashBlock = block.GetHash();
            return true;
        }
    }
    return false;
}

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// CBlock and CBlockIndex
//

static CBlockIndex* pblockindexFBBHLast;
CBlockIndex* FindBlockByHeight(int nHeight)
{
    CBlockIndex *pblockindex;
    if (nHeight < nBestHeight / 2)
        pblockindex = pindexGenesisBlock;
    else
        pblockindex = pindexBest;
    if (pblockindexFBBHLast && abs(nHeight - pblockindex->nHeight) > abs(nHeight - pblockindexFBBHLast->nHeight))
        pblockindex = pblockindexFBBHLast;
    while (pblockindex->nHeight > nHeight)
        pblockindex = pblockindex->pprev;
    while (pblockindex->nHeight < nHeight)
        pblockindex = pblockindex->pnext;
    pblockindexFBBHLast = pblockindex;
    return pblockindex;
}

bool CBlock::ReadFromDisk(const CBlockIndex* pindex, bool fReadTransactions)
{
    if (!fReadTransactions)
    {
        *this = pindex->GetBlockHeader();
        return true;
    }
    if (!ReadFromDisk(pindex->nFile, pindex->nBlockPos, fReadTransactions))
        return false;
    if (GetHash() != pindex->GetBlockHash())
        return error("CBlock::ReadFromDisk() : GetHash() doesn't match index");
    return true;
}

uint256 static GetOrphanRoot(const CBlock* pblock)
{
    // Work back to the first block in the orphan chain
    while (mapOrphanBlocks.count(pblock->hashPrevBlock))
        pblock = mapOrphanBlocks[pblock->hashPrevBlock];
    return pblock->GetHash();
}

// ppcoin: find block wanted by given orphan block
uint256 WantedByOrphan(const CBlock* pblockOrphan)
{
    // Work back to the first block in the orphan chain
    while (mapOrphanBlocks.count(pblockOrphan->hashPrevBlock))
        pblockOrphan = mapOrphanBlocks[pblockOrphan->hashPrevBlock];
    return pblockOrphan->hashPrevBlock;
}

int64_t GetProofOfWorkReward()
{
    int64_t nSubsidy = 5 * COIN;
    return nSubsidy;	   
}

// miner's coin stake reward based on nBits and coin age spent (coin-days)
int64_t GetProofOfStakeReward(int64_t nCoinAge, unsigned int nBits, unsigned int nTime, bool bCoinYearOnly)
{
    int64_t nSubsidy = 0;

if ( nTime > VERSION1_5_SWITCH_TIME )
        nSubsidy = GetProofOfStakeRewardV2(nCoinAge, nBits, nTime, bCoinYearOnly);
    else
        nSubsidy = GetProofOfStakeRewardV1(nCoinAge, nBits, nTime, bCoinYearOnly);

return nSubsidy;
}

int64_t GetProofOfStakeRewardV1(int64_t nCoinAge, unsigned int nBits, unsigned int nTime, bool bCoinYearOnly)
{
    int64_t nRewardCoinYear;

CBigNum bnRewardCoinYearLimit;
    int64_t nRewardCoinYearLimit;

if(fTestNet || nTime > PROTOCOL_SWITCH_TIME)
    {
        // Stage 2 of emission process is PoS-based. It will be active on mainNet since 20 Jun 2013.

if(fTestNet || nTime > POS_REWARD_FIX_TIME2)
        {
           bnRewardCoinYearLimit = MAX_MINT_PROOF_OF_STAKE_FIX2; // Correct Base stake mint rate, 100% year interest
           nRewardCoinYearLimit = MAX_MINT_PROOF_OF_STAKE_FIX2;
        }
        else if (fTestNet || nTime > POS_REWARD_FIX_TIME)
        {
           bnRewardCoinYearLimit = MAX_MINT_PROOF_OF_STAKE_FIX; // Incorrect Base stake mint rate, 1000% year interest
           nRewardCoinYearLimit = MAX_MINT_PROOF_OF_STAKE_FIX;
        }
        else
        {
           bnRewardCoinYearLimit = MAX_MINT_PROOF_OF_STAKE; // Incorrect Base stake mint rate, 10% year interest
           nRewardCoinYearLimit = MAX_MINT_PROOF_OF_STAKE;
        }

CBigNum bnTarget;

bnTarget.SetCompact(nBits);

CBigNum bnTargetLimit = bnProofOfStakeLimit;

bnTargetLimit.SetCompact(bnTargetLimit.GetCompact());

// HoboNickels: reward for coin-year is cut in half every 64x multiply of PoS difficulty
        // A reasonably continuous curve is used to avoid shock to market
        // (bnRewardCoinYearLimit / nRewardCoinYear) ** 4 == bnProofOfStakeLimit / bnTarget
        //
        // Human readable form:
        //
        // nRewardCoinYear = 1 / (posdiff ^ 1/4)

CBigNum bnLowerBound;
        bnLowerBound = 10 * CENT; // Lower interest bound is 1% per year

CBigNum bnUpperBound = bnRewardCoinYearLimit;

while (bnLowerBound + CENT <= bnUpperBound)
        {
            CBigNum bnMidValue = (bnLowerBound + bnUpperBound) / 2;

LogPrint("creation", "GetProofOfStakeReward() : lower=%d upper=%d mid=%d\n", bnLowerBound.getuint64(), bnUpperBound.getuint64(), bnMidValue.getuint64());

if (bnMidValue * bnMidValue * bnMidValue * bnMidValue * bnTargetLimit > bnRewardCoinYearLimit * bnRewardCoinYearLimit * bnRewardCoinYearLimit * bnRewardCoinYearLimit * bnTarget)
                bnUpperBound = bnMidValue;
            else
                bnLowerBound = bnMidValue;
        }

nRewardCoinYear = bnUpperBound.getuint64();
        if (nTime > POS_REWARD_SWITCH_TIME)
           nRewardCoinYear = min(nRewardCoinYear, nRewardCoinYearLimit);
        else
           nRewardCoinYear = min((nRewardCoinYear / CENT) * CENT, nRewardCoinYearLimit);

}
    else
    {
        // Old creation amount per coin-year, 5% fixed stake mint rate
        nRewardCoinYear = 0.015 * CENT;
    }

if(bCoinYearOnly)
        return nRewardCoinYear;
   
// Stake calculation fix for small tx values courtesy of Mineral And Yukon Coinelius. This will fix the rounding of small stake rewards to zero
    int64_t nSubsidy = nRewardCoinYear * nCoinAge * 33 / (365 * 33 + 8);
    if (nTime > POS_REWARD_SWITCH_TIME)
        nSubsidy = (nCoinAge * 33 * nRewardCoinYear) / (365 * 33 + 8);
    else
        nSubsidy = nCoinAge * 33 / (365 * 33 + 8) * nRewardCoinYear;

LogPrint("creation","GetProofOfStakeReward(): create=%s nCoinAge=%d nBits=%d\n", FormatMoney(nSubsidy), nCoinAge, nBits);

return nSubsidy;
}

int64_t GetProofOfStakeRewardV2(int64_t nCoinAge, unsigned int nBits, unsigned int nTime, bool bCoinYearOnly)
{
    CBigNum bnRewardCoinYearLimit = MAX_MINT_PROOF_OF_STAKE_FIX2; // Base stake mint rate, 100% year interest
    int64_t nRewardCoinYearLimit = MAX_MINT_PROOF_OF_STAKE_FIX2;
    CBigNum bnTarget;
    bnTarget.SetCompact(nBits);
    CBigNum bnTargetLimit = bnProofOfStakeLimit;
    bnTargetLimit.SetCompact(bnTargetLimit.GetCompact());
    int64_t nSubsidyLimit = 250 * COIN;

// HoboNickels: reward for coin-year is cut in half every 64x multiply of PoS difficulty
    // A reasonably continuous curve is used to avoid shock to market
    // (bnRewardCoinYearLimit / nRewardCoinYear) ** 4 == bnProofOfStakeLimit / bnTarget
    //
    // Human readable form:
    //
    // nRewardCoinYear = 1 / (posdiff ^ 1/4)

CBigNum bnLowerBound = 10 * CENT; // Lower interest bound is 10% per year
    CBigNum bnUpperBound = bnRewardCoinYearLimit;
    while (bnLowerBound + CENT <= bnUpperBound)
    {
        CBigNum bnMidValue = (bnLowerBound + bnUpperBound) / 2;

LogPrint("creation", "GetProofOfStakeReward() : lower=%d upper=%d mid=%d\n", bnLowerBound.getuint64(), bnUpperBound.getuint64(), bnMidValue.getuint64());

if (bnMidValue * bnMidValue * bnMidValue * bnMidValue * bnTargetLimit > bnRewardCoinYearLimit * bnRewardCoinYearLimit * bnRewardCoinYearLimit * bnRewardCoinYearLimit * bnTarget)
            bnUpperBound = bnMidValue;
        else
            bnLowerBound = bnMidValue;
    }

int64_t nRewardCoinYear = bnUpperBound.getuint64();
    nRewardCoinYear = min((nRewardCoinYear / CENT) * CENT, nRewardCoinYearLimit);

if(bCoinYearOnly)
        return nRewardCoinYear;

int64_t nSubsidy = (nCoinAge * 33 * nRewardCoinYear) / (365 * 33 + 8);

LogPrint("creation","GetProofOfStakeReward(): create=%s nCoinAge=%d nBits=%d, Amount Truncated %s\n", FormatMoney(nSubsidy), nCoinAge, nBits, nSubsidyLimit < nSubsidy ? FormatMoney(nSubsidy - nSubsidyLimit) : FormatMoney(0));

nSubsidy = min(nSubsidy, nSubsidyLimit);

return nSubsidy;
}

static const int64_t nTargetTimespan = 0.16 * 24 * 60 * 60;  // 4-hour
static const int64_t nTargetSpacingWorkMax = 12 * nStakeTargetSpacing; // 2-hour

// maximum nBits value could possible be required nTime after
//
unsigned int ComputeMaxBits(CBigNum bnTargetLimit, unsigned int nBase, int64_t nTime)
{
    CBigNum bnResult;
    bnResult.SetCompact(nBase);
    bnResult *= 2;
    while (nTime > 0 && bnResult < bnTargetLimit)
    {
        // Maximum 200% adjustment per day...
        bnResult *= 2;
        nTime -= 24 * 60 * 60;
    }
    if (bnResult > bnTargetLimit)
        bnResult = bnTargetLimit;
    return bnResult.GetCompact();
}

//
// minimum amount of work that could possibly be required nTime after
// minimum proof-of-work required was nBase
//
unsigned int ComputeMinWork(unsigned int nBase, int64_t nTime)
{
    return ComputeMaxBits(bnProofOfWorkLimit, nBase, nTime);
}

//
// minimum amount of stake that could possibly be required nTime after
// minimum proof-of-stake required was nBase
//
unsigned int ComputeMinStake(unsigned int nBase, int64_t nTime, unsigned int nBlockTime)
{
    return ComputeMaxBits(bnProofOfStakeLimit, nBase, nTime);
}

// ppcoin: find last block index up to pindex
const CBlockIndex* GetLastBlockIndex(const CBlockIndex* pindex, bool fProofOfStake)
{
    while (pindex && pindex->pprev && (pindex->IsProofOfStake() != fProofOfStake))
        pindex = pindex->pprev;
    return pindex;
}

unsigned int GetNextTargetRequired(const CBlockIndex* pindexLast, bool fProofOfStake)
{
    if (pindexLast->nHeight + 1 > VERSION1_5_SWITCH_BLOCK)
        return GetNextTargetRequiredV2(pindexLast, fProofOfStake);
    else
        return GetNextTargetRequiredV1(pindexLast, fProofOfStake);
}

unsigned int GetNextTargetRequiredV1(const CBlockIndex* pindexLast, bool fProofOfStake)
{
  CBigNum bnTargetLimit = !fProofOfStake ? bnProofOfWorkLimit : bnProofOfStakeLimit;

if(fProofOfStake)
    {
        // Proof-of-Stake blocks has own target limit since nVersion=3 supermajority on mainNet and always on testNet
        if(fTestNet)
            bnTargetLimit = bnProofOfStakeLimit;
        else
        {
            if(pindexLast->nHeight + 1 > 15000)
                bnTargetLimit = bnProofOfStakeLimit;
            else if(pindexLast->nHeight + 1 > 14060)
                bnTargetLimit = bnProofOfStakeHardLimit;
        }
    }

if (pindexLast == NULL)
        return bnTargetLimit.GetCompact(); // genesis block

const CBlockIndex* pindexPrev = GetLastBlockIndex(pindexLast, fProofOfStake);
    if (pindexPrev->pprev == NULL)
        return bnTargetLimit.GetCompact(); // first block
    const CBlockIndex* pindexPrevPrev = GetLastBlockIndex(pindexPrev->pprev, fProofOfStake);
    if (pindexPrevPrev->pprev == NULL)
        return bnTargetLimit.GetCompact(); // second block

int64_t nActualSpacing = pindexPrev->GetBlockTime() - pindexPrevPrev->GetBlockTime();

// ppcoin: target change every block
    // ppcoin: retarget with exponential moving toward target spacing
    CBigNum bnNew;
    bnNew.SetCompact(pindexPrev->nBits);
    int64_t nTargetSpacing = fProofOfStake? nStakeTargetSpacing : min(nTargetSpacingWorkMax, (int64_t) nStakeTargetSpacing * (1 + pindexLast->nHeight - pindexPrev->nHeight));
    int64_t nInterval = nTargetTimespan / nTargetSpacing;
    bnNew *= ((nInterval - 1) * nTargetSpacing + nActualSpacing + nActualSpacing);
    bnNew /= ((nInterval + 1) * nTargetSpacing);

if (bnNew > bnTargetLimit)
        bnNew = bnTargetLimit;

return bnNew.GetCompact();
}

unsigned int GetNextTargetRequiredV2(const CBlockIndex* pindexLast, bool fProofOfStake)
{
    CBigNum bnTargetLimit = !fProofOfStake ? bnProofOfWorkLimit : bnProofOfStakeLimit;

if (pindexLast == NULL)
        return bnTargetLimit.GetCompact(); // genesis block

int64_t nActualSpacing = pindexPrev->GetBlockTime() - pindexPrevPrev->GetBlockTime();
    int64_t nTargetSpacing = fProofOfStake? nStakeTargetSpacing : min(nTargetSpacingWorkMax, (int64_t) nStakeTargetSpacing * (1 + pindexLast->nHeight - pindexPrev->nHeight));

if (nActualSpacing < 0)
        nActualSpacing = nTargetSpacing;

CBigNum bnNew;
    bnNew.SetCompact(pindexPrev->nBits);

int64_t nInterval = nTargetTimespan / nTargetSpacing;
    bnNew *= ((nInterval - 1) * nTargetSpacing + nActualSpacing + nActualSpacing);
    bnNew /= ((nInterval + 1) * nTargetSpacing);

if (bnNew > bnTargetLimit)
        bnNew = bnTargetLimit;

return bnNew.GetCompact();
}

bool CheckProofOfWork(uint256 hash, unsigned int nBits)
{
    CBigNum bnTarget;
    bnTarget.SetCompact(nBits);

// Check range
    if (bnTarget <= 0 || bnTarget > bnProofOfWorkLimit)
        return error("CheckProofOfWork() : nBits below minimum work");

// Check proof of work matches claimed amount
    if (hash > bnTarget.getuint256())
        return error("CheckProofOfWork() : hash doesn't match nBits");

return true;
}

// Return maximum amount of blocks that other nodes claim to have
int GetNumBlocksOfPeers()
{
    return std::max(cPeerBlockCounts.median(), Checkpoints::GetTotalBlocksEstimate());
}

bool IsInitialBlockDownload()
{
    LOCK(cs_main);
    if (pindexBest == NULL || nBestHeight < Checkpoints::GetTotalBlocksEstimate())
        return true;
    static int64_t nLastUpdate;
    static CBlockIndex* pindexLastBest;
    if (pindexBest != pindexLastBest)
    {
        pindexLastBest = pindexBest;
        nLastUpdate = GetTime();
    }
    return (GetTime() - nLastUpdate < 10 &&
            pindexBest->GetBlockTime() < GetTime() - 24 * 60 * 60);
}

void static InvalidChainFound(CBlockIndex* pindexNew)
{
    if (pindexNew->nChainTrust > nBestInvalidTrust)
    {
        nBestInvalidTrust = pindexNew->nChainTrust;
        CTxDB().WriteBestInvalidTrust(CBigNum(nBestInvalidTrust));
        uiInterface.NotifyBlocksChanged();
    }

uint256 nBestInvalidBlockTrust = pindexNew->nChainTrust - pindexNew->pprev->nChainTrust;
    uint256 nBestBlockTrust = pindexBest->nHeight != 0 ? (pindexBest->nChainTrust - pindexBest->pprev->nChainTrust) : pindexBest->nChainTrust;

LogPrintf("InvalidChainFound: invalid block=%s height=%d trust=%s blocktrust=%d date=%s\n",
        pindexNew->GetBlockHash().ToString().substr(0,20),
        pindexNew->nHeight,
        CBigNum(pindexNew->nChainTrust).ToString(),
        nBestInvalidBlockTrust.Get64(),
        DateTimeStrFormat("%x %H:%M:%S",pindexNew->GetBlockTime()));
    LogPrintf("InvalidChainFound: current best=%s height=%d trust=%s blocktrust=%d date=%s\n",
        hashBestChain.ToString().substr(0,20),
        nBestHeight,
        CBigNum(pindexBest->nChainTrust).ToString(),
        nBestBlockTrust.Get64(),
        DateTimeStrFormat("%x %H:%M:%S", pindexBest->GetBlockTime()));
}

void CBlock::UpdateTime(const CBlockIndex* pindexPrev)
{
    nTime = max(GetBlockTime(), GetAdjustedTime());
}

bool CTransaction::DisconnectInputs(CTxDB& txdb)
{
    // Relinquish previous transactions' spent pointers
    if (!IsCoinBase())
    {
        BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, vin)
        {
            COutPoint prevout = txin.prevout;

// Get prev txindex from disk
            CTxIndex txindex;
            if (!txdb.ReadTxIndex(prevout.hash, txindex))
                return error("DisconnectInputs() : ReadTxIndex failed");

if (prevout.n >= txindex.vSpent.size())
                return error("DisconnectInputs() : prevout.n out of range");

// Mark outpoint as not spent
            txindex.vSpent[prevout.n].SetNull();

// Write back
            if (!txdb.UpdateTxIndex(prevout.hash, txindex))
                return error("DisconnectInputs() : UpdateTxIndex failed");
        }
    }

// Remove transaction from index
    // This can fail if a duplicate of this transaction was in a chain that got
    // reorganized away. This is only possible if this transaction was completely
    // spent, so erasing it would be a no-op anyway.
    txdb.EraseTxIndex(*this);

return true;
}

bool CTransaction::FetchInputs(CTxDB& txdb, const map<uint256, CTxIndex>& mapTestPool,
                               bool fBlock, bool fMiner, MapPrevTx& inputsRet, bool& fInvalid)
{
    // FetchInputs can return false either because we just haven't seen some inputs
    // (in which case the transaction should be stored as an orphan)
    // or because the transaction is malformed (in which case the transaction should
    // be dropped).  If tx is definitely invalid, fInvalid will be set to true.
    fInvalid = false;

if (IsCoinBase())
        return true; // Coinbase transactions have no inputs to fetch.

for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vin.size(); i++)
    {
        COutPoint prevout = vin[i].prevout;
        if (inputsRet.count(prevout.hash))
            continue; // Got it already

// Read txindex
        CTxIndex& txindex = inputsRet[prevout.hash].first;
        bool fFound = true;
        if ((fBlock || fMiner) && mapTestPool.count(prevout.hash))
        {
            // Get txindex from current proposed changes
            txindex = mapTestPool.find(prevout.hash)->second;
        }
        else
        {
            // Read txindex from txdb
            fFound = txdb.ReadTxIndex(prevout.hash, txindex);
        }
        if (!fFound && (fBlock || fMiner))
            return fMiner ? false : error("FetchInputs() : %s prev tx %s index entry not found", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10),  prevout.hash.ToString().substr(0,10));

// Read txPrev
        CTransaction& txPrev = inputsRet[prevout.hash].second;
        if (!fFound || txindex.pos == CDiskTxPos(1,1,1))
        {
            // Get prev tx from single transactions in memory
            if (!mempool.lookup(prevout.hash, txPrev))
                return error("FetchInputs() : %s mempool Tx prev not found %s", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10), prevout.hash.ToString().substr(0,10));

if (!fFound)
                txindex.vSpent.resize(txPrev.vout.size());
        }
        else
        {
            // Get prev tx from disk
            if (!txPrev.ReadFromDisk(txindex.pos))
                return error("FetchInputs() : %s ReadFromDisk prev tx %s failed", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10),  prevout.hash.ToString().substr(0,10));
        }
    }

// Make sure all prevout.n indexes are valid:
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vin.size(); i++)
    {
        const COutPoint prevout = vin[i].prevout;
        assert(inputsRet.count(prevout.hash) != 0);
        const CTxIndex& txindex = inputsRet[prevout.hash].first;
        const CTransaction& txPrev = inputsRet[prevout.hash].second;
        if (prevout.n >= txPrev.vout.size() || prevout.n >= txindex.vSpent.size())
        {
            // Revisit this if/when transaction replacement is implemented and allows
            // adding inputs:
            fInvalid = true;
            return DoS(100, error("FetchInputs() : %s prevout.n out of range %d %u %u prev tx %s\n%s", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10), prevout.n, txPrev.vout.size(), txindex.vSpent.size(), prevout.hash.ToString().substr(0,10), txPrev.ToString()));
        }
    }

return true;
}

const CTxOut& CTransaction::GetOutputFor(const CTxIn& input, const MapPrevTx& inputs) const
{
    MapPrevTx::const_iterator mi = inputs.find(input.prevout.hash);
    if (mi == inputs.end())
        throw std::runtime_error("CTransaction::GetOutputFor() : prevout.hash not found");

const CTransaction& txPrev = (mi->second).second;
    if (input.prevout.n >= txPrev.vout.size())
        throw std::runtime_error("CTransaction::GetOutputFor() : prevout.n out of range");

return txPrev.vout[input.prevout.n];
}

int64_t CTransaction::GetValueIn(const MapPrevTx& inputs) const
{
    if (IsCoinBase())
        return 0;

int64_t nResult = 0;
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vin.size(); i++)
    {
        nResult += GetOutputFor(vin[i], inputs).nValue;
    }
    return nResult;

}

unsigned int CTransaction::GetP2SHSigOpCount(const MapPrevTx& inputs) const
{
    if (IsCoinBase())
        return 0;

unsigned int nSigOps = 0;
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vin.size(); i++)
    {
        const CTxOut& prevout = GetOutputFor(vin[i], inputs);
        if (prevout.scriptPubKey.IsPayToScriptHash())
            nSigOps += prevout.scriptPubKey.GetSigOpCount(vin[i].scriptSig);
    }
    return nSigOps;
}

bool CTransaction::ConnectInputs(CTxDB& txdb, MapPrevTx inputs,
                                 map<uint256, CTxIndex>& mapTestPool, const CDiskTxPos& posThisTx,
                                 const CBlockIndex* pindexBlock, bool fBlock, bool fMiner)
{
    // Take over previous transactions' spent pointers
    // fBlock is true when this is called from AcceptBlock when a new best-block is added to the blockchain
    // fMiner is true when called from the internal bitcoin miner
    // ... both are false when called from CTransaction::AcceptToMemoryPool
    if (!IsCoinBase())
    {
        int64_t nValueIn = 0;
        int64_t nFees = 0;
        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vin.size(); i++)
        {
            COutPoint prevout = vin[i].prevout;
            assert(inputs.count(prevout.hash) > 0);
            CTxIndex& txindex = inputs[prevout.hash].first;
            CTransaction& txPrev = inputs[prevout.hash].second;

if (prevout.n >= txPrev.vout.size() || prevout.n >= txindex.vSpent.size())
                return DoS(100, error("ConnectInputs() : %s prevout.n out of range %d %u %u prev tx %s\n%s", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10), prevout.n, txPrev.vout.size(), txindex.vSpent.size(), prevout.hash.ToString().substr(0,10), txPrev.ToString()));

// If prev is coinbase or coinstake, check that it's matured
            if (txPrev.IsCoinBase() || txPrev.IsCoinStake())
                for (const CBlockIndex* pindex = pindexBlock; pindex && pindexBlock->nHeight - pindex->nHeight < nCoinbaseMaturity; pindex = pindex->pprev)
                    if (pindex->nBlockPos == txindex.pos.nBlockPos && pindex->nFile == txindex.pos.nFile)
                        return error("ConnectInputs() : tried to spend %s at depth %d", txPrev.IsCoinBase() ? "coinbase" : "coinstake", pindexBlock->nHeight - pindex->nHeight);

// ppcoin: check transaction timestamp
            if (txPrev.nTime > nTime)
                return DoS(100, error("ConnectInputs() : transaction timestamp earlier than input transaction"));

// Check for negative or overflow input values
            nValueIn += txPrev.vout[prevout.n].nValue;
            if (!MoneyRange(txPrev.vout[prevout.n].nValue) || !MoneyRange(nValueIn))
                return DoS(100, error("ConnectInputs() : txin values out of range"));

}
        // The first loop above does all the inexpensive checks.
        // Only if ALL inputs pass do we perform expensive ECDSA signature checks.
        // Helps prevent CPU exhaustion attacks.
        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vin.size(); i++)
        {
            COutPoint prevout = vin[i].prevout;
            assert(inputs.count(prevout.hash) > 0);
            CTxIndex& txindex = inputs[prevout.hash].first;
            CTransaction& txPrev = inputs[prevout.hash].second;

// Check for conflicts (double-spend)
            // This doesn't trigger the DoS code on purpose; if it did, it would make it easier
            // for an attacker to attempt to split the network.
            if (!txindex.vSpent[prevout.n].IsNull())
                return fMiner ? false : error("ConnectInputs() : %s prev tx already used at %s", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10), txindex.vSpent[prevout.n].ToString());

// Mark outpoints as spent
            txindex.vSpent[prevout.n] = posThisTx;

// Write back
            if (fBlock || fMiner)
            {
                mapTestPool[prevout.hash] = txindex;
            }
        }

if (IsCoinStake())
        {
            // ppcoin: coin stake tx earns reward instead of paying fee
            uint64_t nCoinAge;
            if (!GetCoinAge(txdb, nCoinAge))
                return error("ConnectInputs() : %s unable to get coin age for coinstake", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10));

int64_t nStakeReward = GetValueOut() - nValueIn;
            int64_t nCalculatedStakeReward = GetProofOfStakeReward(nCoinAge, pindexBlock->nBits, nTime) - GetMinFee() + MIN_TX_FEE;

if (nStakeReward > nCalculatedStakeReward)
                return DoS(100, error("ConnectInputs() : coinstake pays too much(actual=%d vs calculated=%d)", nStakeReward, nCalculatedStakeReward));

}
        else
        {
            if (nValueIn < GetValueOut())
                return DoS(100, error("ConnectInputs() : %s value in < value out", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10)));

// Tally transaction fees
            int64_t nTxFee = nValueIn - GetValueOut();
            if (nTxFee < 0)
                return DoS(100, error("ConnectInputs() : %s nTxFee < 0", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10)));
            // ppcoin: enforce transaction fees for every block
            if (nTxFee < GetMinFee())
                return fBlock? DoS(100, error("ConnectInputs() : %s not paying required fee=%s, paid=%s", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10), FormatMoney(GetMinFee()), FormatMoney(nTxFee))) : false;

nFees += nTxFee;
            if (!MoneyRange(nFees))
                return DoS(100, error("ConnectInputs() : nFees out of range"));
        }
    }

return true;
}

bool CBlock::DisconnectBlock(CTxDB& txdb, CBlockIndex* pindex)
{
    // Disconnect in reverse order
    for (int i = vtx.size()-1; i >= 0; i--)
        if (!vtx[i].DisconnectInputs(txdb))
            return false;

// Update block index on disk without changing it in memory.
    // The memory index structure will be changed after the db commits.
    if (pindex->pprev)
    {
        CDiskBlockIndex blockindexPrev(pindex->pprev);
        blockindexPrev.hashNext = 0;
        if (!txdb.WriteBlockIndex(blockindexPrev))
            return error("DisconnectBlock() : WriteBlockIndex failed");
    }

// ppcoin: clean up wallet after disconnecting coinstake
    BOOST_FOREACH(CTransaction& tx, vtx)
        SyncWithWallets(tx, this, false, false);

return true;
}

bool CBlock::ConnectBlock(CTxDB& txdb, CBlockIndex* pindex, bool fJustCheck)
{
    // Check it again in case a previous version let a bad block in, but skip BlockSig checking
    if (!CheckBlock(!fJustCheck, !fJustCheck, false))
        return false;

//// issue here: it doesn't know the version
    unsigned int nTxPos;
    if (fJustCheck)
        // FetchInputs treats CDiskTxPos(1,1,1) as a special "refer to memorypool" indicator
        // Since we're just checking the block and not actually connecting it, it might not (and probably shouldn't) be on the disk to get the transaction from
        nTxPos = 1;
    else
        nTxPos = pindex->nBlockPos + ::GetSerializeSize(CBlock(), SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION) - (2 * GetSizeOfCompactSize(0)) + GetSizeOfCompactSize(vtx.size());

map<uint256, CTxIndex> mapQueuedChanges;
    int64_t nFees = 0;
    int64_t nValueIn = 0;
    int64_t nValueOut = 0;
    unsigned int nSigOps = 0;
    BOOST_FOREACH(CTransaction& tx, vtx)
    {
        uint256 hashTx = tx.GetHash();

// Do not allow blocks that contain transactions which 'overwrite' older transactions,
        // unless those are already completely spent.
        // If such overwrites are allowed, coinbases and transactions depending upon those
        // can be duplicated to remove the ability to spend the first instance -- even after
        // being sent to another address.
        // See BIP30 and http://r6.ca/blog/20120206T005236Z.html for more information.
        // This logic is not necessary for memory pool transactions, as AcceptToMemoryPool
        // already refuses previously-known transaction ids entirely.
        // This rule was originally applied all blocks whose timestamp was after March 15, 2012, 0:00 UTC.
        // Now that the whole chain is irreversibly beyond that time it is applied to all blocks except the
        // two in the chain that violate it. This prevents exploiting the issue against nodes in their
        // initial block download.
        CTxIndex txindexOld;
        if (txdb.ReadTxIndex(hashTx, txindexOld)) {
            BOOST_FOREACH(CDiskTxPos &pos, txindexOld.vSpent)
            if (pos.IsNull())
                return false;
        }

nSigOps += tx.GetLegacySigOpCount();
        if (nSigOps > MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS)
            return DoS(100, error("ConnectBlock() : too many sigops"));

CDiskTxPos posThisTx(pindex->nFile, pindex->nBlockPos, nTxPos);
        if (!fJustCheck)
            nTxPos += ::GetSerializeSize(tx, SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);

MapPrevTx mapInputs;
        if (tx.IsCoinBase())
            nValueOut += tx.GetValueOut();
        else
        {
            bool fInvalid;
            if (!tx.FetchInputs(txdb, mapQueuedChanges, true, false, mapInputs, fInvalid))
                return false;

// Add in sigops done by pay-to-script-hash inputs;
            // this is to prevent a "rogue miner" from creating
            // an incredibly-expensive-to-validate block.
            nSigOps += tx.GetP2SHSigOpCount(mapInputs);
            if (nSigOps > MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS)
                return DoS(100, error("ConnectBlock() : too many sigops"));

int64_t nTxValueIn = tx.GetValueIn(mapInputs);
            int64_t nTxValueOut = tx.GetValueOut();
            nValueIn += nTxValueIn;
            nValueOut += nTxValueOut;
            if (!tx.IsCoinStake())
                nFees += nTxValueIn - nTxValueOut;

if (!tx.ConnectInputs(txdb, mapInputs, mapQueuedChanges, posThisTx, pindex, true, false))
                return false;
        }

mapQueuedChanges[hashTx] = CTxIndex(posThisTx, tx.vout.size());
    }

// ppcoin: track money supply and mint amount info
    pindex->nMint = nValueOut - nValueIn + nFees;
    pindex->nMoneySupply = (pindex->pprev? pindex->pprev->nMoneySupply : 0) + nValueOut - nValueIn;
    if (!txdb.WriteBlockIndex(CDiskBlockIndex(pindex)))
        return error("Connect() : WriteBlockIndex for pindex failed");

// ppcoin: fees are not collected by miners as in bitcoin
    // ppcoin: fees are destroyed to compensate the entire network

LogPrint("creation", "ConnectBlock() : destroy=%s nFees=%d\n", FormatMoney(nFees), nFees);

if (fJustCheck)
        return true;

// Write queued txindex changes
    for (map<uint256, CTxIndex>::iterator mi = mapQueuedChanges.begin(); mi != mapQueuedChanges.end(); ++mi)
    {
        if (!txdb.UpdateTxIndex((*mi).first, (*mi).second))
            return error("ConnectBlock() : UpdateTxIndex failed");
    }

// Update block index on disk without changing it in memory.
    // The memory index structure will be changed after the db commits.
    if (pindex->pprev)
    {
        CDiskBlockIndex blockindexPrev(pindex->pprev);
        blockindexPrev.hashNext = pindex->GetBlockHash();
        if (!txdb.WriteBlockIndex(blockindexPrev))
            return error("ConnectBlock() : WriteBlockIndex failed");
    }

// Watch for transactions paying to me
    BOOST_FOREACH(CTransaction& tx, vtx)
        SyncWithWallets(tx, this, true);

return true;
}

bool static Reorganize(CTxDB& txdb, CBlockIndex* pindexNew)
{
    LogPrintf("REORGANIZE\n");

// Find the fork
    CBlockIndex* pfork = pindexBest;
    CBlockIndex* plonger = pindexNew;
    while (pfork != plonger)
    {
        while (plonger->nHeight > pfork->nHeight)
            if (!(plonger = plonger->pprev))
                return error("Reorganize() : plonger->pprev is null");
        if (pfork == plonger)
            break;
        if (!(pfork = pfork->pprev))
            return error("Reorganize() : pfork->pprev is null");
    }

// List of what to disconnect
    vector<CBlockIndex*> vDisconnect;
    for (CBlockIndex* pindex = pindexBest; pindex != pfork; pindex = pindex->pprev)
        vDisconnect.push_back(pindex);

// List of what to connect
    vector<CBlockIndex*> vConnect;
    for (CBlockIndex* pindex = pindexNew; pindex != pfork; pindex = pindex->pprev)
        vConnect.push_back(pindex);
    reverse(vConnect.begin(), vConnect.end());

LogPrintf("REORGANIZE: Disconnect %u blocks; %s..%s\n", vDisconnect.size(), pfork->GetBlockHash().ToString().substr(0,20), pindexBest->GetBlockHash().ToString().substr(0,20));
    LogPrintf("REORGANIZE: Connect %u blocks; %s..%s\n", vConnect.size(), pfork->GetBlockHash().ToString().substr(0,20), pindexNew->GetBlockHash().ToString().substr(0,20));

// Disconnect shorter branch
    list<CTransaction> vResurrect;
    BOOST_FOREACH(CBlockIndex* pindex, vDisconnect)
    {
        CBlock block;
        if (!block.ReadFromDisk(pindex))
            return error("Reorganize() : ReadFromDisk for disconnect failed");
        if (!block.DisconnectBlock(txdb, pindex))
            return error("Reorganize() : DisconnectBlock %s failed", pindex->GetBlockHash().ToString().substr(0,20));

// Queue memory transactions to resurrect
        // We only do this for blocks after the last checkpoint (reorganisation before that
        // point should only happen with -reindex/-loadblock, or a misbehaving peer.
        BOOST_REVERSE_FOREACH(const CTransaction& tx, block.vtx)
            if (!(tx.IsCoinBase() || tx.IsCoinStake()) && pindex->nHeight > Checkpoints::GetTotalBlocksEstimate())
                vResurrect.push_front(tx);
    }

// Connect longer branch
    vector<CTransaction> vDelete;
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vConnect.size(); i++)
    {
        CBlockIndex* pindex = vConnect[i];
        CBlock block;
        if (!block.ReadFromDisk(pindex))
            return error("Reorganize() : ReadFromDisk for connect failed");
        if (!block.ConnectBlock(txdb, pindex))
        {
            // Invalid block
            return error("Reorganize() : ConnectBlock %s failed", pindex->GetBlockHash().ToString().substr(0,20));
        }

// Queue memory transactions to delete
        BOOST_FOREACH(const CTransaction& tx, block.vtx)
            vDelete.push_back(tx);
    }
    if (!txdb.WriteHashBestChain(pindexNew->GetBlockHash()))
        return error("Reorganize() : WriteHashBestChain failed");

// Make sure it's successfully written to disk before changing memory structure
    if (!txdb.TxnCommit())
        return error("Reorganize() : TxnCommit failed");

// Disconnect shorter branch
    BOOST_FOREACH(CBlockIndex* pindex, vDisconnect)
        if (pindex->pprev)
            pindex->pprev->pnext = NULL;

// Connect longer branch
    BOOST_FOREACH(CBlockIndex* pindex, vConnect)
        if (pindex->pprev)
            pindex->pprev->pnext = pindex;

// Resurrect memory transactions that were in the disconnected branch
    BOOST_FOREACH(CTransaction& tx, vResurrect)
        AcceptToMemoryPool(mempool, tx, NULL);

// Delete redundant memory transactions that are in the connected branch
    BOOST_FOREACH(CTransaction& tx, vDelete)
        mempool.remove(tx);

LogPrintf("REORGANIZE: done\n");

return true;
}

// Called from inside SetBestChain: attaches a block to the new best chain being built
bool CBlock::SetBestChainInner(CTxDB& txdb, CBlockIndex *pindexNew)
{
    uint256 hash = GetHash();

// Adding to current best branch
    if (!ConnectBlock(txdb, pindexNew) || !txdb.WriteHashBestChain(hash))
    {
        txdb.TxnAbort();
        InvalidChainFound(pindexNew);
        return false;
    }
    if (!txdb.TxnCommit())
        return error("SetBestChain() : TxnCommit failed");

// Add to current best branch
    pindexNew->pprev->pnext = pindexNew;

// Delete redundant memory transactions
    BOOST_FOREACH(CTransaction& tx, vtx)
        mempool.remove(tx);

return true;
}

bool CBlock::SetBestChain(CTxDB& txdb, CBlockIndex* pindexNew)
{
    uint256 hash = GetHash();

if (!txdb.TxnBegin())
        return error("SetBestChain() : TxnBegin failed");

if (pindexGenesisBlock == NULL && hash == (!fTestNet ? hashGenesisBlock : hashGenesisBlockTestNet))
    {
        txdb.WriteHashBestChain(hash);
        if (!txdb.TxnCommit())
            return error("SetBestChain() : TxnCommit failed");
        pindexGenesisBlock = pindexNew;
    }
    else if (hashPrevBlock == hashBestChain)
    {
        if (!SetBestChainInner(txdb, pindexNew))
            return error("SetBestChain() : SetBestChainInner failed");
    }
    else
    {
        // the first block in the new chain that will cause it to become the new best chain
        CBlockIndex *pindexIntermediate = pindexNew;

// list of blocks that need to be connected afterwards
        std::vector<CBlockIndex*> vpindexSecondary;

// Reorganize is costly in terms of db load, as it works in a single db transaction.
        // Try to limit how much needs to be done inside
        while (pindexIntermediate->pprev && pindexIntermediate->pprev->nChainTrust > pindexBest->nChainTrust)
        {
            vpindexSecondary.push_back(pindexIntermediate);
            pindexIntermediate = pindexIntermediate->pprev;
        }

if (!vpindexSecondary.empty())
            LogPrintf("Postponing %u reconnects\n", vpindexSecondary.size());

// Switch to new best branch
        if (!Reorganize(txdb, pindexIntermediate))
        {
            txdb.TxnAbort();
            InvalidChainFound(pindexNew);
            return error("SetBestChain() : Reorganize failed");
        }

// Connect further blocks
        BOOST_REVERSE_FOREACH(CBlockIndex *pindex, vpindexSecondary)
        {
            CBlock block;
            if (!block.ReadFromDisk(pindex))
            {
                LogPrintf("SetBestChain() : ReadFromDisk failed\n");
                break;
            }
            if (!txdb.TxnBegin()) {
                LogPrintf("SetBestChain() : TxnBegin 2 failed\n");
                break;
            }
            // errors now are not fatal, we still did a reorganisation to a new chain in a valid way
            if (!block.SetBestChainInner(txdb, pindex))
                break;
        }
    }

// Update best block in wallet (so we can detect restored wallets)
    bool fIsInitialDownload = IsInitialBlockDownload();
    if (!fIsInitialDownload)
    {
        const CBlockLocator locator(pindexNew);
        ::SetBestChain(locator);
    }

// New best block
    hashBestChain = hash;
    pindexBest = pindexNew;
    pblockindexFBBHLast = NULL;
    nBestHeight = pindexBest->nHeight;
    nBestChainTrust = pindexNew->nChainTrust;
    nTimeBestReceived = GetTime();
    nTransactionsUpdated++;

uint256 nBestBlockTrust = pindexBest->nHeight != 0 ? (pindexBest->nChainTrust - pindexBest->pprev->nChainTrust) : pindexBest->nChainTrust;
    LogPrintf("SetBestChain: new best=%s height=%d trust=%s blocktrust=%d date=%s\n",
        hashBestChain.ToString().substr(0,20),
        nBestHeight,
        CBigNum(nBestChainTrust).ToString(),
        nBestBlockTrust.Get64(),
        DateTimeStrFormat("%x %H:%M:%S", pindexBest->GetBlockTime()));
    // Check the version of the last 100 blocks to see if we need to upgrade:
    if (!fIsInitialDownload)
    {
        int nUpgraded = 0;
        const CBlockIndex* pindex = pindexBest;
        for (int i = 0; i < 100 && pindex != NULL; i++)
        {
            if (pindex->nVersion > CBlock::CURRENT_VERSION)
                ++nUpgraded;
            pindex = pindex->pprev;
        }
        if (nUpgraded > 0)
            LogPrintf("SetBestChain: %d of last 100 blocks above version %d\n", nUpgraded, (int)CBlock::CURRENT_VERSION);
        if (nUpgraded > 100/2)
            // strMiscWarning is read by GetWarnings(), called by Qt and the JSON-RPC code to warn the user:
            strMiscWarning = _("Warning: This version is obsolete, upgrade required!");
    }

std::string strCmd = GetArg("-blocknotify", "");

if (!fIsInitialDownload && !strCmd.empty())
    {
        boost::replace_all(strCmd, "%s", hashBestChain.GetHex());
        boost::thread t(runCommand, strCmd); // thread runs free
    }

return true;
}

// ppcoin: total coin age spent in transaction, in the unit of coin-days.
// Only those coins meeting minimum age requirement counts. As those
// transactions not in main chain are not currently indexed so we
// might not find out about their coin age. Older transactions are 
// guaranteed to be in main chain by sync-checkpoint. This rule is
// introduced to help nodes establish a consistent view of the coin
// age (trust score) of competing branches.
bool CTransaction::GetCoinAge(CTxDB& txdb, uint64_t& nCoinAge) const
{
    CBigNum bnCentSecond = 0;  // coin age in the unit of cent-seconds
    nCoinAge = 0;

if (IsCoinBase())
        return true;

BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, vin)
    {
        // First try finding the previous transaction in database
        CTransaction txPrev;
        CTxIndex txindex;
        if (!txPrev.ReadFromDisk(txdb, txin.prevout, txindex))
            continue;  // previous transaction not in main chain
        if (nTime < txPrev.nTime)
            return false;  // Transaction timestamp violation

// Read block header
        CBlock block;
        if (!block.ReadFromDisk(txindex.pos.nFile, txindex.pos.nBlockPos, false))
            return false; // unable to read block of previous transaction
        if (block.GetBlockTime() + nStakeMinAge > nTime)
            continue; // only count coins meeting min age requirement

int64_t nValueIn = txPrev.vout[txin.prevout.n].nValue;
        bnCentSecond += CBigNum(nValueIn) * (nTime-txPrev.nTime) / CENT;

LogPrint("coinage", "coin age nValueIn=%d nTimeDiff=%d bnCentSecond=%s\n", nValueIn, nTime - txPrev.nTime, bnCentSecond.ToString());
    }

CBigNum bnCoinDay = bnCentSecond * CENT / COIN / (24 * 60 * 60);
    LogPrint("coinage", "coin age bnCoinDay=%s\n", bnCoinDay.ToString());
    nCoinAge = bnCoinDay.getuint64();
    return true;
}

// ppcoin: total coin age spent in block, in the unit of coin-days.
bool CBlock::GetCoinAge(uint64_t& nCoinAge) const
{
    nCoinAge = 0;

CTxDB txdb("r");
    BOOST_FOREACH(const CTransaction& tx, vtx)
    {
        uint64_t nTxCoinAge;
        if (tx.GetCoinAge(txdb, nTxCoinAge))
            nCoinAge += nTxCoinAge;
        else
            return false;
    }

if (nCoinAge == 0) // block coin age minimum 1 coin-day
        nCoinAge = 1;
    LogPrint("coinage", "block coin age total nCoinDays=%d\n", nCoinAge);
    return true;
}

bool CBlock::AddToBlockIndex(unsigned int nFile, unsigned int nBlockPos, const uint256& hashProofOfStake)
{
    // Check for duplicate
    uint256 hash = GetHash();
    if (mapBlockIndex.count(hash))
        return error("AddToBlockIndex() : %s already exists", hash.ToString().substr(0,20));

// Construct new block index object
    CBlockIndex* pindexNew = new CBlockIndex(nFile, nBlockPos, *this);
    if (!pindexNew)
        return error("AddToBlockIndex() : new CBlockIndex failed");
    pindexNew->phashBlock = &hash;
    map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator miPrev = mapBlockIndex.find(hashPrevBlock);
    if (miPrev != mapBlockIndex.end())
    {
        pindexNew->pprev = (*miPrev).second;
        pindexNew->nHeight = pindexNew->pprev->nHeight + 1;
    }

// ppcoin: compute chain trust score
    pindexNew->nChainTrust = (pindexNew->pprev ? pindexNew->pprev->nChainTrust : 0) + pindexNew->GetBlockTrust();

// ppcoin: compute stake entropy bit for stake modifier
    if (!pindexNew->SetStakeEntropyBit(GetStakeEntropyBit(pindexNew->nHeight)))
        return error("AddToBlockIndex() : SetStakeEntropyBit() failed");

// ppcoin: record proof-of-stake hash value
    pindexNew->hashProofOfStake = hashProofOfStake;

// ppcoin: compute stake modifier
    uint64_t nStakeModifier = 0;
    bool fGeneratedStakeModifier = false;
    if (!ComputeNextStakeModifier(pindexNew->pprev, nStakeModifier, fGeneratedStakeModifier))
        return error("AddToBlockIndex() : ComputeNextStakeModifier() failed");
    pindexNew->SetStakeModifier(nStakeModifier, fGeneratedStakeModifier);
    pindexNew->nStakeModifierChecksum = GetStakeModifierChecksum(pindexNew);
    if (!CheckStakeModifierCheckpoints(pindexNew->nHeight, pindexNew->nStakeModifierChecksum))
        return error("AddToBlockIndex() : Rejected by stake modifier checkpoint height=%d, modifier=0x%016x", pindexNew->nHeight, nStakeModifier);

// Add to mapBlockIndex
    map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.insert(make_pair(hash, pindexNew)).first;
    if (pindexNew->IsProofOfStake())
        setStakeSeen.insert(make_pair(pindexNew->prevoutStake, pindexNew->nStakeTime));
    pindexNew->phashBlock = &((*mi).first);

// Write to disk block index
    CTxDB txdb;
    if (!txdb.TxnBegin())
        return false;
    txdb.WriteBlockIndex(CDiskBlockIndex(pindexNew));
    if (!txdb.TxnCommit())
        return false;

LOCK(cs_main);

// New best
    if (pindexNew->nChainTrust > nBestChainTrust)
        if (!SetBestChain(txdb, pindexNew))
            return false;

if (pindexNew == pindexBest)
    {
        // Notify UI to display prev block's coinbase if it was ours
        static uint256 hashPrevBestCoinBase;
        UpdatedTransaction(hashPrevBestCoinBase);
        hashPrevBestCoinBase = vtx[0].GetHash();
    }

uiInterface.NotifyBlocksChanged();
    return true;
}

bool CBlock::CheckBlock(bool fCheckPOW, bool fCheckMerkleRoot, bool fCheckSig) const
{
    // These are checks that are independent of context
    // that can be verified before saving an orphan block.

// Size limits
    if (vtx.empty() || vtx.size() > MAX_BLOCK_SIZE || ::GetSerializeSize(*this, SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION) > MAX_BLOCK_SIZE)
        return DoS(100, error("CheckBlock() : size limits failed"));

// Check proof of work matches claimed amount
    if (fCheckPOW && IsProofOfWork() && !CheckProofOfWork(GetHash(), nBits))
        return DoS(50, error("CheckBlock() : proof of work failed"));

// Check timestamp
    if (GetBlockTime() > FutureDrift(GetAdjustedTime()))
        return error("CheckBlock() : block timestamp too far in the future");

// First transaction must be coinbase, the rest must not be
    if (vtx.empty() || !vtx[0].IsCoinBase())
        return DoS(100, error("CheckBlock() : first tx is not coinbase"));
    for (unsigned int i = 1; i < vtx.size(); i++)
        if (vtx[i].IsCoinBase())
            return DoS(100, error("CheckBlock() : more than one coinbase"));

// Check coinbase timestamp
    if (GetBlockTime() > FutureDrift((int64_t)vtx[0].nTime))
        return DoS(50, error("CheckBlock() : coinbase timestamp is too early"));

if (IsProofOfStake())
    {
        // ppcoin: only the second transaction can be the optional coinstake
        for (unsigned int i = 2; i < vtx.size(); i++)
        if (vtx[i].IsCoinStake())
            return DoS(100, error("CheckBlock() : coinstake in wrong position"));

// Coinbase output should be empty if proof-of-stake block
        if (IsProofOfStake() && (vtx[0].vout.size() != 1 || !vtx[0].vout[0].IsEmpty()))
            return DoS(100, error("CheckBlock() : coinbase output not empty for proof-of-stake block"));

// Check coinstake timestamp
        if (IsProofOfStake() && !CheckCoinStakeTimestamp(GetBlockTime(), (int64_t)vtx[1].nTime))
            return DoS(50, error("CheckBlock() : coinstake timestamp violation nTimeBlock=%d nTimeTx=%u", GetBlockTime(), vtx[1].nTime));

// NovaCoin: check proof-of-stake block signature
        if (fCheckSig && !CheckBlockSignature(true))
            return DoS(100, error("CheckBlock() : bad proof-of-stake block signature"));
     }
     else
     {

// Check coinbase reward
        int64_t nTimeBlock = GetBlockTime();
        if (nTimeBlock < REWARD_SWITCH_TIME)
        {
           if (vtx[0].GetValueOut() > (IsProofOfWork()? MAX_MINT_PROOF_OF_WORK : 0))
              return DoS(50, error("CheckBlock() : coinbase reward exceeded %s > %s",
                 FormatMoney(vtx[0].GetValueOut()),
                 FormatMoney(IsProofOfWork()? GetProofOfWorkReward() : 0)));
        }
        else
        {
            if (vtx[0].GetValueOut() > (IsProofOfWork()? (GetProofOfWorkReward() - vtx[0].GetMinFee() + MIN_TX_FEE) : 0))
              return DoS(50, error("CheckBlock() : coinbase reward exceeded %s > %s",
                 FormatMoney(vtx[0].GetValueOut()),
                 FormatMoney(IsProofOfWork()? GetProofOfWorkReward() : 0)));
        }

}

// Check transactions
    BOOST_FOREACH(const CTransaction& tx, vtx)
    {
        if (!tx.CheckTransaction())
            return DoS(tx.nDoS, error("CheckBlock() : CheckTransaction failed"));

// ppcoin: check transaction timestamp
        if (GetBlockTime() < (int64_t)tx.nTime)
            return DoS(50, error("CheckBlock() : block timestamp earlier than transaction timestamp"));
    }

// Check for duplicate txids. This is caught by ConnectInputs(),
    // but catching it earlier avoids a potential DoS attack:
    set<uint256> uniqueTx;
    BOOST_FOREACH(const CTransaction& tx, vtx)
    {
        uniqueTx.insert(tx.GetHash());
    }
    if (uniqueTx.size() != vtx.size())
        return DoS(100, error("CheckBlock() : duplicate transaction"));

unsigned int nSigOps = 0;
    BOOST_FOREACH(const CTransaction& tx, vtx)
    {
        nSigOps += tx.GetLegacySigOpCount();
    }
    if (nSigOps > MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS)
        return DoS(100, error("CheckBlock() : out-of-bounds SigOpCount"));

// Check merkle root
    if (fCheckMerkleRoot && hashMerkleRoot != BuildMerkleTree())
        return DoS(100, error("CheckBlock() : hashMerkleRoot mismatch"));

return true;
}

bool CBlock::AcceptBlock()
{
    AssertLockHeld(cs_main);

// Check for duplicate
    uint256 hash = GetHash();
    if (mapBlockIndex.count(hash))
        return error("AcceptBlock() : block already in mapBlockIndex");

// Get prev block index
    map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.find(hashPrevBlock);
    if (mi == mapBlockIndex.end())
        return DoS(10, error("AcceptBlock() : prev block not found"));
    CBlockIndex* pindexPrev = (*mi).second;
    int nHeight = pindexPrev->nHeight+1;

// Check proof-of-work or proof-of-stake
    if (nBits != GetNextTargetRequired(pindexPrev, IsProofOfStake()))
        return DoS(100, error("AcceptBlock() : incorrect %s", IsProofOfWork() ? "proof-of-work" : "proof-of-stake"));

// Check timestamp against prev
    if (GetBlockTime() <= pindexPrev->GetPastTimeLimit() || FutureDrift(GetBlockTime()) < pindexPrev->GetBlockTime())
        return error("AcceptBlock() : block's timestamp is too early");

// Check that all transactions are finalized
    BOOST_FOREACH(const CTransaction& tx, vtx)
        if (!IsFinalTx(tx, nHeight, GetBlockTime()))
            return DoS(10, error("AcceptBlock() : contains a non-final transaction"));

// Check that the block chain matches the known block chain up to a checkpoint
    if (!Checkpoints::CheckHardened(nHeight, hash))
        return DoS(100, error("AcceptBlock() : rejected by hardened checkpoint lock-in at %d", nHeight));

// Verify hash target and signature of coinstake tx
    uint256 hashProofOfStake = 0, targetProofOfStake = 0;
    if (IsProofOfStake())
    {
        if (!CheckProofOfStake(vtx[1], nBits, hashProofOfStake, targetProofOfStake))
        {
            LogPrintf("WARNING: AcceptBlock(): check proof-of-stake failed for block %s\n", hash.ToString());
            return false; // do not error here as we expect this during initial block download

}
    }

bool cpSatisfies = Checkpoints::CheckSync(hash, pindexPrev);

// Check that the block satisfies synchronized checkpoint
    if (CheckpointsMode == Checkpoints::STRICT && !cpSatisfies)
        return error("AcceptBlock() : rejected by synchronized checkpoint");

if (CheckpointsMode == Checkpoints::ADVISORY && !cpSatisfies)
        strMiscWarning = _("WARNING: syncronized checkpoint violation detected, but skipped!");

// Enforce rule that the coinbase starts with serialized block height
    CScript expect = CScript() << nHeight;
    if (vtx[0].vin[0].scriptSig.size() < expect.size() ||
        !std::equal(expect.begin(), expect.end(), vtx[0].vin[0].scriptSig.begin()))
        return DoS(100, error("AcceptBlock() : block height mismatch in coinbase"));

// Write block to history file
    if (!CheckDiskSpace(::GetSerializeSize(*this, SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION)))
        return error("AcceptBlock() : out of disk space");
    unsigned int nFile = -1;
    unsigned int nBlockPos = 0;
    if (!WriteToDisk(nFile, nBlockPos))
        return error("AcceptBlock() : WriteToDisk failed");
    if (!AddToBlockIndex(nFile, nBlockPos, hashProofOfStake))
        return error("AcceptBlock() : AddToBlockIndex failed");

// Relay inventory, but don't relay old inventory during initial block download
    int nBlockEstimate = Checkpoints::GetTotalBlocksEstimate();
    if (hashBestChain == hash)
    {
        LOCK(cs_vNodes);
        BOOST_FOREACH(CNode* pnode, vNodes)
            if (nBestHeight > (pnode->nStartingHeight != -1 ? pnode->nStartingHeight - 2000 : nBlockEstimate))
                pnode->PushInventory(CInv(MSG_BLOCK, hash));
    }

// ppcoin: check pending sync-checkpoint
    Checkpoints::AcceptPendingSyncCheckpoint();

return true;
}

bool CBlockIndex::IsSuperMajority(int minVersion, const CBlockIndex* pstart, unsigned int nRequired, unsigned int nToCheck)
{
    unsigned int nFound = 0;
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < nToCheck && nFound < nRequired && pstart != NULL; i++)
    {
        if (pstart->nVersion >= minVersion)
            ++nFound;
        pstart = pstart->pprev;
    }
    return (nFound >= nRequired);
}

void Misbehaving(NodeId pnode, int howmuch)
{
    if (howmuch == 0)
        return;

CNodeState *state = State(pnode);
    if (state == NULL)
        return;

state->nMisbehavior += howmuch;
    if (state->nMisbehavior >= GetArg("-banscore", 100))
    {
        LogPrintf("Misbehaving: %s (%d -> %d) BAN THRESHOLD EXCEEDED\n", state->name, state->nMisbehavior-howmuch, state->nMisbehavior);
        state->fShouldBan = true;
    } else
        LogPrintf("Misbehaving: %s (%d -> %d)\n", state->name, state->nMisbehavior-howmuch, state->nMisbehavior);
}

uint256 CBlockIndex::GetBlockTrust() const
{
    CBigNum bnTarget;
    bnTarget.SetCompact(nBits);
    if (bnTarget <= 0)
        return 0;

if (IsProofOfStake())
    {
        // Return trust score as usual
        return ((CBigNum(1)<<256) / (bnTarget+1)).getuint256();
    }
    else
    {
        // Calculate work amount for block
        uint256 nPoWTrust = (CBigNum(bnProofOfWorkLimit) / (bnTarget+1)).getuint256();
        return nPoWTrust > 1 ? nPoWTrust : 1;
    }
}

bool ProcessBlock(CNode* pfrom, CBlock* pblock)
{
     AssertLockHeld(cs_main);

// Check for duplicate
    uint256 hash = pblock->GetHash();
    if (mapBlockIndex.count(hash))
        return error("ProcessBlock() : already have block %d %s", mapBlockIndex[hash]->nHeight, hash.ToString().substr(0,20));
    if (mapOrphanBlocks.count(hash))
        return error("ProcessBlock() : already have block (orphan) %s", hash.ToString().substr(0,20));

// ppcoin: check proof-of-stake
    // Limited duplicity on stake: prevents block flood attack
    // Duplicate stake allowed only when there is orphan child block
    if (pblock->IsProofOfStake() && setStakeSeen.count(pblock->GetProofOfStake()) && !mapOrphanBlocksByPrev.count(hash) && !Checkpoints::WantedByPendingSyncCheckpoint(hash))
        return error("ProcessBlock() : duplicate proof-of-stake (%s, %d) for block %s", pblock->GetProofOfStake().first.ToString(), pblock->GetProofOfStake().second, hash.ToString());

// Preliminary checks
    if (!pblock->CheckBlock())
        return error("ProcessBlock() : CheckBlock FAILED");

CBlockIndex* pcheckpoint = Checkpoints::GetLastSyncCheckpoint();
    if (pcheckpoint && pblock->hashPrevBlock != hashBestChain && !Checkpoints::WantedByPendingSyncCheckpoint(hash))
    {
        // Extra checks to prevent "fill up memory by spamming with bogus blocks"
        int64_t deltaTime = pblock->GetBlockTime() - pcheckpoint->nTime;
        CBigNum bnNewBlock;
        bnNewBlock.SetCompact(pblock->nBits);
        CBigNum bnRequired;

if (pblock->IsProofOfStake())
           bnRequired.SetCompact(ComputeMinStake(GetLastBlockIndex(pcheckpoint, true)->nBits, deltaTime, pblock->nTime));
        else
           bnRequired.SetCompact(ComputeMinWork(GetLastBlockIndex(pcheckpoint, false)->nBits, deltaTime));

if (bnNewBlock > bnRequired)
        {
            if (pfrom)
               Misbehaving(pfrom->GetId(), 100);
            return error("ProcessBlock() : block with too little %s", pblock->IsProofOfStake()? "proof-of-stake" : "proof-of-work");
        }
    }

// ppcoin: ask for pending sync-checkpoint if any
    if (!IsInitialBlockDownload())
        Checkpoints::AskForPendingSyncCheckpoint(pfrom);

// If don't already have its previous block, shunt it off to holding area until we get it
    if (!mapBlockIndex.count(pblock->hashPrevBlock))
    {
        LogPrintf("ProcessBlock: ORPHAN BLOCK, prev=%s\n", pblock->hashPrevBlock.ToString().substr(0,20));
        // check proof-of-stake
        if (pblock->IsProofOfStake())
        {
            // Limited duplicity on stake: prevents block flood attack
            // Duplicate stake allowed only when there is orphan child block
            if (setStakeSeenOrphan.count(pblock->GetProofOfStake()) && !mapOrphanBlocksByPrev.count(hash) && !Checkpoints::WantedByPendingSyncCheckpoint(hash))
                return error("ProcessBlock() : duplicate proof-of-stake (%s, %d) for orphan block %s", pblock->GetProofOfStake().first.ToString(), pblock->GetProofOfStake().second, hash.ToString());
            else
                setStakeSeenOrphan.insert(pblock->GetProofOfStake());
        }
        CBlock* pblock2 = new CBlock(*pblock);
        mapOrphanBlocks.insert(make_pair(hash, pblock2));
        mapOrphanBlocksByPrev.insert(make_pair(pblock2->hashPrevBlock, pblock2));

// Ask this guy to fill in what we're missing
        if (pfrom)
        {
            pfrom->PushGetBlocks(pindexBest, GetOrphanRoot(pblock2));
            // ppcoin: getblocks may not obtain the ancestor block rejected
            // earlier by duplicate-stake check so we ask for it again directly
            if (!IsInitialBlockDownload())
                pfrom->AskFor(CInv(MSG_BLOCK, WantedByOrphan(pblock2)));
        }
        return true;
    }

// Store to disk
    if (!pblock->AcceptBlock())
        return error("ProcessBlock() : AcceptBlock FAILED");

// Recursively process any orphan blocks that depended on this one
    vector<uint256> vWorkQueue;
    vWorkQueue.push_back(hash);
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vWorkQueue.size(); i++)
    {
        uint256 hashPrev = vWorkQueue[i];
        for (multimap<uint256, CBlock*>::iterator mi = mapOrphanBlocksByPrev.lower_bound(hashPrev);
             mi != mapOrphanBlocksByPrev.upper_bound(hashPrev);
             ++mi)
        {
            CBlock* pblockOrphan = (*mi).second;
            if (pblockOrphan->AcceptBlock())
                vWorkQueue.push_back(pblockOrphan->GetHash());
            mapOrphanBlocks.erase(pblockOrphan->GetHash());
            setStakeSeenOrphan.erase(pblockOrphan->GetProofOfStake());
            delete pblockOrphan;
        }
        mapOrphanBlocksByPrev.erase(hashPrev);
    }

LogPrintf("ProcessBlock: ACCEPTED\n");

if (fGlobalStakeForCharity && !IsInitialBlockDownload())
        pWalletManager->StakeForCharity();

// ppcoin: if responsible for sync-checkpoint send it
    if (pfrom && !CSyncCheckpoint::strMasterPrivKey.empty())
        Checkpoints::SendSyncCheckpoint(Checkpoints::AutoSelectSyncCheckpoint());

return true;
}

// novacoin: attempt to generate suitable proof-of-stake
bool CBlock::SignPoSBlock(CWallet& wallet)
{
    // if we are trying to sign
    // something except proof-of-stake block template
    if (!vtx[0].vout[0].IsEmpty())
        return false;

// if we are trying to sign
    // a complete proof-of-stake block
    if (IsProofOfStake())
        return true;

static int64_t nLastCoinStakeSearchTime = GetAdjustedTime(); // startup timestamp

CKey key;
    CTransaction txCoinStake;
    int64_t nSearchTime = txCoinStake.nTime; // search to current time

if (nSearchTime > nLastCoinStakeSearchTime)
    {
        if (wallet.CreateCoinStake(wallet, nBits, nSearchTime-nLastCoinStakeSearchTime, txCoinStake, key))
        {
            if (txCoinStake.nTime >= max(pindexBest->GetPastTimeLimit()+1, PastDrift(pindexBest->GetBlockTime())))
            {
                // make sure coinstake would meet timestamp protocol
                // as it would be the same as the block timestamp
                vtx[0].nTime = nTime = txCoinStake.nTime;
                nTime = max(pindexBest->GetPastTimeLimit()+1, GetMaxTransactionTime());
                nTime = max(GetBlockTime(), PastDrift(pindexBest->GetBlockTime()));

// we have to make sure that we have no future timestamps in
                // our transactions set
                for (vector<CTransaction>::iterator it = vtx.begin(); it != vtx.end();)
                    if (it->nTime > nTime) { it = vtx.erase(it); } else { ++it; }

vtx.insert(vtx.begin() + 1, txCoinStake);
                hashMerkleRoot = BuildMerkleTree();

// append a signature to our block
                return key.Sign(GetHash(), vchBlockSig);
            }
        }
        nLastCoinStakeSearchInterval = nSearchTime - nLastCoinStakeSearchTime;
        nLastCoinStakeSearchTime = nSearchTime;
    }

return false;
}

// hbn: sign block for PoW
bool CBlock::SignBlock(const CKeyStore& keystore)
{
    vector<valtype> vSolutions;
    txnouttype whichType;

for(unsigned int i = 0; i < vtx[0].vout.size(); i++)
    {
        const CTxOut& txout = vtx[0].vout[i];

if (!Solver(txout.scriptPubKey, whichType, vSolutions))
            continue;

if (whichType == TX_PUBKEY)
        {
            // Sign
            valtype& vchPubKey = vSolutions[0];
            CKey key;

if (!keystore.GetKey(Hash160(vchPubKey), key))
                continue;

if (key.GetPubKey() != vchPubKey)
                continue;

if(!key.Sign(GetHash(), vchBlockSig))
                continue;

return true;
        }
    }

LogPrintf("Sign failed\n");
    return false;
}

// ppcoin: check block signature
bool CBlock::CheckBlockSignature(bool fProofOfStake) const
{
    if (GetHash() == (!fTestNet ? hashGenesisBlock : hashGenesisBlockTestNet))
        return vchBlockSig.empty();

vector<valtype> vSolutions;
    txnouttype whichType;

if(fProofOfStake)
    {
        const CTxOut& txout = vtx[1].vout[1];

if (!Solver(txout.scriptPubKey, whichType, vSolutions))
            return false;
        if (whichType == TX_PUBKEY)
        {
            valtype& vchPubKey = vSolutions[0];
            CKey key;
            if (!key.SetPubKey(vchPubKey))
                return false;
            if (vchBlockSig.empty())
                return false;
            return key.Verify(GetHash(), vchBlockSig);
        }
    }
    else
    {
        for(unsigned int i = 0; i < vtx[0].vout.size(); i++)
        {
            const CTxOut& txout = vtx[0].vout[i];

if (!Solver(txout.scriptPubKey, whichType, vSolutions))
                return false;

if (whichType == TX_PUBKEY)
            {
                // Verify
                valtype& vchPubKey = vSolutions[0];
                CKey key;
                if (!key.SetPubKey(vchPubKey))
                    continue;
                if (vchBlockSig.empty())
                    continue;
                if(!key.Verify(GetHash(), vchBlockSig))
                    continue;

return true;
            }
        }
    }
    return false;
}

bool CheckDiskSpace(uint64_t nAdditionalBytes)
{
    uint64_t nFreeBytesAvailable = filesystem::space(GetDataDir()).available;

// Check for nMinDiskSpace bytes (currently 50MB)
    if (nFreeBytesAvailable < nMinDiskSpace + nAdditionalBytes)
    {
        fShutdown = true;
        string strMessage = _("Warning: Disk space is low!");
        strMiscWarning = strMessage;
        LogPrintf("*** %s\n", strMessage);
        uiInterface.ThreadSafeMessageBox(strMessage, "HoboNickels", CClientUIInterface::MSG_WARNING);
        StartShutdown();
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

static filesystem::path BlockFilePath(unsigned int nFile)
{
    string strBlockFn = strprintf("blk%04u.dat", nFile);
    return GetDataDir() / strBlockFn;
}

FILE* OpenBlockFile(unsigned int nFile, unsigned int nBlockPos, const char* pszMode)
{
    if ((nFile < 1) || (nFile == (unsigned int) -1))
        return NULL;
    FILE* file = fopen(BlockFilePath(nFile).string().c_str(), pszMode);
    if (!file)
        return NULL;
    if (nBlockPos != 0 && !strchr(pszMode, 'a') && !strchr(pszMode, 'w'))
    {
        if (fseek(file, nBlockPos, SEEK_SET) != 0)
        {
            fclose(file);
            return NULL;
        }
    }
    return file;
}

static unsigned int nCurrentBlockFile = 1;

FILE* AppendBlockFile(unsigned int& nFileRet)
{
    nFileRet = 0;
    while (true)
    {
        FILE* file = OpenBlockFile(nCurrentBlockFile, 0, "ab");
        if (!file)
            return NULL;
        if (fseek(file, 0, SEEK_END) != 0)
            return NULL;
        // FAT32 file size max 4GB, fseek and ftell max 2GB, so we must stay under 2GB
        if (ftell(file) < (long)(0x7F000000 - MAX_SIZE))
        {
            nFileRet = nCurrentBlockFile;
            return file;
        }
        fclose(file);
        nCurrentBlockFile++;
    }
}

bool LoadBlockIndex(bool fAllowNew)
{
    LOCK(cs_main);

if (fTestNet)
    {
        pchMessageStart[0] = 0xcd;
        pchMessageStart[1] = 0xf2;
        pchMessageStart[2] = 0xc0;
        pchMessageStart[3] = 0xef;

bnProofOfStakeLimit = bnProofOfStakeLimitTestNet; // 0x00000fff PoS base target is fixed in testnet
        bnProofOfWorkLimit = bnProofOfWorkLimitTestNet; // 0x0000ffff PoW base target is fixed in testnet
        nStakeMinAge = 2 * 60 * 60; // test net min age is 2 hours
        nModifierInterval = 20 * 60; // test modifier interval is 20 minutes
        nCoinbaseMaturity = 10; // test maturity is 10 blocks
        nStakeTargetSpacing = 1 * 60; // test block spacing is 3 minutes
    }

//
    // Load block index
    //
    CTxDB txdb("cr");
    if (!txdb.LoadBlockIndex())
        return false;
    txdb.Close();

//
    // Init with genesis block
    //
    if (mapBlockIndex.empty())
    {
        if (!fAllowNew)
            return false;

// Genesis block

const char* pszTimestamp = !fTestNet ? "HoboNickels are Go!" : "Tranz Testnet";

CTransaction txNew;
        txNew.nTime = nChainStartTime;
        txNew.vin.resize(1);
        txNew.vout.resize(1);
        txNew.vin[0].scriptSig = CScript() << 486604799 << CBigNum(9999) << vector<unsigned char>((const unsigned char*)pszTimestamp, (const unsigned char*)pszTimestamp + strlen(pszTimestamp));
        txNew.vout[0].SetEmpty();
        CBlock block;
        block.vtx.push_back(txNew);
        block.hashPrevBlock = 0;
        block.hashMerkleRoot = block.BuildMerkleTree();
        block.nVersion = 1;
        block.nTime    = 1374635824;
        block.nBits    = bnProofOfWorkLimit.GetCompact();
        block.nNonce   = 4215582;
        if (fTestNet)
        {
            block.nTime    = 1380383684;
            block.nBits    = bnProofOfWorkLimit.GetCompact();
            block.nNonce   = 47018;
        }

if (true  && (block.GetHash() != hashGenesisBlock)) {
	 
		// This will figure out a valid hash and Nonce if you're
		// creating a different genesis block:
		    uint256 hashTarget = CBigNum().SetCompact(block.nBits).getuint256();
		    while (block.GetHash() > hashTarget)
		       {
		           ++block.nNonce;
		           if (block.nNonce == 0)
		           {
			       LogPrintf("NONCE WRAPPED, incrementing time");
		               ++block.nTime;
		           }
		       }
        }

//// debug print
        LogPrintf("block.GetHash() == %s\n", block.GetHash().ToString());
        LogPrintf("block.hashMerkleRoot == %s\n", block.hashMerkleRoot.ToString());
        LogPrintf("block.nTime = %u \n", block.nTime);
        LogPrintf("block.nNonce = %u \n", block.nNonce);

if (fTestNet)
        {
           assert(block.hashMerkleRoot == uint256("0x25756655bce43a9b72363c06979768cafba833a10de2e754fbef715a217ed241"));
        }
        else
        {
           assert(block.hashMerkleRoot == uint256("0xbe06386a1644f7448ff25d28862b6c28e3a334e4a58f1c5ebd99ee49daa370c7"));
        }

assert(block.GetHash() == (!fTestNet ? hashGenesisBlock : hashGenesisBlockTestNet));

// Start new block file
        unsigned int nFile;
        unsigned int nBlockPos;
        if (!block.WriteToDisk(nFile, nBlockPos))
            return error("LoadBlockIndex() : writing genesis block to disk failed");
        if (!block.AddToBlockIndex(nFile, nBlockPos, 0))
            return error("LoadBlockIndex() : genesis block not accepted");

// ppcoin: initialize synchronized checkpoint
        if (!Checkpoints::WriteSyncCheckpoint((!fTestNet ? hashGenesisBlock : hashGenesisBlockTestNet)))
            return error("LoadBlockIndex() : failed to init sync checkpoint");
    }

// ppcoin: if checkpoint master key changed must reset sync-checkpoint
    {
        CTxDB txdb;
        string strPubKey = "";
        if (!txdb.ReadCheckpointPubKey(strPubKey) || strPubKey != CSyncCheckpoint::strMasterPubKey)
        {
            // write checkpoint master key to db
            txdb.TxnBegin();
            if (!txdb.WriteCheckpointPubKey(CSyncCheckpoint::strMasterPubKey))
                return error("LoadBlockIndex() : failed to write new checkpoint master key to db");
            if (!txdb.TxnCommit())
                return error("LoadBlockIndex() : failed to commit new checkpoint master key to db");
            if ((!fTestNet) && !Checkpoints::ResetSyncCheckpoint())
                return error("LoadBlockIndex() : failed to reset sync-checkpoint");
        }
#ifndef USE_LEVELDB
        txdb.Close();
#endif

}

return true;
}

void PrintBlockTree()
{
    AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
    // pre-compute tree structure
    map<CBlockIndex*, vector<CBlockIndex*> > mapNext;
    for (map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.begin(); mi != mapBlockIndex.end(); ++mi)
    {
        CBlockIndex* pindex = (*mi).second;
        mapNext[pindex->pprev].push_back(pindex);
    }

vector<pair<int, CBlockIndex*> > vStack;
    vStack.push_back(make_pair(0, pindexGenesisBlock));

int nPrevCol = 0;
    while (!vStack.empty())
    {
        int nCol = vStack.back().first;
        CBlockIndex* pindex = vStack.back().second;
        vStack.pop_back();

// print split or gap
        if (nCol > nPrevCol)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < nCol-1; i++)
                LogPrintf("| ");
            LogPrintf("|\\\n");
        }
        else if (nCol < nPrevCol)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < nCol; i++)
                LogPrintf("| ");
            LogPrintf("|\n");
       }
        nPrevCol = nCol;

// print columns
        for (int i = 0; i < nCol; i++)
            LogPrintf("| ");

// print item
        CBlock block;
        block.ReadFromDisk(pindex);
        LogPrintf("%d (%u,%u) %s  %08x  %s  mint %7s  tx %u",
            pindex->nHeight,
            pindex->nFile,
            pindex->nBlockPos,
            block.GetHash().ToString(),
            block.nBits,
            DateTimeStrFormat("%x %H:%M:%S", block.GetBlockTime()),
            FormatMoney(pindex->nMint),
            block.vtx.size());

PrintWallets(block);

// put the main time-chain first
        vector<CBlockIndex*>& vNext = mapNext[pindex];
        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vNext.size(); i++)
        {
            if (vNext[i]->pnext)
            {
                swap(vNext[0], vNext[i]);
                break;
            }
        }

// iterate children
        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vNext.size(); i++)
            vStack.push_back(make_pair(nCol+i, vNext[i]));
    }
}
bool LoadExternalBlockFile(FILE* fileIn)
{
    int64_t nStart = GetTimeMillis();

int nLoaded = 0;
    {
        LOCK(cs_main);
        try {
            CAutoFile blkdat(fileIn, SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
            unsigned int nPos = 0;
            while (nPos != (unsigned int)-1 && blkdat.good() && !fRequestShutdown)
            {
                unsigned char pchData[65536];
                do {
                    fseek(blkdat, nPos, SEEK_SET);
                    int nRead = fread(pchData, 1, sizeof(pchData), blkdat);
                    if (nRead <= 8)
                    {
                        nPos = (unsigned int)-1;
                        break;
                    }
                    void* nFind = memchr(pchData, pchMessageStart[0], nRead+1-sizeof(pchMessageStart));
                    if (nFind)
                    {
                        if (memcmp(nFind, pchMessageStart, sizeof(pchMessageStart))==0)
                        {
                            nPos += ((unsigned char*)nFind - pchData) + sizeof(pchMessageStart);
                            break;
                        }
                        nPos += ((unsigned char*)nFind - pchData) + 1;
                    }
                    else
                        nPos += sizeof(pchData) - sizeof(pchMessageStart) + 1;
                } while(!fRequestShutdown);
                if (nPos == (unsigned int)-1)
                    break;
                fseek(blkdat, nPos, SEEK_SET);
                unsigned int nSize;
                blkdat >> nSize;
                if (nSize > 0 && nSize <= MAX_BLOCK_SIZE)
                {
                    CBlock block;
                    blkdat >> block;
                    if (ProcessBlock(NULL,&block))
                    {
                        nLoaded++;
                        nPos += 4 + nSize;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        catch (std::exception &e) {
            LogPrintf("%s() : Deserialize or I/O error caught during load\n",
                   __PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
        }
    }
    LogPrintf("Loaded %i blocks from external file in %dms\n", nLoaded, GetTimeMillis() - nStart);
    return nLoaded > 0;
}

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// CAlert
//

extern map<uint256, CAlert> mapAlerts;
extern CCriticalSection cs_mapAlerts;

extern string strMintMessage;
extern string strMintWarning;

string GetWarnings(string strFor)
{
    int nPriority = 0;
    string strStatusBar;
    string strRPC;

if (GetBoolArg("-testsafemode"))
        strRPC = "test";

if (!CLIENT_VERSION_IS_RELEASE)
        strStatusBar = _("This is a pre-release test build - use at your own risk - do not use for mining or merchant applications");

// ppcoin: wallet lock warning for minting
    if (strMintWarning != "")
    {
        nPriority = 0;
        strStatusBar = strMintWarning;
    }

// Misc warnings like out of disk space and clock is wrong
    if (strMiscWarning != "")
    {
        nPriority = 1000;
        strStatusBar = strMiscWarning;
    }

// * Should not enter safe mode for longer invalid chain
    // * If sync-checkpoint is too old do not enter safe mode
    // * Display warning only in the STRICT mode
    if (CheckpointsMode == Checkpoints::STRICT && Checkpoints::IsSyncCheckpointTooOld(60 * 60 * 24 * 10) && !fTestNet && !IsInitialBlockDownload())
    {
        nPriority = 100;
        strStatusBar = _("WARNING: Checkpoint is too old. Wait for block chain to download, or notify developers.");
    }

// ppcoin: if detected invalid checkpoint enter safe mode
    if (Checkpoints::hashInvalidCheckpoint != 0)
    {
        nPriority = 3000;
        strStatusBar = strRPC = _("WARNING: Invalid checkpoint found! Displayed transactions may not be correct! You may need to upgrade, or notify developers.");
    }

// Alerts
    {
        LOCK(cs_mapAlerts);
        BOOST_FOREACH(PAIRTYPE(const uint256, CAlert)& item, mapAlerts)
        {
            const CAlert& alert = item.second;
            if (alert.AppliesToMe() && alert.nPriority > nPriority)
            {
                nPriority = alert.nPriority;
                strStatusBar = alert.strStatusBar;
                if (nPriority > 1000)
                    strRPC = strStatusBar;
            }
        }
    }

if (strFor == "statusbar")
        return strStatusBar;
    else if (strFor == "rpc")
        return strRPC;
    assert(!"GetWarnings() : invalid parameter");
    return "error";
}

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Messages
//

bool static AlreadyHave(CTxDB& txdb, const CInv& inv)
{
    switch (inv.type)
    {
    case MSG_TX:
        {
        bool txInMap = false;
        txInMap = mempool.exists(inv.hash);
        return txInMap ||
               mapOrphanTransactions.count(inv.hash) ||
               txdb.ContainsTx(inv.hash);
        }

case MSG_BLOCK:
        return mapBlockIndex.count(inv.hash) ||
               mapOrphanBlocks.count(inv.hash);
    }
    // Don't know what it is, just say we already got one
    return true;
}

// The message start string is designed to be unlikely to occur in normal data.
// The characters are rarely used upper ASCII, not valid as UTF-8, and produce
// a large 4-byte int at any alignment.
unsigned char pchMessageStart[4] = { 0xe4, 0xe8, 0xe9, 0xe5 };

bool static ProcessMessage(CNode* pfrom, string strCommand, CDataStream& vRecv, int64_t nTimeReceived)
{
    static map<CService, CPubKey> mapReuseKey;
    RandAddSeedPerfmon();
    LogPrint("net", "received: %s (%u bytes)\n", strCommand, vRecv.size());
    if (mapArgs.count("-dropmessagestest") && GetRand(atoi(mapArgs["-dropmessagestest"])) == 0)
    {
        LogPrintf("dropmessagestest DROPPING RECV MESSAGE\n");
        return true;
    }

if (strCommand == "version")
    {
        // Each connection can only send one version message
        if (pfrom->nVersion != 0)
        {
            Misbehaving(pfrom->GetId(), 1);
            return false;
        }

int64_t nTime;
        CAddress addrMe;
        CAddress addrFrom;
        uint64_t nNonce = 1;
        vRecv >> pfrom->nVersion >> pfrom->nServices >> nTime >> addrMe;
        if (pfrom->nVersion < MIN_PEER_PROTO_VERSION)
        {
            // disconnect from peers older than this proto version
            LogPrintf("partner %s using obsolete version %i; disconnecting\n", pfrom->addr.ToString(), pfrom->nVersion);
            pfrom->fDisconnect = true;
            return false;
        }

if(pfrom->nVersion < 70003)
        {
            LogPrintf("partner %s using obsolete version %i; disconnecting\n", pfrom->addr.ToString(), pfrom->nVersion);
            pfrom->fDisconnect = true;
            return false;
        }

if (pfrom->nVersion == 10300)
            pfrom->nVersion = 300;
        if (!vRecv.empty())
            vRecv >> addrFrom >> nNonce;
        if (!vRecv.empty()) {
            vRecv >> pfrom->strSubVer;
            pfrom->cleanSubVer = SanitizeString(pfrom->strSubVer);
        }
        if (!vRecv.empty())
            vRecv >> pfrom->nStartingHeight;

if (pfrom->fInbound && addrMe.IsRoutable())
        {
            pfrom->addrLocal = addrMe;
            SeenLocal(addrMe);
        }

// Disconnect if we connected to ourself
        if (nNonce == nLocalHostNonce && nNonce > 1)
        {
            LogPrintf("connected to self at %s, disconnecting\n", pfrom->addr.ToString());
            pfrom->fDisconnect = true;
            return true;
        }

// Record my external IP reported by peer
        if (addrFrom.IsRoutable() && addrMe.IsRoutable())
            addrSeenByPeer = addrMe;

// Be shy and don't send version until we hear
        if (pfrom->fInbound)
            pfrom->PushVersion();

pfrom->fClient = !(pfrom->nServices & NODE_NETWORK);

if (GetBoolArg("-synctime", true))
            AddTimeData(pfrom->addr, nTime);

// Change version
        pfrom->PushMessage("verack");
        pfrom->ssSend.SetVersion(min(pfrom->nVersion, PROTOCOL_VERSION));

if (!pfrom->fInbound)
        {
            // Advertise our address
            if (!fNoListen && !IsInitialBlockDownload())
            {
                CAddress addr = GetLocalAddress(&pfrom->addr);
                if (addr.IsRoutable())
                    pfrom->PushAddress(addr);
            }

// Get recent addresses
            if (pfrom->fOneShot || pfrom->nVersion >= CADDR_TIME_VERSION || addrman.size() < 1000)
            {
                pfrom->PushMessage("getaddr");
                pfrom->fGetAddr = true;
            }
            addrman.Good(pfrom->addr);
        } else {
            if (((CNetAddr)pfrom->addr) == (CNetAddr)addrFrom)
            {
                addrman.Add(addrFrom, addrFrom);
                addrman.Good(addrFrom);
            }
        }

// Relay alerts
        {
            LOCK(cs_mapAlerts);
            BOOST_FOREACH(PAIRTYPE(const uint256, CAlert)& item, mapAlerts)
                item.second.RelayTo(pfrom);
        }

//Relay sync-checkpoint
        {
            LOCK(Checkpoints::cs_hashSyncCheckpoint);
            if (!Checkpoints::checkpointMessage.IsNull())
                Checkpoints::checkpointMessage.RelayTo(pfrom);
        }

pfrom->fSuccessfullyConnected = true;

LogPrintf("receive version message: version %s, blocks=%d, us=%s, them=%s, peer=%s\n", pfrom->cleanSubVer, pfrom->nStartingHeight, addrMe.ToString(), addrFrom.ToString(), pfrom->addr.ToString());

cPeerBlockCounts.input(pfrom->nStartingHeight);

// ppcoin: ask for pending sync-checkpoint if any
        if (!IsInitialBlockDownload())
            Checkpoints::AskForPendingSyncCheckpoint(pfrom);
    }

else if (pfrom->nVersion == 0)
    {
        // Must have a version message before anything else
        Misbehaving(pfrom->GetId(), 1);
        return false;
    }

else if (strCommand == "verack")
    {
        pfrom->SetRecvVersion(min(pfrom->nVersion, PROTOCOL_VERSION));
    }

else if (strCommand == "addr")
    {
        vector<CAddress> vAddr;
        vRecv >> vAddr;

// Don't want addr from older versions unless seeding
        if (pfrom->nVersion < CADDR_TIME_VERSION && addrman.size() > 1000)
            return true;
        if (vAddr.size() > 1000)
        {
            Misbehaving(pfrom->GetId(), 20);
            return error("message addr size() = %u", vAddr.size());
        }

// Store the new addresses
        vector<CAddress> vAddrOk;
        int64_t nNow = GetAdjustedTime();
        int64_t nSince = nNow - 10 * 60;
        BOOST_FOREACH(CAddress& addr, vAddr)
        {
            if (fShutdown)
                return true;
            if (addr.nTime <= 100000000 || addr.nTime > nNow + 10 * 60)
                addr.nTime = nNow - 5 * 24 * 60 * 60;
            pfrom->AddAddressKnown(addr);
            bool fReachable = IsReachable(addr);
            if (addr.nTime > nSince && !pfrom->fGetAddr && vAddr.size() <= 10 && addr.IsRoutable())
            {
                // Relay to a limited number of other nodes
                {
                    LOCK(cs_vNodes);
                    // Use deterministic randomness to send to the same nodes for 24 hours
                    // at a time so the setAddrKnowns of the chosen nodes prevent repeats
                    static uint256 hashSalt;
                    if (hashSalt == 0)
                        hashSalt = GetRandHash();
                    uint64_t hashAddr = addr.GetHash();
                    uint256 hashRand = hashSalt ^ (hashAddr<<32) ^ ((GetTime()+hashAddr)/(24*60*60));
                    hashRand = Hash(BEGIN(hashRand), END(hashRand));
                    multimap<uint256, CNode*> mapMix;
                    BOOST_FOREACH(CNode* pnode, vNodes)
                    {
                        if (pnode->nVersion < CADDR_TIME_VERSION)
                            continue;
                        unsigned int nPointer;
                        memcpy(&nPointer, &pnode, sizeof(nPointer));
                        uint256 hashKey = hashRand ^ nPointer;
                        hashKey = Hash(BEGIN(hashKey), END(hashKey));
                        mapMix.insert(make_pair(hashKey, pnode));
                    }
                    int nRelayNodes = fReachable ? 2 : 1; // limited relaying of addresses outside our network(s)
                    for (multimap<uint256, CNode*>::iterator mi = mapMix.begin(); mi != mapMix.end() && nRelayNodes-- > 0; ++mi)
                        ((*mi).second)->PushAddress(addr);
                }
            }
            // Do not store addresses outside our network
            if (fReachable)
                vAddrOk.push_back(addr);
        }
        addrman.Add(vAddrOk, pfrom->addr, 2 * 60 * 60);
        if (vAddr.size() < 1000)
            pfrom->fGetAddr = false;
        if (pfrom->fOneShot)
            pfrom->fDisconnect = true;
    }

else if (strCommand == "inv")
    {
        vector<CInv> vInv;
        vRecv >> vInv;
        if (vInv.size() > MAX_INV_SZ)
        {
            Misbehaving(pfrom->GetId(), 20);
            return error("message inv size() = %u", vInv.size());
        }

// find last block in inv vector
        unsigned int nLastBlock = (unsigned int)(-1);
        for (unsigned int nInv = 0; nInv < vInv.size(); nInv++) {
            if (vInv[vInv.size() - 1 - nInv].type == MSG_BLOCK) {
                nLastBlock = vInv.size() - 1 - nInv;
                break;
            }
        }
        CTxDB txdb("r");
        for (unsigned int nInv = 0; nInv < vInv.size(); nInv++)
        {
            const CInv &inv = vInv[nInv];

if (fShutdown)
                return true;
            pfrom->AddInventoryKnown(inv);

bool fAlreadyHave = AlreadyHave(txdb, inv);

LogPrint("net", "  got inventory: %s  %s\n", inv.ToString(), fAlreadyHave ? "have" : "new");

if (!fAlreadyHave)
                pfrom->AskFor(inv);
            else if (inv.type == MSG_BLOCK && mapOrphanBlocks.count(inv.hash)) {
                pfrom->PushGetBlocks(pindexBest, GetOrphanRoot(mapOrphanBlocks[inv.hash]));
            } else if (nInv == nLastBlock) {
                // In case we are on a very long side-chain, it is possible that we already have
                // the last block in an inv bundle sent in response to getblocks. Try to detect
                // this situation and push another getblocks to continue.
                pfrom->PushGetBlocks(mapBlockIndex[inv.hash], uint256(0));

LogPrint("net", "force request: %s\n", inv.ToString());
            }

// Track requests for our stuff
            Inventory(inv.hash);
        }
    }

else if (strCommand == "getdata")
    {
        vector<CInv> vInv;
        vRecv >> vInv;
        if (vInv.size() > MAX_INV_SZ)
        {
            Misbehaving(pfrom->GetId(), 20);
            return error("message getdata size() = %u", vInv.size());
        }

if (fDebug || (vInv.size() != 1))
            LogPrint("net", "received getdata (%u invsz)\n", vInv.size());

BOOST_FOREACH(const CInv& inv, vInv)
        {
            if (fShutdown)
                return true;
            if (fDebug || (vInv.size() == 1))
                LogPrint("net", "received getdata for: %s\n", inv.ToString());

if (inv.type == MSG_BLOCK)
            {
                // Send block from disk
                map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.find(inv.hash);
                pfrom->nBlocksRequested++;
                if (mi != mapBlockIndex.end())
                {
                    CBlock block;
                    block.ReadFromDisk((*mi).second);
                    pfrom->PushMessage("block", block);

// Trigger them to send a getblocks request for the next batch of inventory
                    if (inv.hash == pfrom->hashContinue)
                    {
                        // ppcoin: send latest proof-of-work block to allow the
                        // download node to accept as orphan (proof-of-stake 
                        // block might be rejected by stake connection check)
                        vector<CInv> vInv;
                        vInv.push_back(CInv(MSG_BLOCK, GetLastBlockIndex(pindexBest, false)->GetBlockHash()));
                        pfrom->PushMessage("inv", vInv);
                        pfrom->hashContinue = 0;
                    }
                }
            }
            else if (inv.IsKnownType())
            {
                // Send stream from relay memory
                bool pushed = false;
                {
                    LOCK(cs_mapRelay);
                    map<CInv, CDataStream>::iterator mi = mapRelay.find(inv);
                    if (mi != mapRelay.end()) {
                        pfrom->PushMessage(inv.GetCommand(), (*mi).second);
                        pushed = true;
                    }
                }
                if (!pushed && inv.type == MSG_TX) {
                    CTransaction tx;
                    if (mempool.lookup(inv.hash, tx)) {
                        CDataStream ss(SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION);
                        ss.reserve(1000);
                        ss << tx;
                        pfrom->PushMessage("tx", ss);
                    }
                }
            }

// Track requests for our stuff
            Inventory(inv.hash);
        }
    }

else if (strCommand == "getblocks")
    {
        CBlockLocator locator;
        uint256 hashStop;
        vRecv >> locator >> hashStop;

// Find the last block the caller has in the main chain
        CBlockIndex* pindex = locator.GetBlockIndex();

// Send the rest of the chain
        if (pindex)
            pindex = pindex->pnext;
        int nLimit = 500;
        LogPrint("net", "getblocks %d to %s limit %d\n", (pindex ? pindex->nHeight : -1), hashStop.ToString().substr(0,20), nLimit);
        for (; pindex; pindex = pindex->pnext)
        {
            if (pindex->GetBlockHash() == hashStop)
            {
                LogPrint("net", "  getblocks stopping at %d %s\n", pindex->nHeight, pindex->GetBlockHash().ToString().substr(0,20));
                // ppcoin: tell downloading node about the latest block if it's
                // without risk being rejected due to stake connection check
                if (hashStop != hashBestChain && pindex->GetBlockTime() + nStakeMinAge > pindexBest->GetBlockTime())
                    pfrom->PushInventory(CInv(MSG_BLOCK, hashBestChain));
                break;
            }
            pfrom->PushInventory(CInv(MSG_BLOCK, pindex->GetBlockHash()));
            if (--nLimit <= 0)
            {
                // When this block is requested, we'll send an inv that'll make them
                // getblocks the next batch of inventory.
                LogPrint("net", "  getblocks stopping at limit %d %s\n", pindex->nHeight, pindex->GetBlockHash().ToString().substr(0,20));
                pfrom->hashContinue = pindex->GetBlockHash();
                break;
            }
        }
    }
    else if (strCommand == "checkpoint")
    {
        CSyncCheckpoint checkpoint;
        vRecv >> checkpoint;

if (checkpoint.ProcessSyncCheckpoint(pfrom))
        {
            // Relay
            pfrom->hashCheckpointKnown = checkpoint.hashCheckpoint;
            LOCK(cs_vNodes);
            BOOST_FOREACH(CNode* pnode, vNodes)
                checkpoint.RelayTo(pnode);
        }
    }

else if (strCommand == "getheaders")
    {
        CBlockLocator locator;
        uint256 hashStop;
        vRecv >> locator >> hashStop;

CBlockIndex* pindex = NULL;
        if (locator.IsNull())
        {
            // If locator is null, return the hashStop block
            map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.find(hashStop);
            if (mi == mapBlockIndex.end())
                return true;
            pindex = (*mi).second;
        }
        else
        {
            // Find the last block the caller has in the main chain
            pindex = locator.GetBlockIndex();
            if (pindex)
                pindex = pindex->pnext;
        }

vector<CBlock> vHeaders;
        int nLimit = 2000;
        LogPrint("net", "getheaders %d to %s\n", (pindex ? pindex->nHeight : -1), hashStop.ToString().substr(0,20));
        for (; pindex; pindex = pindex->pnext)
        {
            vHeaders.push_back(pindex->GetBlockHeader());
            if (--nLimit <= 0 || pindex->GetBlockHash() == hashStop)
                break;
        }
        pfrom->PushMessage("headers", vHeaders);
    }

else if (strCommand == "tx")
    {
        vector<uint256> vWorkQueue;
        vector<uint256> vEraseQueue;
        CTransaction tx;
        vRecv >> tx;

CInv inv(MSG_TX, tx.GetHash());
        pfrom->AddInventoryKnown(inv);

bool fMissingInputs = false;
        if (AcceptToMemoryPool(mempool, tx, &fMissingInputs))
        {
            RelayTransaction(tx, inv.hash);
            mapAlreadyAskedFor.erase(inv);
            vWorkQueue.push_back(inv.hash);
            vEraseQueue.push_back(inv.hash);

// Recursively process any orphan transactions that depended on this one
            for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vWorkQueue.size(); i++)
            {
                uint256 hashPrev = vWorkQueue[i];
                for (set<uint256>::iterator mi = mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev[hashPrev].begin();
                     mi != mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev[hashPrev].end();
                     ++mi)
                {
                    const uint256& orphanTxHash = *mi;
                    CTransaction& orphanTx = mapOrphanTransactions[orphanTxHash];
                    bool fMissingInputs2 = false;

if (AcceptToMemoryPool(mempool, orphanTx, &fMissingInputs2))
                    {
                        LogPrint("mempool", "   accepted orphan tx %s\n", orphanTxHash.ToString().substr(0,10));
                        RelayTransaction(orphanTx, orphanTxHash);
                        mapAlreadyAskedFor.erase(CInv(MSG_TX, orphanTxHash));
                        vWorkQueue.push_back(orphanTxHash);
                        vEraseQueue.push_back(orphanTxHash);

}
                    else if (!fMissingInputs2)
                    {
                        // invalid orphan
                        vEraseQueue.push_back(orphanTxHash);
                        LogPrint("mempool", "   removed invalid orphan tx %s\n", orphanTxHash.ToString().substr(0,10));
                    }
                }
            }

BOOST_FOREACH(uint256 hash, vEraseQueue)
                EraseOrphanTx(hash);
        }
        else if (fMissingInputs)
        {
            AddOrphanTx(tx);

// DoS prevention: do not allow mapOrphanTransactions to grow unbounded
            unsigned int nEvicted = LimitOrphanTxSize(MAX_ORPHAN_TRANSACTIONS);
            if (nEvicted > 0)
                LogPrint("mempool", "mapOrphan overflow, removed %u tx\n", nEvicted);
        }
        if (tx.nDoS) Misbehaving(pfrom->GetId(), tx.nDoS);
    }

else if (strCommand == "block")
    {
        CBlock block;
        vRecv >> block;
        uint256 hashBlock = block.GetHash();

LogPrint("net", "received block %s sent from %s\n", hashBlock.ToString().substr(0,20), pfrom->addr.ToString());

CInv inv(MSG_BLOCK, hashBlock);
        pfrom->AddInventoryKnown(inv);

if (ProcessBlock(pfrom, &block))
            mapAlreadyAskedFor.erase(inv);
        if (block.nDoS) Misbehaving(pfrom->GetId(), block.nDoS);
    }

else if (strCommand == "getaddr")
    {
        // Don't return addresses older than nCutOff timestamp
        int64_t nCutOff = GetTime() - (nNodeLifespan * 24 * 60 * 60);
        pfrom->vAddrToSend.clear();
        vector<CAddress> vAddr = addrman.GetAddr();
        BOOST_FOREACH(const CAddress &addr, vAddr)
            if(addr.nTime > nCutOff)
                pfrom->PushAddress(addr);
    }

else if (strCommand == "mempool")
    {
        std::vector<uint256> vtxid;
        mempool.queryHashes(vtxid);
        vector<CInv> vInv;
        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vtxid.size(); i++) {
            CInv inv(MSG_TX, vtxid[i]);
            vInv.push_back(inv);
            if (i == (MAX_INV_SZ - 1))
                    break;
        }
        if (vInv.size() > 0)
            pfrom->PushMessage("inv", vInv);
    }

else if (strCommand == "checkorder")
    {
        uint256 hashReply;
        vRecv >> hashReply;

if (!GetBoolArg("-allowreceivebyip"))
        {
            pfrom->PushMessage("reply", hashReply, (int)2, string(""));
            return true;
        }

CWalletTx order;
        vRecv >> order;

/// we have a chance to check the order here

// Keep giving the same key to the same ip until they use it
        if (!mapReuseKey.count(pfrom->addr))
            pwalletMain->GetKeyFromPool(mapReuseKey[pfrom->addr], true);

// Send back approval of order and pubkey to use
        CScript scriptPubKey;
        scriptPubKey << mapReuseKey[pfrom->addr] << OP_CHECKSIG;
        pfrom->PushMessage("reply", hashReply, (int)0, scriptPubKey);
    }

else if (strCommand == "reply")
    {
        uint256 hashReply;
        vRecv >> hashReply;

CRequestTracker tracker;
        {
            LOCK(pfrom->cs_mapRequests);
            map<uint256, CRequestTracker>::iterator mi = pfrom->mapRequests.find(hashReply);
            if (mi != pfrom->mapRequests.end())
            {
                tracker = (*mi).second;
                pfrom->mapRequests.erase(mi);
            }
        }
        if (!tracker.IsNull())
            tracker.fn(tracker.param1, vRecv);
    }

else if (strCommand == "ping")
    {
        if (pfrom->nVersion > BIP0031_VERSION)
        {
            uint64_t nonce = 0;
            vRecv >> nonce;
            // Echo the message back with the nonce. This allows for two useful features:
            //
            // 1) A remote node can quickly check if the connection is operational
            // 2) Remote nodes can measure the latency of the network thread. If this node
            //    is overloaded it won't respond to pings quickly and the remote node can
            //    avoid sending us more work, like chain download requests.
            //
            // The nonce stops the remote getting confused between different pings: without
            // it, if the remote node sends a ping once per second and this node takes 5
            // seconds to respond to each, the 5th ping the remote sends would appear to
            // return very quickly.
            pfrom->PushMessage("pong", nonce);
        }
    }

else if (strCommand == "pong")
    {
        int64_t pingUsecEnd = nTimeReceived;
        uint64_t nonce = 0;
        size_t nAvail = vRecv.in_avail();
        bool bPingFinished = false;
        std::string sProblem;

if (nAvail >= sizeof(nonce)) {
            vRecv >> nonce;

// Only process pong message if there is an outstanding ping (old ping without nonce should never pong)
            if (pfrom->nPingNonceSent != 0) {
                if (nonce == pfrom->nPingNonceSent) {
                    // Matching pong received, this ping is no longer outstanding
                    bPingFinished = true;
                    int64_t pingUsecTime = pingUsecEnd - pfrom->nPingUsecStart;
                    if (pingUsecTime > 0) {
                        // Successful ping time measurement, replace previous
                        pfrom->nPingUsecTime = pingUsecTime;
                    } else {
                        // This should never happen
                        sProblem = "Timing mishap";
                    }
                } else {
                    // Nonce mismatches are normal when pings are overlapping
                    sProblem = "Nonce mismatch";
                    if (nonce == 0) {
                        // This is most likely a bug in another implementation somewhere, cancel this ping
                        bPingFinished = true;
                        sProblem = "Nonce zero";
                    }
                }
            } else {
                sProblem = "Unsolicited pong without ping";
            }
        } else {
            // This is most likely a bug in another implementation somewhere, cancel this ping
            bPingFinished = true;
            sProblem = "Short payload";
        }

if (!(sProblem.empty())) {
            LogPrint("net", "pong %s %s: %s, %x expected, %x received, %u bytes\n"
                , pfrom->addr.ToString()
                , pfrom->cleanSubVer
                , sProblem
                , pfrom->nPingNonceSent
                , nonce
                , nAvail);
        }
        if (bPingFinished) {
            pfrom->nPingNonceSent = 0;
        }
    }

else if (strCommand == "alert")
    {
        CAlert alert;
        vRecv >> alert;

uint256 alertHash = alert.GetHash();
        if (pfrom->setKnown.count(alertHash) == 0)
        {
            if (alert.ProcessAlert())
            {
                // Relay
                pfrom->setKnown.insert(alertHash);
                {
                    LOCK(cs_vNodes);
                    BOOST_FOREACH(CNode* pnode, vNodes)
                        alert.RelayTo(pnode);
                }
            }
            else {
                // Small DoS penalty so peers that send us lots of
                // duplicate/expired/invalid-signature/whatever alerts
                // eventually get banned.
                // This isn't a Misbehaving(100) (immediate ban) because the
                // peer might be an older or different implementation with
                // a different signature key, etc.
                Misbehaving(pfrom->GetId(), 10);
            }
        }
    }

else
    {
        // Ignore unknown commands for extensibility
    }

// Update the last seen time for this node's address
    if (pfrom->fNetworkNode)
        if (strCommand == "version" || strCommand == "addr" || strCommand == "inv" || strCommand == "getdata" || strCommand == "ping")
            AddressCurrentlyConnected(pfrom->addr);

return true;
}

// requires LOCK(cs_vRecvMsg)
bool ProcessMessages(CNode* pfrom)
{
    // if (fDebug)
    //    LogPrintf("ProcessMessages(%zu messages)\n", pfrom->vRecvMsg.size());

//
    // Message format
    //  (4) message start
    //  (12) command
    //  (4) size
    //  (4) checksum
    //  (x) data
    //
    bool fOk = true;

std::deque<CNetMessage>::iterator it = pfrom->vRecvMsg.begin();
    while (!pfrom->fDisconnect && it != pfrom->vRecvMsg.end()) {
        // Don't bother if send buffer is too full to respond anyway
        if (pfrom->nSendSize >= SendBufferSize())
            break;

// get next message
        CNetMessage& msg = *it;

//if (fDebug)
        //    LogPrintf("ProcessMessages(message %u msgsz, %zu bytes, complete:%s)\n",
        //            msg.hdr.nMessageSize, msg.vRecv.size(),
        //            msg.complete() ? "Y" : "N");

// end, if an incomplete message is found
        if (!msg.complete())
            break;

// at this point, any failure means we can delete the current message
        it++;

// Scan for message start
        if (memcmp(msg.hdr.pchMessageStart, pchMessageStart, sizeof(pchMessageStart)) != 0) {
            LogPrintf("\n\nPROCESSMESSAGE: INVALID MESSAGESTART\n\n");
            fOk = false;
            break;
        }

// Read header
        CMessageHeader& hdr = msg.hdr;

if (!hdr.IsValid())
        {
            LogPrintf("\n\nPROCESSMESSAGE: ERRORS IN HEADER %s\n\n\n", hdr.GetCommand());
            continue;
        }
        string strCommand = hdr.GetCommand();

// Message size
        unsigned int nMessageSize = hdr.nMessageSize;

// Checksum
        CDataStream& vRecv = msg.vRecv;
        uint256 hash = Hash(vRecv.begin(), vRecv.begin() + nMessageSize);
        unsigned int nChecksum = 0;
        memcpy(&nChecksum, &hash, sizeof(nChecksum));
        if (nChecksum != hdr.nChecksum)
        {
            LogPrintf("ProcessMessages(%s, %u bytes) : CHECKSUM ERROR nChecksum=%08x hdr.nChecksum=%08x\n",
               strCommand, nMessageSize, nChecksum, hdr.nChecksum);
            continue;
        }

// Process message
        bool fRet = false;
        try
        {
            {
                LOCK(cs_main);
                fRet = ProcessMessage(pfrom, strCommand, vRecv, msg.nTime);
            }
            if (fShutdown)
                break;
        }
        catch (std::ios_base::failure& e)
        {
            if (strstr(e.what(), "end of data"))
            {
                // Allow exceptions from under-length message on vRecv
                LogPrintf("ProcessMessages(%s, %u bytes) : Exception '%s' caught, normally caused by a message being shorter than its stated length\n", strCommand, nMessageSize, e.what());
            }
            else if (strstr(e.what(), "size too large"))
            {
                // Allow exceptions from over-long size
                LogPrintf("ProcessMessages(%s, %u bytes) : Exception '%s' caught\n", strCommand, nMessageSize, e.what());
            }
            else
            {
                PrintExceptionContinue(&e, "ProcessMessages()");
            }
        }
        catch (std::exception& e) {
            PrintExceptionContinue(&e, "ProcessMessages()");
        } catch (...) {
            PrintExceptionContinue(NULL, "ProcessMessages()");
        }

if (!fRet)
            LogPrintf("ProcessMessage(%s, %u bytes) FAILED\n", strCommand, nMessageSize);
    }

// In case the connection got shut down, its receive buffer was wiped
    if (!pfrom->fDisconnect)
        pfrom->vRecvMsg.erase(pfrom->vRecvMsg.begin(), it);

return fOk;
}

bool SendMessages(CNode* pto, bool fSendTrickle)
{
    TRY_LOCK(cs_main, lockMain);
    if (lockMain) {
        // Don't send anything until we get their version message
        if (pto->nVersion == 0)
            return true;
        //
        // Message: ping
        //
        bool pingSend = false;
        if (pto->fPingQueued) {
            // RPC ping request by user
             pingSend = true;
        }
        if (pto->nPingNonceSent == 0 && pto->nPingUsecStart + PING_INTERVAL * 1000000 < GetTimeMicros()) {
            // Ping automatically sent as a latency probe & keepalive.
            pingSend = true;
        }
        if (pingSend) {
            uint64_t nonce = 0;
            while (nonce == 0) {
                RAND_bytes((unsigned char*)&nonce, sizeof(nonce));
            }
            pto->fPingQueued = false;
            pto->nPingUsecStart = GetTimeMicros();
            if (pto->nVersion > BIP0031_VERSION) {
                pto->nPingNonceSent = nonce;
                pto->PushMessage("ping", nonce);
             } else {
                // Peer is too old to support ping command with nonce, pong will never arrive.
                pto->nPingNonceSent = 0;
                pto->PushMessage("ping");
             }
        }

// Start block sync
        if (pto->fStartSync && !fImporting && !fReindex) {
            pto->fStartSync = false;
            pto->PushGetBlocks(pindexBest, uint256(0));
        }

// Resend wallet transactions that haven't gotten in a block yet
        ResendWalletTransactions();

// Address refresh broadcast
        static int64_t nLastRebroadcast;
        if (!IsInitialBlockDownload() && (GetTime() - nLastRebroadcast > 24 * 60 * 60))
        {
            {
                LOCK(cs_vNodes);
                BOOST_FOREACH(CNode* pnode, vNodes)
                {
                    // Periodically clear setAddrKnown to allow refresh broadcasts
                    if (nLastRebroadcast)
                        pnode->setAddrKnown.clear();

// Rebroadcast our address
                    if (!fNoListen)
                    {
                        CAddress addr = GetLocalAddress(&pnode->addr);
                        if (addr.IsRoutable())
                            pnode->PushAddress(addr);
                    }
                }
            }
            nLastRebroadcast = GetTime();
        }

//
        // Message: addr
        //
        if (fSendTrickle)
        {
            vector<CAddress> vAddr;
            vAddr.reserve(pto->vAddrToSend.size());
            BOOST_FOREACH(const CAddress& addr, pto->vAddrToSend)
            {
                // returns true if wasn't already contained in the set
                if (pto->setAddrKnown.insert(addr).second)
                {
                    vAddr.push_back(addr);
                    // receiver rejects addr messages larger than 1000
                    if (vAddr.size() >= 1000)
                    {
                        pto->PushMessage("addr", vAddr);
                        vAddr.clear();
                    }
                }
            }
            pto->vAddrToSend.clear();
            if (!vAddr.empty())
                pto->PushMessage("addr", vAddr);
        }

TRY_LOCK(cs_main, lockMain);
        if (!lockMain)
            return true;

if (State(pto->GetId())->fShouldBan) {
            if (pto->addr.IsLocal())
                LogPrint("net", "Warning: not banning local node %s!\n", pto->addr.ToString());
            else {
                pto->fDisconnect = true;
                CNode::Ban(pto->addr);
            }
            State(pto->GetId())->fShouldBan = false;
        }

//
        // Message: inventory
        //
        vector<CInv> vInv;
        vector<CInv> vInvWait;
        {
            LOCK(pto->cs_inventory);
            vInv.reserve(pto->vInventoryToSend.size());
            vInvWait.reserve(pto->vInventoryToSend.size());
            BOOST_FOREACH(const CInv& inv, pto->vInventoryToSend)
            {
                if (pto->setInventoryKnown.count(inv))
                    continue;

// trickle out tx inv to protect privacy
                if (inv.type == MSG_TX && !fSendTrickle)
                {
                    // 1/4 of tx invs blast to all immediately
                    static uint256 hashSalt;
                    if (hashSalt == 0)
                        hashSalt = GetRandHash();
                    uint256 hashRand = inv.hash ^ hashSalt;
                    hashRand = Hash(BEGIN(hashRand), END(hashRand));
                    bool fTrickleWait = ((hashRand & 3) != 0);

// always trickle our own transactions
                    if (!fTrickleWait)
                    {
                        CWalletTx wtx;
                        if (GetTransaction(inv.hash, wtx))
                            if (wtx.fFromMe)
                                fTrickleWait = true;
                    }

if (fTrickleWait)
                    {
                        vInvWait.push_back(inv);
                        continue;
                    }
                }

// returns true if wasn't already contained in the set
                if (pto->setInventoryKnown.insert(inv).second)
                {
                    vInv.push_back(inv);
                    if (vInv.size() >= 1000)
                    {
                        pto->PushMessage("inv", vInv);
                        vInv.clear();
                    }
                }
            }
            pto->vInventoryToSend = vInvWait;
        }
        if (!vInv.empty())
            pto->PushMessage("inv", vInv);

//
        // Message: getdata
        //
        vector<CInv> vGetData;
        int64_t nNow = GetTime() * 1000000;
        CTxDB txdb("r");
        while (!pto->mapAskFor.empty() && (*pto->mapAskFor.begin()).first <= nNow)
        {
            const CInv& inv = (*pto->mapAskFor.begin()).second;
            if (!AlreadyHave(txdb, inv))
            {
                if (fDebug)
                    LogPrint("net", "sending getdata: %s\n", inv.ToString());
                vGetData.push_back(inv);
                if (vGetData.size() >= 1000)
                {
                    pto->PushMessage("getdata", vGetData);
                    vGetData.clear();
                }
                mapAlreadyAskedFor[inv] = nNow;
            }
            pto->mapAskFor.erase(pto->mapAskFor.begin());
        }
        if (!vGetData.empty())
            pto->PushMessage("getdata", vGetData);

}
    return true;
}

変更されたテキスト

ファイルを開く

#include "alert.h"
#include "checkpoints.h"
#include "db.h"
#include "net.h"
#include "init.h" 
#include "ui_interface.h"
#include "kernel.h"
#include "scrypt_mine.h"
#include <boost/algorithm/string/replace.hpp>
#include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
#include <boost/filesystem/fstream.hpp>
#include <boost/random/mersenne_twister.hpp>
#include <boost/random/uniform_int_distribution.hpp>

using namespace std;
using namespace boost;

//
// Global state
//

CCriticalSection cs_setpwalletRegistered;
set<CWallet*> setpwalletRegistered;

CCriticalSection cs_main;

CTxMemPool mempool;
unsigned int nTransactionsUpdated = 0;

static CBigNum bnProofOfWorkLimitTestNet(~uint256(0) >> 20);
static CBigNum bnProofOfStakeLimitTestNet(~uint256(0) >> 20);

unsigned int nStakeMinAge = 60 * 60 * 8;	// time at which weight begins to build
unsigned int nStakeMinAgeV2 = 60 * 60 * 24 * 88 / 10;	// functionally the minimum age is 8.8 days
unsigned int nStakeMaxAge = 60 * 60 * 24 * 30;	// stake age of full weight: -1
unsigned int nStakeTargetSpacing = 90;			// 90 sec block spacing

int64 nChainStartTime = 1399495660;
int nCoinbaseMaturity = 10;
CBlockIndex* pindexGenesisBlock = NULL;
int nBestHeight = -1;
CBigNum bnBestChainTrust = 0;
CBigNum bnBestInvalidTrust = 0;
uint256 hashBestChain = 0;
CBlockIndex* pindexBest = NULL;
int64 nTimeBestReceived = 0;
bool fHaveGUI = false;

CMedianFilter<int> cPeerBlockCounts(5, 0); // Amount of blocks that other nodes claim to have

map<uint256, CBlock*> mapOrphanBlocks;
multimap<uint256, CBlock*> mapOrphanBlocksByPrev;
set<pair<COutPoint, unsigned int> > setStakeSeenOrphan;
map<uint256, uint256> mapProofOfStake;

map<uint256, CDataStream*> mapOrphanTransactions;
map<uint256, map<uint256, CDataStream*> > mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev;
map<unsigned int, unsigned int> mapHashedBlocks;
map<std::string, std::pair<int, int> > mapGetBlocksRequests;
std::map <std::string, int> mapPeerRejectedBlocks;
bool fStrictProtocol = false;
bool fStrictIncoming = false;

// Constant stuff for coinbase transactions we create:
CScript COINBASE_FLAGS;

const string strMessageMagic = "HyperStake Signed Message:\n";

double dHashesPerSec;
int64 nHPSTimerStart;

// Settings
int64 nTransactionFee = MIN_TX_FEE;

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// dispatching functions
//

// These functions dispatch to one or all registered wallets

void RegisterWallet(CWallet* pwalletIn)
{
    {
        LOCK(cs_setpwalletRegistered);
        setpwalletRegistered.insert(pwalletIn);
    }
}

void UnregisterWallet(CWallet* pwalletIn)
{
    {
        LOCK(cs_setpwalletRegistered);
        setpwalletRegistered.erase(pwalletIn);
    }
}

// check whether the passed transaction is from us
bool static IsFromMe(CTransaction& tx)
{
    BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)
        if (pwallet->IsFromMe(tx))
            return true;
    return false;
}

// get the wallet transaction with the given hash (if it exists)
bool static GetTransaction(const uint256& hashTx, CWalletTx& wtx)
{
    BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)
        if (pwallet->GetTransaction(hashTx,wtx))
            return true;
    return false;
}

// erases transaction with the given hash from all wallets
void static EraseFromWallets(uint256 hash)
{
    BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)
        pwallet->EraseFromWallet(hash);
}

// make sure all wallets know about the given transaction, in the given block
void SyncWithWallets(const CTransaction& tx, const CBlock* pblock, bool fUpdate, bool fConnect)
{
    if (!fConnect)
    {
        // ppcoin: wallets need to refund inputs when disconnecting coinstake
        if (tx.IsCoinStake())
        {
            BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)
                if (pwallet->IsFromMe(tx))
                    pwallet->DisableTransaction(tx);
        }
        return;
    }

BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)
        pwallet->AddToWalletIfInvolvingMe(tx, pblock, fUpdate);
}

// notify wallets about a new best chain
void static SetBestChain(const CBlockLocator& loc)
{
    BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)
        pwallet->SetBestChain(loc);
}

// notify wallets about an updated transaction
void static UpdatedTransaction(const uint256& hashTx)
{
    BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)
        pwallet->UpdatedTransaction(hashTx);
}

// dump all wallets
void static PrintWallets(const CBlock& block)
{
    BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)
        pwallet->PrintWallet(block);
}

// notify wallets about an incoming inventory (for request counts)
void static Inventory(const uint256& hash)
{
    BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)
        pwallet->Inventory(hash);
}

// ask wallets to resend their transactions
void ResendWalletTransactions()
{
    BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)
        pwallet->ResendWalletTransactions();
}

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// mapOrphanTransactions
//

bool AddOrphanTx(const CDataStream& vMsg)
{
    CTransaction tx;
    CDataStream(vMsg) >> tx;
    uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();
    if (mapOrphanTransactions.count(hash))
        return false;

CDataStream* pvMsg = new CDataStream(vMsg);

// Ignore big transactions, to avoid a
    // send-big-orphans memory exhaustion attack. If a peer has a legitimate
    // large transaction with a missing parent then we assume
    // it will rebroadcast it later, after the parent transaction(s)
    // have been mined or received.
    // 10,000 orphans, each of which is at most 5,000 bytes big is
    // at most 500 megabytes of orphans:
    if (pvMsg->size() > 5000)
    {
        printf("ignoring large orphan tx (size: %"PRIszu", hash: %s)\n", pvMsg->size(), hash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());
        delete pvMsg;
        return false;
    }

mapOrphanTransactions[hash] = pvMsg;
    BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin)
        mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev[txin.prevout.hash].insert(make_pair(hash, pvMsg));

printf("stored orphan tx %s (mapsz %"PRIszu")\n", hash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str(),
        mapOrphanTransactions.size());
    return true;
}

void static EraseOrphanTx(uint256 hash)
{
    if (!mapOrphanTransactions.count(hash))
        return;
    const CDataStream* pvMsg = mapOrphanTransactions[hash];
    CTransaction tx;
    CDataStream(*pvMsg) >> tx;
    BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin)
    {
        mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev[txin.prevout.hash].erase(hash);
        if (mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev[txin.prevout.hash].empty())
            mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev.erase(txin.prevout.hash);
    }
    delete pvMsg;
    mapOrphanTransactions.erase(hash);
}

unsigned int LimitOrphanTxSize(unsigned int nMaxOrphans)
{
    unsigned int nEvicted = 0;
    while (mapOrphanTransactions.size() > nMaxOrphans)
    {
        // Evict a random orphan:
        uint256 randomhash = GetRandHash();
        map<uint256, CDataStream*>::iterator it = mapOrphanTransactions.lower_bound(randomhash);
        if (it == mapOrphanTransactions.end())
            it = mapOrphanTransactions.begin();
        EraseOrphanTx(it->first);
        ++nEvicted;
    }
    return nEvicted;
}

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// CTransaction and CTxIndex
//

bool CTransaction::ReadFromDisk(CTxDB& txdb, COutPoint prevout)
{
    CTxIndex txindex;
    return ReadFromDisk(txdb, prevout, txindex);
}

bool CTransaction::ReadFromDisk(COutPoint prevout)
{
    CTxDB txdb("r");
    CTxIndex txindex;
    return ReadFromDisk(txdb, prevout, txindex);
}

bool CTransaction::IsStandard() const
{
    if (nVersion > CTransaction::CURRENT_VERSION)
        return false;

BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, vin)
    {
        // Biggest 'standard' txin is a 3-signature 3-of-3 CHECKMULTISIG
        // pay-to-script-hash, which is 3 ~80-byte signatures, 3
        // ~65-byte public keys, plus a few script ops.
        if (txin.scriptSig.size() > 500)
            return false;
        if (!txin.scriptSig.IsPushOnly())
            return false;
    }
    BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxOut& txout, vout) {
        if (!::IsStandard(txout.scriptPubKey))
            return false;
        if (txout.nValue == 0)
            return false;
    }
    return true;
}

for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vin.size(); i++)
    {
        const CTxOut& prev = GetOutputFor(vin[i], mapInputs);

if (stack.size() != (unsigned int)nArgsExpected)
            return false;
    }

return true;
}

int CMerkleTx::SetMerkleBranch(const CBlock* pblock)
{
    if (fClient)
    {
        if (hashBlock == 0)
            return 0;
    }
    else
    {
        CBlock blockTmp;
        if (pblock == NULL)
        {
            // Load the block this tx is in
            CTxIndex txindex;
            if (!CTxDB("r").ReadTxIndex(GetHash(), txindex))
                return 0;
            if (!blockTmp.ReadFromDisk(txindex.pos.nFile, txindex.pos.nBlockPos))
                return 0;
            pblock = &blockTmp;
        }

// Update the tx's hashBlock
        hashBlock = pblock->GetHash();

// Locate the transaction
        for (nIndex = 0; nIndex < (int)pblock->vtx.size(); nIndex++)
            if (pblock->vtx[nIndex] == *(CTransaction*)this)
                break;
        if (nIndex == (int)pblock->vtx.size())
        {
            vMerkleBranch.clear();
            nIndex = -1;
            printf("ERROR: SetMerkleBranch() : couldn't find tx in block\n");
            return 0;
        }

// Fill in merkle branch
        vMerkleBranch = pblock->GetMerkleBranch(nIndex);
    }

return pindexBest->nHeight - pindex->nHeight + 1;
}

// Check for negative or overflow output values
    int64 nValueOut = 0;
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vout.size(); i++)
    {
        const CTxOut& txout = vout[i];
        if (txout.IsEmpty() && !IsCoinBase() && !IsCoinStake())
            return DoS(100, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : txout empty for user transaction"));

if (txout.nValue > MAX_MONEY)
            return DoS(100, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : txout.nValue too high"));
        nValueOut += txout.nValue;
        if (!MoneyRange(nValueOut))
            return DoS(100, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : txout total out of range"));
    }

return true;
}

int64 CTransaction::GetMinFee(unsigned int nBlockSize, bool fAllowFree,
                              enum GetMinFee_mode mode, unsigned int nBytes) const
{
    // Base fee is either MIN_TX_FEE or MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE
    int64 nBaseFee = (mode == GMF_RELAY) ? MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE : MIN_TX_FEE;

unsigned int nNewBlockSize = nBlockSize + nBytes;
    int64 nMinFee = (1 + (int64)nBytes / 1000) * nBaseFee;

if (!MoneyRange(nMinFee))
        nMinFee = MAX_MONEY;
    return max(nMinFee, MIN_TX_FEE);
}

bool CTxMemPool::accept(CTxDB& txdb, CTransaction &tx, bool fCheckInputs,
                        bool* pfMissingInputs)
{
    if (pfMissingInputs)
        *pfMissingInputs = false;

if (!tx.CheckTransaction())
        return error("CTxMemPool::accept() : CheckTransaction failed");

// Coinbase is only valid in a block, not as a loose transaction
    if (tx.IsCoinBase())
        return tx.DoS(100, error("CTxMemPool::accept() : coinbase as individual tx"));

// ppcoin: coinstake is also only valid in a block, not as a loose transaction
    if (tx.IsCoinStake())
        return tx.DoS(100, error("CTxMemPool::accept() : coinstake as individual tx"));

// To help v0.1.5 clients who would see it as a negative number
    if ((int64)tx.nLockTime > std::numeric_limits<int>::max())
        return error("CTxMemPool::accept() : not accepting nLockTime beyond 2038 yet");

// Rather not work on nonstandard transactions (unless -testnet)
    if (!fTestNet && !tx.IsStandard())
        return error("CTxMemPool::accept() : nonstandard transaction type");

// Do we already have it?
    uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();
    {
        LOCK(cs);
        if (mapTx.count(hash))
            return false;
    }
    if (fCheckInputs)
        if (txdb.ContainsTx(hash))
            return false;

// Check for conflicts with in-memory transactions
    CTransaction* ptxOld = NULL;
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < tx.vin.size(); i++)
    {
        COutPoint outpoint = tx.vin[i].prevout;
        if (mapNextTx.count(outpoint))
        {
            // Disable replacement feature for now
            return false;

// Allow replacing with a newer version of the same transaction
            if (i != 0)
                return false;
            ptxOld = mapNextTx[outpoint].ptx;
            if (ptxOld->IsFinal())
                return false;
            if (!tx.IsNewerThan(*ptxOld))
                return false;
            for (unsigned int i = 0; i < tx.vin.size(); i++)
            {
                COutPoint outpoint = tx.vin[i].prevout;
                if (!mapNextTx.count(outpoint) || mapNextTx[outpoint].ptx != ptxOld)
                    return false;
            }
            break;
        }
    }

if (fCheckInputs)
    {
        MapPrevTx mapInputs;
        map<uint256, CTxIndex> mapUnused;
        bool fInvalid = false;
        if (!tx.FetchInputs(txdb, mapUnused, false, false, mapInputs, fInvalid))
        {
            if (fInvalid)
                return error("CTxMemPool::accept() : FetchInputs found invalid tx %s", hash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());
            if (pfMissingInputs)
                *pfMissingInputs = true;
            return false;
        }

// Check for non-standard pay-to-script-hash in inputs
        if (!tx.AreInputsStandard(mapInputs) && !fTestNet)
            return error("CTxMemPool::accept() : nonstandard transaction input");

int64 nFees = tx.GetValueIn(mapInputs)-tx.GetValueOut();
        unsigned int nSize = ::GetSerializeSize(tx, SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION);

// Don't accept it if it can't get into a block
        int64 txMinFee = tx.GetMinFee(1000, false, GMF_RELAY, nSize);
        if (nFees < txMinFee)
            return error("CTxMemPool::accept() : not enough fees %s, %"PRI64d" < %"PRI64d,
                         hash.ToString().c_str(),
                         nFees, txMinFee);

{
                LOCK(cs);
                // Use an exponentially decaying ~10-minute window:
                dFreeCount *= pow(1.0 - 1.0/600.0, (double)(nNow - nLastTime));
                nLastTime = nNow;
                // -limitfreerelay unit is thousand-bytes-per-minute
                // At default rate it would take over a month to fill 1GB
                if (dFreeCount > GetArg("-limitfreerelay", 15)*10*1000 && !IsFromMe(tx))
                    return error("CTxMemPool::accept() : free transaction rejected by rate limiter");
                if (fDebug)
                    printf("Rate limit dFreeCount: %g => %g\n", dFreeCount, dFreeCount+nSize);
                dFreeCount += nSize;
            }
        }

// Check against previous transactions
        // This is done last to help prevent CPU exhaustion denial-of-service attacks.
        if (!tx.ConnectInputs(txdb, mapInputs, mapUnused, CDiskTxPos(1,1,1), pindexBest, false, false))
        {
            return error("CTxMemPool::accept() : ConnectInputs failed %s", hash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());
        }
    }

// Store transaction in memory
    {
        LOCK(cs);
        if (ptxOld)
        {
            printf("CTxMemPool::accept() : replacing tx %s with new version\n", ptxOld->GetHash().ToString().c_str());
            remove(*ptxOld);
        }
        addUnchecked(hash, tx);
    }

///// are we sure this is ok when loading transactions or restoring block txes
    // If updated, erase old tx from wallet
    if (ptxOld)
        EraseFromWallets(ptxOld->GetHash());

printf("CTxMemPool::accept() : accepted %s (poolsz %"PRIszu")\n",
           hash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str(),
           mapTx.size());
    return true;
}

bool CTransaction::AcceptToMemoryPool(CTxDB& txdb, bool fCheckInputs, bool* pfMissingInputs)
{
    return mempool.accept(txdb, *this, fCheckInputs, pfMissingInputs);
}

bool CTxMemPool::addUnchecked(const uint256& hash, CTransaction &tx)
{
    // Add to memory pool without checking anything.  Don't call this directly,
    // call CTxMemPool::accept to properly check the transaction first.
    {
        mapTx[hash] = tx;
        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < tx.vin.size(); i++)
            mapNextTx[tx.vin[i].prevout] = CInPoint(&mapTx[hash], i);
        nTransactionsUpdated++;
    }
    return true;
}

void CTxMemPool::clear()
{
    LOCK(cs);
    mapTx.clear();
    mapNextTx.clear();
    ++nTransactionsUpdated;
}

void CTxMemPool::queryHashes(std::vector<uint256>& vtxid)
{
    vtxid.clear();

LOCK(cs);
    vtxid.reserve(mapTx.size());
    for (map<uint256, CTransaction>::iterator mi = mapTx.begin(); mi != mapTx.end(); ++mi)
        vtxid.push_back((*mi).first);
}

int CMerkleTx::GetDepthInMainChain(CBlockIndex* &pindexRet) const
{
    if (hashBlock == 0 || nIndex == -1)
        return 0;

pindexRet = pindex;
    return pindexBest->nHeight - pindex->nHeight + 1;
}

int CMerkleTx::GetBlocksToMaturity() const
{
    if (!(IsCoinBase() || IsCoinStake()))
        return 0;
    return max(0, (nCoinbaseMaturity+20) - GetDepthInMainChain());
}

bool CMerkleTx::AcceptToMemoryPool(CTxDB& txdb, bool fCheckInputs)
{
    if (fClient)
    {
        if (!IsInMainChain() && !ClientConnectInputs())
            return false;
        return CTransaction::AcceptToMemoryPool(txdb, false);
    }
    else
    {
        return CTransaction::AcceptToMemoryPool(txdb, fCheckInputs);
    }
}

bool CMerkleTx::AcceptToMemoryPool()
{
    CTxDB txdb("r");
    return AcceptToMemoryPool(txdb);
}

bool CWalletTx::AcceptWalletTransaction(CTxDB& txdb, bool fCheckInputs)
{

{
        LOCK(mempool.cs);
        // Add previous supporting transactions first
        BOOST_FOREACH(CMerkleTx& tx, vtxPrev)
        {
            if (!(tx.IsCoinBase() || tx.IsCoinStake()))
            {
                uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();
                if (!mempool.exists(hash) && !txdb.ContainsTx(hash))
                    tx.AcceptToMemoryPool(txdb, fCheckInputs);
            }
        }
        return AcceptToMemoryPool(txdb, fCheckInputs);
    }
    return false;
}

bool CWalletTx::AcceptWalletTransaction()
{
    CTxDB txdb("r");
    return AcceptWalletTransaction(txdb);
}

// Return transaction in tx, and if it was found inside a block, its hash is placed in hashBlock
bool GetTransaction(const uint256 &hash, CTransaction &tx, uint256 &hashBlock)
{
    {
        LOCK(cs_main);
        {
            LOCK(mempool.cs);
            if (mempool.exists(hash))
            {
                tx = mempool.lookup(hash);
                return true;
            }
        }
        CTxDB txdb("r");
        CTxIndex txindex;
        if (tx.ReadFromDisk(txdb, COutPoint(hash, 0), txindex))
        {
            CBlock block;
            if (block.ReadFromDisk(txindex.pos.nFile, txindex.pos.nBlockPos, false))
                hashBlock = block.GetHash();
            return true;
        }
    }
    return false;
}

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// CBlock and CBlockIndex
//

int generateMTRandom(unsigned int s, int range)
{
	random::mt19937 gen(s);
    random::uniform_int_distribution<> dist(0, range);
    return dist(gen);
}

static const int CUTOFF_HEIGHT = POW_CUTOFF_HEIGHT;	
// miner's coin base reward based on nBits
int64 GetProofOfWorkReward(int nHeight, int64 nFees, uint256 prevHash)
{
    int64 nSubsidy = 0;
	if(fTestNet)
	{
		if(nHeight == 1)
			nSubsidy = 50000000 * COIN; // 50 million premine for testnet so we can be rich
		else
			nSubsidy = 1000 * COIN;
		return nSubsidy + nFees;
	}
	
	nSubsidy = 500 * COIN;
	if(nHeight == 1)
	{
		nSubsidy = 120000 * COIN;
		return nSubsidy + nFees;
	}
    return nSubsidy + nFees;
}

// miner's coin stake reward based on nBits and coin age spent (coin-days)
// simple algorithm, not depend on the diff

int64 GetProofOfStakeReward(int64 nCoinAge, unsigned int nBits, unsigned int nTime, int nHeight)
{
	int64 nSubsidy = 0;
	
	if ( nTime > FORK_TIME )
		nSubsidy = GetProofOfStakeRewardV2(nCoinAge, nBits, nTime,nHeight);
	else
		nSubsidy = GetProofOfStakeRewardV1(nCoinAge, nBits, nTime, nHeight);
		
	return nSubsidy;
}	
	
int64 GetProofOfStakeRewardV1(int64 nCoinAge, unsigned int nBits, unsigned int nTime, int nHeight)
{
    int64 nRewardCoinYear;

nRewardCoinYear = MAX_MINT_PROOF_OF_STAKE;

int64 nSubsidy = nCoinAge * nRewardCoinYear / 365;

if (fDebug && GetBoolArg("-printcreation"))
        printf("GetProofOfStakeReward(): create=%s nCoinAge=%"PRI64d" nBits=%d\n", FormatMoney(nSubsidy).c_str(), nCoinAge, nBits);
    return nSubsidy;
}

int64 GetProofOfStakeRewardV2(int64 nCoinAge, unsigned int nBits, unsigned int nTime, int nHeight)
{
    int64 nRewardCoinYear, nSubsidyLimit = 1000 * COIN;

nRewardCoinYear = MAX_MINT_PROOF_OF_STAKEV2;

int64 nSubsidy = nCoinAge * nRewardCoinYear / 365;

if (fDebug && GetBoolArg("-printcreation"))
        printf("GetProofOfStakeReward(): create=%s nCoinAge=%"PRI64d" nBits=%d\n", FormatMoney(nSubsidy).c_str(), nCoinAge, nBits);
		
	nSubsidy = min(nSubsidy, nSubsidyLimit);
	 
    return nSubsidy;
}

static const int64 nTargetTimespan = 60 * 60;
static const int64 nTargetSpacingWorkMax = 2 * nStakeTargetSpacing;

//
// maximum nBits value could possible be required nTime after
// minimum proof-of-work required was nBase
//
unsigned int ComputeMaxBits(CBigNum bnTargetLimit, unsigned int nBase, int64 nTime)
{
    CBigNum bnResult;
    bnResult.SetCompact(nBase);
    bnResult *= 2;
    while (nTime > 0 && bnResult < bnTargetLimit)
    {
        // Maximum 200% adjustment per day...
        bnResult *= 2;
        nTime -= 24 * 60 * 60;
    }
    if (bnResult > bnTargetLimit)
        bnResult = bnTargetLimit;
    return bnResult.GetCompact();
}

//
// minimum amount of work that could possibly be required nTime after
// minimum proof-of-work required was nBase
//
unsigned int ComputeMinWork(unsigned int nBase, int64 nTime)
{
    return ComputeMaxBits(bnProofOfWorkLimit, nBase, nTime);
}

//
// minimum amount of stake that could possibly be required nTime after
// minimum proof-of-stake required was nBase
//
unsigned int ComputeMinStake(unsigned int nBase, int64 nTime, unsigned int nBlockTime)
{
    return ComputeMaxBits(bnProofOfStakeLimit, nBase, nTime);
}

unsigned int GetNextTargetRequired(const CBlockIndex* pindexLast, bool fProofOfStake) 
{
    CBigNum bnTargetLimit = bnProofOfWorkLimit;

if(fProofOfStake)
    {
        // Proof-of-Stake blocks has own target limit since nVersion=3 supermajority on mainNet and always on testNet
        bnTargetLimit = bnProofOfStakeLimit;
    }

if (pindexLast == NULL)
        return bnTargetLimit.GetCompact(); // genesis block

int64 nActualSpacing = pindexPrev->GetBlockTime() - pindexPrevPrev->GetBlockTime();
	if(nActualSpacing < 0)
	{
		// printf(">> nActualSpacing = %"PRI64d" corrected to 1.\n", nActualSpacing);
		nActualSpacing = 1;
	}
	else if(nActualSpacing > nTargetTimespan)
	{
		// printf(">> nActualSpacing = %"PRI64d" corrected to nTargetTimespan (900).\n", nActualSpacing);
		nActualSpacing = nTargetTimespan;
	}

// ppcoin: target change every block
    // ppcoin: retarget with exponential moving toward target spacing
    CBigNum bnNew;
    bnNew.SetCompact(pindexPrev->nBits);

int64 nTargetSpacing = fProofOfStake? nStakeTargetSpacing : min(nTargetSpacingWorkMax, (int64) nStakeTargetSpacing * (1 + pindexLast->nHeight - pindexPrev->nHeight));
    int64 nInterval = nTargetTimespan / nTargetSpacing;
    bnNew *= ((nInterval - 1) * nTargetSpacing + nActualSpacing + nActualSpacing);
    bnNew /= ((nInterval + 1) * nTargetSpacing);
	
	/*
	printf(">> Height = %d, fProofOfStake = %d, nInterval = %"PRI64d", nTargetSpacing = %"PRI64d", nActualSpacing = %"PRI64d"\n", 
		pindexPrev->nHeight, fProofOfStake, nInterval, nTargetSpacing, nActualSpacing);  
	printf(">> pindexPrev->GetBlockTime() = %"PRI64d", pindexPrev->nHeight = %d, pindexPrevPrev->GetBlockTime() = %"PRI64d", pindexPrevPrev->nHeight = %d\n", 
		pindexPrev->GetBlockTime(), pindexPrev->nHeight, pindexPrevPrev->GetBlockTime(), pindexPrevPrev->nHeight);  
	*/

if (bnNew > bnTargetLimit)
        bnNew = bnTargetLimit;

return bnNew.GetCompact();
}

bool CheckProofOfWork(uint256 hash, unsigned int nBits)
{
    CBigNum bnTarget;
    bnTarget.SetCompact(nBits);

// Check range
    if (bnTarget <= 0 || bnTarget > bnProofOfWorkLimit)
        return error("CheckProofOfWork() : nBits below minimum work");

// Check proof of work matches claimed amount
    if (hash > bnTarget.getuint256())
        return error("CheckProofOfWork() : hash doesn't match nBits");

return true;
}

// Return maximum amount of blocks that other nodes claim to have
int GetNumBlocksOfPeers()
{
    return std::max(cPeerBlockCounts.median(), Checkpoints::GetTotalBlocksEstimate());
}

bool IsInitialBlockDownload()
{
    if (pindexBest == NULL || nBestHeight < Checkpoints::GetTotalBlocksEstimate())
        return true;
    static int64 nLastUpdate;
    static CBlockIndex* pindexLastBest;
    if (pindexBest != pindexLastBest)
    {
        pindexLastBest = pindexBest;
        nLastUpdate = GetTime();
    }
    return (GetTime() - nLastUpdate < 10 &&
            pindexBest->GetBlockTime() < GetTime() - 24 * 60 * 60);
}

void static InvalidChainFound(CBlockIndex* pindexNew)
{
    if (pindexNew->bnChainTrust > bnBestInvalidTrust)
    {
        bnBestInvalidTrust = pindexNew->bnChainTrust;
        CTxDB().WriteBestInvalidTrust(bnBestInvalidTrust);
        uiInterface.NotifyBlocksChanged();
    }

printf("InvalidChainFound: invalid block=%s  height=%d  trust=%s  date=%s\n",
      pindexNew->GetBlockHash().ToString().substr(0,20).c_str(), pindexNew->nHeight,
      pindexNew->bnChainTrust.ToString().c_str(), DateTimeStrFormat("%x %H:%M:%S",
      pindexNew->GetBlockTime()).c_str());
    printf("InvalidChainFound:  current best=%s  height=%d  trust=%s  date=%s\n",
      hashBestChain.ToString().substr(0,20).c_str(), nBestHeight, bnBestChainTrust.ToString().c_str(),
      DateTimeStrFormat("%x %H:%M:%S", pindexBest->GetBlockTime()).c_str());
}

void CBlock::UpdateTime(const CBlockIndex* pindexPrev)
{
    nTime = max(GetBlockTime(), GetAdjustedTime());
}

// Get prev txindex from disk
            CTxIndex txindex;
            if (!txdb.ReadTxIndex(prevout.hash, txindex))
                return error("DisconnectInputs() : ReadTxIndex failed");

if (prevout.n >= txindex.vSpent.size())
                return error("DisconnectInputs() : prevout.n out of range");

// Mark outpoint as not spent
            txindex.vSpent[prevout.n].SetNull();

// Write back
            if (!txdb.UpdateTxIndex(prevout.hash, txindex))
                return error("DisconnectInputs() : UpdateTxIndex failed");
        }
    }

return true;
}

if (IsCoinBase())
        return true; // Coinbase transactions have no inputs to fetch.

for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vin.size(); i++)
    {
        COutPoint prevout = vin[i].prevout;
        if (inputsRet.count(prevout.hash))
            continue; // Got it already

// Read txPrev
        CTransaction& txPrev = inputsRet[prevout.hash].second;
        if (!fFound || txindex.pos == CDiskTxPos(1,1,1))
        {
            // Get prev tx from single transactions in memory
            {
                LOCK(mempool.cs);
                if (!mempool.exists(prevout.hash))
                    return error("FetchInputs() : %s mempool Tx prev not found %s", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10).c_str(),  prevout.hash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());
                txPrev = mempool.lookup(prevout.hash);
            }
            if (!fFound)
                txindex.vSpent.resize(txPrev.vout.size());
        }
        else
        {
            // Get prev tx from disk
            if (!txPrev.ReadFromDisk(txindex.pos))
                return error("FetchInputs() : %s ReadFromDisk prev tx %s failed", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10).c_str(),  prevout.hash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());
        }
    }

// Make sure all prevout.n indexes are valid:
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vin.size(); i++)
    {
        const COutPoint prevout = vin[i].prevout;
        assert(inputsRet.count(prevout.hash) != 0);
        const CTxIndex& txindex = inputsRet[prevout.hash].first;
        const CTransaction& txPrev = inputsRet[prevout.hash].second;
        if (prevout.n >= txPrev.vout.size() || prevout.n >= txindex.vSpent.size())
        {
            // Revisit this if/when transaction replacement is implemented and allows
            // adding inputs:
            fInvalid = true;
            return DoS(100, error("FetchInputs() : %s prevout.n out of range %d %"PRIszu" %"PRIszu" prev tx %s\n%s", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10).c_str(), prevout.n, txPrev.vout.size(), txindex.vSpent.size(), prevout.hash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str(), txPrev.ToString().c_str()));
        }
    }

return true;
}

const CTransaction& txPrev = (mi->second).second;
    if (input.prevout.n >= txPrev.vout.size())
        throw std::runtime_error("CTransaction::GetOutputFor() : prevout.n out of range");

return txPrev.vout[input.prevout.n];
}

int64 CTransaction::GetValueIn(const MapPrevTx& inputs) const
{
    if (IsCoinBase())
        return 0;

int64 nResult = 0;
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vin.size(); i++)
    {
        nResult += GetOutputFor(vin[i], inputs).nValue;
    }
    return nResult;

}

unsigned int CTransaction::GetP2SHSigOpCount(const MapPrevTx& inputs) const
{
    if (IsCoinBase())
        return 0;

bool CTransaction::ConnectInputs(CTxDB& txdb, MapPrevTx inputs,
                                 map<uint256, CTxIndex>& mapTestPool, const CDiskTxPos& posThisTx,
                                 const CBlockIndex* pindexBlock, bool fBlock, bool fMiner, bool fStrictPayToScriptHash)
{
    // Take over previous transactions' spent pointers
    // fBlock is true when this is called from AcceptBlock when a new best-block is added to the blockchain
    // fMiner is true when called from the internal bitcoin miner
    // ... both are false when called from CTransaction::AcceptToMemoryPool
    if (!IsCoinBase())
    {
        int64 nValueIn = 0;
        int64 nFees = 0;
        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vin.size(); i++)
        {
            COutPoint prevout = vin[i].prevout;
            assert(inputs.count(prevout.hash) > 0);
            CTxIndex& txindex = inputs[prevout.hash].first;
            CTransaction& txPrev = inputs[prevout.hash].second;

if (prevout.n >= txPrev.vout.size() || prevout.n >= txindex.vSpent.size())
                return DoS(100, error("ConnectInputs() : %s prevout.n out of range %d %"PRIszu" %"PRIszu" prev tx %s\n%s", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10).c_str(), prevout.n, txPrev.vout.size(), txindex.vSpent.size(), prevout.hash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str(), txPrev.ToString().c_str()));

// ppcoin: check transaction timestamp
            if (txPrev.nTime > nTime)
                return DoS(100, error("ConnectInputs() : transaction timestamp earlier than input transaction"));

// Skip ECDSA signature verification when connecting blocks (fBlock=true)
            // before the last blockchain checkpoint. This is safe because block merkle hashes are
            // still computed and checked, and any change will be caught at the next checkpoint.
            if (!(fBlock && (nBestHeight < Checkpoints::GetTotalBlocksEstimate())))
            {
                // Verify signature
                if (!VerifySignature(txPrev, *this, i, fStrictPayToScriptHash, 0))
                {
                    // only during transition phase for P2SH: do not invoke anti-DoS code for
                    // potentially old clients relaying bad P2SH transactions
                    if (fStrictPayToScriptHash && VerifySignature(txPrev, *this, i, false, 0))
                        return error("ConnectInputs() : %s P2SH VerifySignature failed", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());

return DoS(100,error("ConnectInputs() : %s VerifySignature failed", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10).c_str()));
                }
            }

// Mark outpoints as spent
            txindex.vSpent[prevout.n] = posThisTx;

// Write back
            if (fBlock || fMiner)
            {
                mapTestPool[prevout.hash] = txindex;
            }
        }

if (IsCoinStake())
        {
            // ppcoin: coin stake tx earns reward instead of paying fee
            uint64 nCoinAge;
            if (!GetCoinAge(txdb, nCoinAge))
                return error("ConnectInputs() : %s unable to get coin age for coinstake", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());
            int64 nStakeReward = GetValueOut() - nValueIn;
            if (nStakeReward > GetProofOfStakeReward(nCoinAge, pindexBlock->nBits, nTime, pindexBlock->nHeight) - GetMinFee() + MIN_TX_FEE)
                return DoS(100, error("ConnectInputs() : %s stake reward exceeded", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10).c_str()));
        }
        else
        {
            if (nValueIn < GetValueOut())
                return DoS(100, error("ConnectInputs() : %s value in < value out", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10).c_str()));

// Tally transaction fees
            int64 nTxFee = nValueIn - GetValueOut();
            if (nTxFee < 0)
                return DoS(100, error("ConnectInputs() : %s nTxFee < 0", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10).c_str()));
            // ppcoin: enforce transaction fees for every block
            if (nTxFee < GetMinFee())
                return fBlock? DoS(100, error("ConnectInputs() : %s not paying required fee=%s, paid=%s", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10).c_str(), FormatMoney(GetMinFee()).c_str(), FormatMoney(nTxFee).c_str())) : false;

nFees += nTxFee;
            if (!MoneyRange(nFees))
                return DoS(100, error("ConnectInputs() : nFees out of range"));
        }
    }

return true;
}

bool CTransaction::ClientConnectInputs()
{
    if (IsCoinBase())
        return false;

// Take over previous transactions' spent pointers
    {
        LOCK(mempool.cs);
        int64 nValueIn = 0;
        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vin.size(); i++)
        {
            // Get prev tx from single transactions in memory
            COutPoint prevout = vin[i].prevout;
            if (!mempool.exists(prevout.hash))
                return false;
            CTransaction& txPrev = mempool.lookup(prevout.hash);

if (prevout.n >= txPrev.vout.size())
                return false;

// Verify signature
            if (!VerifySignature(txPrev, *this, i, true, 0))
                return error("ConnectInputs() : VerifySignature failed");

///// this is redundant with the mempool.mapNextTx stuff,
            ///// not sure which I want to get rid of
            ///// this has to go away now that posNext is gone
            // // Check for conflicts
            // if (!txPrev.vout[prevout.n].posNext.IsNull())
            //     return error("ConnectInputs() : prev tx already used");
            //
            // // Flag outpoints as used
            // txPrev.vout[prevout.n].posNext = posThisTx;

nValueIn += txPrev.vout[prevout.n].nValue;

if (!MoneyRange(txPrev.vout[prevout.n].nValue) || !MoneyRange(nValueIn))
                return error("ClientConnectInputs() : txin values out of range");
        }
        if (GetValueOut() > nValueIn)
            return false;
    }

return true;
}

// ppcoin: clean up wallet after disconnecting coinstake
    BOOST_FOREACH(CTransaction& tx, vtx)
        SyncWithWallets(tx, this, false, false);

return true;
}

bool CBlock::ConnectBlock(CTxDB& txdb, CBlockIndex* pindex, bool fJustCheck)
{
    // Check it again in case a previous version let a bad block in
    if (!CheckBlock(!fJustCheck, !fJustCheck))
        return false;

// Do not allow blocks that contain transactions which 'overwrite' older transactions,
    // unless those are already completely spent.
    // If such overwrites are allowed, coinbases and transactions depending upon those
    // can be duplicated to remove the ability to spend the first instance -- even after
    // being sent to another address.
    // See BIP30 and http://r6.ca/blog/20120206T005236Z.html for more information.
    // This logic is not necessary for memory pool transactions, as AcceptToMemoryPool
    // already refuses previously-known transaction ids entirely.
    // This rule was originally applied all blocks whose timestamp was after March 15, 2012, 0:00 UTC.
    // Now that the whole chain is irreversibly beyond that time it is applied to all blocks except the
    // two in the chain that violate it. This prevents exploiting the issue against nodes in their
    // initial block download.
    bool fEnforceBIP30 = true; // Always active in HyperStake
    bool fStrictPayToScriptHash = true; // Always active in HyperStake

map<uint256, CTxIndex> mapQueuedChanges;
    int64 nFees = 0;
    int64 nValueIn = 0;
    int64 nValueOut = 0;
    unsigned int nSigOps = 0;
    BOOST_FOREACH(CTransaction& tx, vtx)
    {
        uint256 hashTx = tx.GetHash();

if (fEnforceBIP30) {
            CTxIndex txindexOld;
            if (txdb.ReadTxIndex(hashTx, txindexOld)) {
                BOOST_FOREACH(CDiskTxPos &pos, txindexOld.vSpent)
                    if (pos.IsNull())
                        return false;
            }
        }

nSigOps += tx.GetLegacySigOpCount();
        if (nSigOps > MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS)
            return DoS(100, error("ConnectBlock() : too many sigops"));

CDiskTxPos posThisTx(pindex->nFile, pindex->nBlockPos, nTxPos);
        if (!fJustCheck)
            nTxPos += ::GetSerializeSize(tx, SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);

if (fStrictPayToScriptHash)
            {
                // Add in sigops done by pay-to-script-hash inputs;
                // this is to prevent a "rogue miner" from creating
                // an incredibly-expensive-to-validate block.
                nSigOps += tx.GetP2SHSigOpCount(mapInputs);
                if (nSigOps > MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS)
                    return DoS(100, error("ConnectBlock() : too many sigops"));
            }

int64 nTxValueIn = tx.GetValueIn(mapInputs);
            int64 nTxValueOut = tx.GetValueOut();
            nValueIn += nTxValueIn;
            nValueOut += nTxValueOut;
            if (!tx.IsCoinStake())
                nFees += nTxValueIn - nTxValueOut;

if (!tx.ConnectInputs(txdb, mapInputs, mapQueuedChanges, posThisTx, pindex, true, false, fStrictPayToScriptHash))
                return false;
        }

mapQueuedChanges[hashTx] = CTxIndex(posThisTx, tx.vout.size());
    }

// ppcoin: fees are not collected by miners as in bitcoin
    // ppcoin: fees are destroyed to compensate the entire network
    if (fDebug && GetBoolArg("-printcreation"))
        printf("ConnectBlock() : destroy=%s nFees=%"PRI64d"\n", FormatMoney(nFees).c_str(), nFees);

if (fJustCheck)
        return true;

uint256 prevHash = 0;
	if(pindex->pprev)
	{
		prevHash = pindex->pprev->GetBlockHash();
		// printf("==> Got prevHash = %s\n", prevHash.ToString().c_str());
	}

if (vtx[0].GetValueOut() > GetProofOfWorkReward(pindex->nHeight, nFees, prevHash))
		return false;

// Update block index on disk without changing it in memory.
    // The memory index structure will be changed after the db commits.
    if (pindex->pprev)
    {
        CDiskBlockIndex blockindexPrev(pindex->pprev);
        blockindexPrev.hashNext = pindex->GetBlockHash();
        if (!txdb.WriteBlockIndex(blockindexPrev))
            return error("ConnectBlock() : WriteBlockIndex failed");
    }

// Watch for transactions paying to me
    BOOST_FOREACH(CTransaction& tx, vtx)
        SyncWithWallets(tx, this, true);

return true;
}

bool static Reorganize(CTxDB& txdb, CBlockIndex* pindexNew)
{
    printf("REORGANIZE\n");

// List of what to disconnect
    vector<CBlockIndex*> vDisconnect;
    for (CBlockIndex* pindex = pindexBest; pindex != pfork; pindex = pindex->pprev)
        vDisconnect.push_back(pindex);

printf("REORGANIZE: Disconnect %"PRIszu" blocks; %s..%s\n", vDisconnect.size(), pfork->GetBlockHash().ToString().substr(0,20).c_str(), pindexBest->GetBlockHash().ToString().substr(0,20).c_str());
    printf("REORGANIZE: Connect %"PRIszu" blocks; %s..%s\n", vConnect.size(), pfork->GetBlockHash().ToString().substr(0,20).c_str(), pindexNew->GetBlockHash().ToString().substr(0,20).c_str());

// Disconnect shorter branch
    vector<CTransaction> vResurrect;
    BOOST_FOREACH(CBlockIndex* pindex, vDisconnect)
    {
        CBlock block;
        if (!block.ReadFromDisk(pindex))
            return error("Reorganize() : ReadFromDisk for disconnect failed");
        if (!block.DisconnectBlock(txdb, pindex))
            return error("Reorganize() : DisconnectBlock %s failed", pindex->GetBlockHash().ToString().substr(0,20).c_str());

// Queue memory transactions to resurrect
        BOOST_FOREACH(const CTransaction& tx, block.vtx)
            if (!(tx.IsCoinBase() || tx.IsCoinStake()))
                vResurrect.push_back(tx);
    }

// Make sure it's successfully written to disk before changing memory structure
    if (!txdb.TxnCommit())
        return error("Reorganize() : TxnCommit failed");

// Disconnect shorter branch
    BOOST_FOREACH(CBlockIndex* pindex, vDisconnect)
        if (pindex->pprev)
            pindex->pprev->pnext = NULL;

// Connect longer branch
    BOOST_FOREACH(CBlockIndex* pindex, vConnect)
        if (pindex->pprev)
            pindex->pprev->pnext = pindex;

// Resurrect memory transactions that were in the disconnected branch
    BOOST_FOREACH(CTransaction& tx, vResurrect)
        tx.AcceptToMemoryPool(txdb, false);

// Delete redundant memory transactions that are in the connected branch
    BOOST_FOREACH(CTransaction& tx, vDelete)
        mempool.remove(tx);

printf("REORGANIZE: done\n");

return true;
}

// Called from inside SetBestChain: attaches a block to the new best chain being built
bool CBlock::SetBestChainInner(CTxDB& txdb, CBlockIndex *pindexNew)
{
    uint256 hash = GetHash();

// Add to current best branch
    pindexNew->pprev->pnext = pindexNew;

// Delete redundant memory transactions
    BOOST_FOREACH(CTransaction& tx, vtx)
        mempool.remove(tx);

return true;
}

bool CBlock::SetBestChain(CTxDB& txdb, CBlockIndex* pindexNew)
{
    uint256 hash = GetHash();

if (!txdb.TxnBegin())
        return error("SetBestChain() : TxnBegin failed");

// list of blocks that need to be connected afterwards
        std::vector<CBlockIndex*> vpindexSecondary;

// Reorganize is costly in terms of db load, as it works in a single db transaction.
        // Try to limit how much needs to be done inside
        while (pindexIntermediate->pprev && pindexIntermediate->pprev->bnChainTrust > pindexBest->bnChainTrust)
        {
            vpindexSecondary.push_back(pindexIntermediate);
            pindexIntermediate = pindexIntermediate->pprev;
        }

if (!vpindexSecondary.empty())
            printf("Postponing %"PRIszu" reconnects\n", vpindexSecondary.size());

// Connect further blocks
        BOOST_REVERSE_FOREACH(CBlockIndex *pindex, vpindexSecondary)
        {
            CBlock block;
            if (!block.ReadFromDisk(pindex))
            {
                printf("SetBestChain() : ReadFromDisk failed\n");
                break;
            }
            if (!txdb.TxnBegin()) {
                printf("SetBestChain() : TxnBegin 2 failed\n");
                break;
            }
            // errors now are not fatal, we still did a reorganisation to a new chain in a valid way
            if (!block.SetBestChainInner(txdb, pindex))
                break;
        }
    }

// New best block
    hashBestChain = hash;
    pindexBest = pindexNew;
    pblockindexFBBHLast = NULL;
    nBestHeight = pindexBest->nHeight;
    bnBestChainTrust = pindexNew->bnChainTrust;
    nTimeBestReceived = GetTime();
    nTransactionsUpdated++;
    printf("SetBestChain: new best=%s  height=%d  trust=%s  date=%s\n",
      hashBestChain.ToString().c_str(), nBestHeight, bnBestChainTrust.ToString().c_str(),
      DateTimeStrFormat("%x %H:%M:%S", pindexBest->GetBlockTime()).c_str());

printf("Stake checkpoint: %x\n", pindexBest->nStakeModifierChecksum);

// Check the version of the last 100 blocks to see if we need to upgrade:
    if (!fIsInitialDownload)
    {
        int nUpgraded = 0;
        const CBlockIndex* pindex = pindexBest;
        for (int i = 0; i < 100 && pindex != NULL; i++)
        {
            if (pindex->nVersion > CBlock::CURRENT_VERSION)
                ++nUpgraded;
            pindex = pindex->pprev;
        }
        if (nUpgraded > 0)
            printf("SetBestChain: %d of last 100 blocks above version %d\n", nUpgraded, CBlock::CURRENT_VERSION);
        if (nUpgraded > 100/2)
            // strMiscWarning is read by GetWarnings(), called by Qt and the JSON-RPC code to warn the user:
            strMiscWarning = _("Warning: This version is obsolete, upgrade required!");
    }

std::string strCmd = GetArg("-blocknotify", "");

if (!fIsInitialDownload && !strCmd.empty())
    {
        boost::replace_all(strCmd, "%s", hashBestChain.GetHex());
        boost::thread t(runCommand, strCmd); // thread runs free
    }

return true;
}

// ppcoin: total coin age spent in transaction, in the unit of coin-days.
// Only those coins meeting minimum age requirement counts. As those
// transactions not in main chain are not currently indexed so we
// might not find out about their coin age. Older transactions are 
// guaranteed to be in main chain by sync-checkpoint. This rule is
// introduced to help nodes establish a consistent view of the coin
// age (trust score) of competing branches.
bool CTransaction::GetCoinAge(CTxDB& txdb, uint64& nCoinAge) const
{
    CBigNum bnCentSecond = 0;  // coin age in the unit of cent-seconds
    nCoinAge = 0;

if (IsCoinBase())
        return true;

BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, vin)
    {
        // First try finding the previous transaction in database
        CTransaction txPrev;
        CTxIndex txindex;
        if (!txPrev.ReadFromDisk(txdb, txin.prevout, txindex))
            continue;  // previous transaction not in main chain
        if (nTime < txPrev.nTime)
        {
            printf("GetCoinAge: Timestamp Violation: txtime less than txPrev.nTime");
            return false;  // Transaction timestamp violation
        }

int64 nValueIn = txPrev.vout[txin.prevout.n].nValue;
        bnCentSecond += CBigNum(nValueIn) * (nTime-txPrev.nTime) / CENT;

if (fDebug && GetBoolArg("-printcoinage"))
            printf("coin age nValueIn=%"PRI64d" nTimeDiff=%d bnCentSecond=%s\n", nValueIn, nTime - txPrev.nTime, bnCentSecond.ToString().c_str());
    }

CBigNum bnCoinDay = bnCentSecond * CENT / COIN / (24 * 60 * 60);
    if (fDebug && GetBoolArg("-printcoinage"))
        printf("coin age bnCoinDay=%s\n", bnCoinDay.ToString().c_str());
    nCoinAge = bnCoinDay.getuint64();
    return true;
}

// ppcoin: total coin age spent in block, in the unit of coin-days.
bool CBlock::GetCoinAge(uint64& nCoinAge) const
{
    nCoinAge = 0;

CTxDB txdb("r");
    BOOST_FOREACH(const CTransaction& tx, vtx)
    {
        uint64 nTxCoinAge;
        if (tx.GetCoinAge(txdb, nTxCoinAge))
            nCoinAge += nTxCoinAge;
        else
            return false;
    }

if (nCoinAge == 0) // block coin age minimum 1 coin-day
        nCoinAge = 1;
    if (fDebug && GetBoolArg("-printcoinage"))
        printf("block coin age total nCoinDays=%"PRI64d"\n", nCoinAge);
    return true;
}

bool CBlock::AddToBlockIndex(unsigned int nFile, unsigned int nBlockPos)
{
    // Check for duplicate
    uint256 hash = GetHash();
    if (mapBlockIndex.count(hash))
        return error("AddToBlockIndex() : %s already exists", hash.ToString().substr(0,20).c_str());

// ppcoin: compute chain trust score
    pindexNew->bnChainTrust = (pindexNew->pprev ? pindexNew->pprev->bnChainTrust : 0) + pindexNew->GetBlockTrust();

// ppcoin: record proof-of-stake hash value
    if (pindexNew->IsProofOfStake())
    {
        if (!mapProofOfStake.count(hash))
            return error("AddToBlockIndex() : hashProofOfStake not found in map");
        pindexNew->hashProofOfStake = mapProofOfStake[hash];
    }

// ppcoin: compute stake modifier
    uint64 nStakeModifier = 0;
    bool fGeneratedStakeModifier = false;
    if (!ComputeNextStakeModifier(pindexNew->pprev, nStakeModifier, fGeneratedStakeModifier))
        return error("AddToBlockIndex() : ComputeNextStakeModifier() failed");
    pindexNew->SetStakeModifier(nStakeModifier, fGeneratedStakeModifier);
    pindexNew->nStakeModifierChecksum = GetStakeModifierChecksum(pindexNew);
    if (!CheckStakeModifierCheckpoints(pindexNew->nHeight, pindexNew->nStakeModifierChecksum))
        return error("AddToBlockIndex() : Rejected by stake modifier checkpoint height=%d, modifier=0x%016"PRI64x, pindexNew->nHeight, nStakeModifier);

// Write to disk block index
    CTxDB txdb;
    if (!txdb.TxnBegin())
        return false;
    txdb.WriteBlockIndex(CDiskBlockIndex(pindexNew));
    if (!txdb.TxnCommit())
        return false;

// New best
    if (pindexNew->bnChainTrust > bnBestChainTrust)
        if (!SetBestChain(txdb, pindexNew))
            return false;

txdb.Close();

uiInterface.NotifyBlocksChanged();
    return true;
}

bool CBlock::CheckBlock(bool fCheckPOW, bool fCheckMerkleRoot) const
{
    // These are checks that are independent of context
    // that can be verified before saving an orphan block.
    // Size limits
    if (vtx.empty() || vtx.size() > MAX_BLOCK_SIZE || ::GetSerializeSize(*this, SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION) > MAX_BLOCK_SIZE)
        return DoS(100, error("CheckBlock() : size limits failed"));

// Check proof of work matches claimed amount
    if (fCheckPOW && IsProofOfWork() && !CheckProofOfWork(GetHash(), nBits))
        return DoS(50, error("CheckBlock() : proof of work failed"));

// Check timestamp
    if (GetBlockTime() > GetAdjustedTime() + GetClockDrift(GetBlockTime()))
        return error("CheckBlock() : block timestamp too far in the future");

// ppcoin: only the second transaction can be the optional coinstake
    for (unsigned int i = 2; i < vtx.size(); i++)
        if (vtx[i].IsCoinStake())
            return DoS(100, error("CheckBlock() : coinstake in wrong position"));

// ppcoin: coinbase output should be empty if proof-of-stake block
    if (IsProofOfStake() && (vtx[0].vout.size() != 1 || !vtx[0].vout[0].IsEmpty()))
        return error("CheckBlock() : coinbase output not empty for proof-of-stake block");

// Check coinbase timestamp
    if (GetBlockTime() > (int64)vtx[0].nTime + GetClockDrift(GetBlockTime()))
        return DoS(50, error("CheckBlock() : coinbase timestamp is too early"));

// Check coinstake timestamp
    if (IsProofOfStake() && !CheckCoinStakeTimestamp(GetBlockTime(), (int64)vtx[1].nTime))
        return DoS(50, error("CheckBlock() : coinstake timestamp violation nTimeBlock=%"PRI64d" nTimeTx=%u", GetBlockTime(), vtx[1].nTime));

// Check transactions
    BOOST_FOREACH(const CTransaction& tx, vtx)
    {
        if (!tx.CheckTransaction())
            return DoS(tx.nDoS, error("CheckBlock() : CheckTransaction failed"));

// ppcoin: check transaction timestamp
        if (GetBlockTime() < (int64)tx.nTime)
            return DoS(50, error("CheckBlock() : block timestamp earlier than transaction timestamp"));
    }

// Check merkle root
    if (fCheckMerkleRoot && hashMerkleRoot != BuildMerkleTree())
        return DoS(100, error("CheckBlock() : hashMerkleRoot mismatch"));

// ppcoin: check block signature
    if (!CheckBlockSignature())
        return DoS(100, error("CheckBlock() : bad block signature"));

return true;
}

bool CBlock::AcceptBlock()
{
    // Check for duplicate
    uint256 hash = GetHash();
    if (mapBlockIndex.count(hash))
        return error("AcceptBlock() : block already in mapBlockIndex");

if (IsProofOfWork() && nHeight > POW_CUTOFF_HEIGHT)
             return DoS(100, error("AcceptBlock() : No proof-of-work allowed anymore (height = %d)", nHeight));

// Check timestamp against prev
    if (GetBlockTime() <= pindexPrev->GetMedianTimePast() || GetBlockTime() + GetClockDrift(GetBlockTime()) < pindexPrev->GetBlockTime())
        return error("AcceptBlock() : block's timestamp is too early");

// Check that all transactions are finalized
    BOOST_FOREACH(const CTransaction& tx, vtx)
        if (!tx.IsFinal(nHeight, GetBlockTime()))
            return DoS(10, error("AcceptBlock() : contains a non-final transaction"));

/*	HyperStake is not using a checkpoint server
    // ppcoin: check that the block satisfies synchronized checkpoint
    if (!Checkpoints::CheckSync(hash, pindexPrev))
    {
        if(!GetBoolArg("-nosynccheckpoints", false))
        {
            return error("AcceptBlock() : rejected by synchronized checkpoint");
        }
        else
        {
            strMiscWarning = _("WARNING: syncronized checkpoint violation detected, but skipped!");
        }
    }*/

// Reject block.nVersion < 3 blocks since 95% threshold on mainNet and always on testNet:
    if (nVersion < 3 && ((!fTestNet && nHeight > 14060) || (fTestNet && nHeight > 0)))
        return error("CheckBlock() : rejected nVersion < 3 block");

// Enforce rule that the coinbase starts with serialized block height
    CScript expect = CScript() << nHeight;
    if (!std::equal(expect.begin(), expect.end(), vtx[0].vin[0].scriptSig.begin()))
        return DoS(100, error("AcceptBlock() : block height mismatch in coinbase"));

// Write block to history file
    if (!CheckDiskSpace(::GetSerializeSize(*this, SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION)))
        return error("AcceptBlock() : out of disk space");
    unsigned int nFile = -1;
    unsigned int nBlockPos = 0;
    if (!WriteToDisk(nFile, nBlockPos))
        return error("AcceptBlock() : WriteToDisk failed");
    if (!AddToBlockIndex(nFile, nBlockPos))
        return error("AcceptBlock() : AddToBlockIndex failed");

/* HyperStake is not using a checkpoint server
    // ppcoin: check pending sync-checkpoint
    Checkpoints::AcceptPendingSyncCheckpoint();*/

return true;
}

CBigNum CBlockIndex::GetBlockTrust() const
{
    CBigNum bnTarget;
    bnTarget.SetCompact(nBits);
    if (bnTarget <= 0)
        return 0;

if (IsProofOfStake())
    {
        // Return trust score as usual
        return (CBigNum(1)<<256) / (bnTarget+1);
    }
    else
    {
        // Calculate work amount for block
        CBigNum bnPoWTrust = (bnProofOfWorkLimit / (bnTarget+1));
        return bnPoWTrust > 1 ? bnPoWTrust : 1;
    }
}

bool ProcessBlock(CNode* pfrom, CBlock* pblock)
{
    // Check for duplicate
    uint256 hash = pblock->GetHash();
    if (mapBlockIndex.count(hash))
        return error("ProcessBlock() : already have block %d %s", mapBlockIndex[hash]->nHeight, hash.ToString().substr(0,20).c_str());
    if (mapOrphanBlocks.count(hash))
        return error("ProcessBlock() : already have block (orphan) %s", hash.ToString().substr(0,20).c_str());

// ppcoin: check proof-of-stake
    // Limited duplicity on stake: prevents block flood attack
    // Duplicate stake allowed only when there is orphan child block
    if (pblock->IsProofOfStake() && setStakeSeen.count(pblock->GetProofOfStake()) && !mapOrphanBlocksByPrev.count(hash) && !Checkpoints::WantedByPendingSyncCheckpoint(hash))
        return error("ProcessBlock() : duplicate proof-of-stake (%s, %d) for block %s", pblock->GetProofOfStake().first.ToString().c_str(), pblock->GetProofOfStake().second, hash.ToString().c_str());

// Preliminary checks
    if (!pblock->CheckBlock())
        return error("ProcessBlock() : CheckBlock FAILED");

// ppcoin: verify hash target and signature of coinstake tx
    if (pblock->IsProofOfStake())
    {
        uint256 hashProofOfStake = 0;
        if (!CheckProofOfStake(pblock->vtx[1], pblock->nBits, hashProofOfStake))
        {
			printf("WARNING: ProcessBlock(): check proof-of-stake failed for block %s\n", hash.ToString().c_str());
			return false;
        }
        if (!mapProofOfStake.count(hash)) // add to mapProofOfStake
            mapProofOfStake.insert(make_pair(hash, hashProofOfStake));
    }

CBlockIndex* pcheckpoint = Checkpoints::GetLastSyncCheckpoint();
    if (pcheckpoint && pblock->hashPrevBlock != hashBestChain && !Checkpoints::WantedByPendingSyncCheckpoint(hash))
    {
        // Extra checks to prevent "fill up memory by spamming with bogus blocks"
        int64 deltaTime = pblock->GetBlockTime() - pcheckpoint->nTime;
        CBigNum bnNewBlock;
        bnNewBlock.SetCompact(pblock->nBits);
        CBigNum bnRequired;

if (pblock->IsProofOfStake())
            bnRequired.SetCompact(ComputeMinStake(GetLastBlockIndex(pcheckpoint, true)->nBits, deltaTime, pblock->nTime));
        else
            bnRequired.SetCompact(ComputeMinWork(GetLastBlockIndex(pcheckpoint, false)->nBits, deltaTime));

if (bnNewBlock > bnRequired)
        {
            if (pfrom)
                pfrom->Misbehaving(100);
            return error("ProcessBlock() : block with too little %s", pblock->IsProofOfStake()? "proof-of-stake" : "proof-of-work");
        }
    }

/* HyperStake is not using checkpoint server
    // ppcoin: ask for pending sync-checkpoint if any
    if (!IsInitialBlockDownload())
        Checkpoints::AskForPendingSyncCheckpoint(pfrom);*/

// If don't already have its previous block, shunt it off to holding area until we get it
    if (!mapBlockIndex.count(pblock->hashPrevBlock))
    {
        printf("ProcessBlock: ORPHAN BLOCK, prev=%s\n", pblock->hashPrevBlock.ToString().substr(0,20).c_str());
        
        // ppcoin: check proof-of-stake
        if (pblock->IsProofOfStake())
        {
            // Limited duplicity on stake: prevents block flood attack
            // Duplicate stake allowed only when there is orphan child block
            if (setStakeSeenOrphan.count(pblock->GetProofOfStake()) && !mapOrphanBlocksByPrev.count(hash) && !Checkpoints::WantedByPendingSyncCheckpoint(hash))
                return error("ProcessBlock() : duplicate proof-of-stake (%s, %d) for orphan block %s", pblock->GetProofOfStake().first.ToString().c_str(), pblock->GetProofOfStake().second, hash.ToString().c_str());
            else
                setStakeSeenOrphan.insert(pblock->GetProofOfStake());
        }
		CBlock* pblock2 = new CBlock(*pblock);
        mapOrphanBlocks.insert(make_pair(hash, pblock2));
        mapOrphanBlocksByPrev.insert(make_pair(pblock2->hashPrevBlock, pblock2));

// Store to disk
    if (!pblock->AcceptBlock())
        return error("ProcessBlock() : AcceptBlock FAILED");

printf("ProcessBlock: ACCEPTED\n");
	// If turned on MultiSend will send a transaction (or more) on the 30th confirmation of a stake
	if (pwalletMain->fMultiSend)
		if (!pwalletMain->MultiSend() )
			printf("ERROR While trying to use MultiSend");
	
	
	/* HyperStake is not using a checkpoint server
    // ppcoin: if responsible for sync-checkpoint send it
    if (pfrom && !CSyncCheckpoint::strMasterPrivKey.empty())
        Checkpoints::SendSyncCheckpoint(Checkpoints::AutoSelectSyncCheckpoint());*/
		
	// presstab HyperStake: enable of disable staking based on block difficulty
	if(pwalletMain->fStakeRequirement)
	{
		if(pwalletMain->strDisableType == "diff")
		{
			int nShift = (pblock->nBits >> 24) & 0xff;
			double dDiff = (double)0x0000ffff / (double)(pblock->nBits & 0x00ffffff);
			while (nShift < 29)
			{
				dDiff *= 256.0;
				nShift++;
			}
			while (nShift > 29)
			{
				dDiff /= 256.0;
				nShift--;
			}
			if(pwalletMain->strDisableArg == ">")
			{
				if(dDiff > (pwalletMain->dUserNumber))
					pwalletMain->fDisableStake = true;
				else
					pwalletMain->fDisableStake = false;
			}
			else if (pwalletMain->strDisableArg == "<")
			{
				if(dDiff < (pwalletMain->dUserNumber))
					pwalletMain->fDisableStake = true;
				else
					pwalletMain->fDisableStake = false;
			}
		}
		else if (pwalletMain->strDisableType == "weight")
		{
			uint64 nMinMax;
			uint64 nWeight;
			uint64 nHoursToMaturity;
			uint64 nAmount;
			pwalletMain->GetStakeWeight(*pwalletMain, nMinMax, nMinMax, nWeight, nHoursToMaturity, nAmount);
			
			if(pwalletMain->strDisableArg == ">")
			{
				if(nWeight > (pwalletMain->dUserNumber))
					pwalletMain->fDisableStake = true;
				else
					pwalletMain->fDisableStake = false;
			}
			else if (pwalletMain->strDisableArg == "<")
			{
				if(nWeight < (pwalletMain->dUserNumber))
					pwalletMain->fDisableStake = true;
				else
					pwalletMain->fDisableStake = false;
			}
		}
	}
	
    return true;
}

// ppcoin: sign block
bool CBlock::SignBlock(const CKeyStore& keystore)
{
    vector<valtype> vSolutions;
    txnouttype whichType;

if(!IsProofOfStake())
    {
        for(unsigned int i = 0; i < vtx[0].vout.size(); i++)
        {
            const CTxOut& txout = vtx[0].vout[i];

if (!Solver(txout.scriptPubKey, whichType, vSolutions))
                continue;

if (whichType == TX_PUBKEY)
            {
                // Sign
                valtype& vchPubKey = vSolutions[0];
                CKey key;

if (!keystore.GetKey(Hash160(vchPubKey), key))
                    continue;
                if (key.GetPubKey() != vchPubKey)
                    continue;
                if(!key.Sign(GetHash(), vchBlockSig))
                    continue;

return true;
            }
        }
    }
    else
    {
        const CTxOut& txout = vtx[1].vout[1];

if (!Solver(txout.scriptPubKey, whichType, vSolutions))
            return false;

if (whichType == TX_PUBKEY)
        {
            // Sign
            valtype& vchPubKey = vSolutions[0];
            CKey key;

if (!keystore.GetKey(Hash160(vchPubKey), key))
                return false;
            if (key.GetPubKey() != vchPubKey)
                return false;

return key.Sign(GetHash(), vchBlockSig);
        }
    }

printf("Sign failed\n");
    return false;
}

// ppcoin: check block signature
bool CBlock::CheckBlockSignature() const
{
    if (GetHash() == (!fTestNet ? hashGenesisBlock : hashGenesisBlockTestNet))
        return vchBlockSig.empty();

vector<valtype> vSolutions;
    txnouttype whichType;

if(IsProofOfStake())
    {
        const CTxOut& txout = vtx[1].vout[1];

if (!Solver(txout.scriptPubKey, whichType, vSolutions))
                return false;

return true;
            }
        }
    }
    return false;
}

bool CheckDiskSpace(uint64 nAdditionalBytes)
{
    uint64 nFreeBytesAvailable = filesystem::space(GetDataDir()).available;

// Check for nMinDiskSpace bytes (currently 50MB)
    if (nFreeBytesAvailable < nMinDiskSpace + nAdditionalBytes)
    {
        fShutdown = true;
        string strMessage = _("Warning: Disk space is low!");
        strMiscWarning = strMessage;
        printf("*** %s\n", strMessage.c_str());
        uiInterface.ThreadSafeMessageBox(strMessage, "HyperStake", CClientUIInterface::OK | CClientUIInterface::ICON_ETRKLAMATION | CClientUIInterface::MODAL);
        StartShutdown();
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

static filesystem::path BlockFilePath(unsigned int nFile)
{
    string strBlockFn = strprintf("blk%04u.dat", nFile);
    return GetDataDir() / strBlockFn;
}

static unsigned int nCurrentBlockFile = 1;

bool LoadBlockIndex(bool fAllowNew)
{
    if (fTestNet)
    {
        pchMessageStart[0] = 0xdd;
        pchMessageStart[1] = 0x4d;
        pchMessageStart[2] = 0xdd;
        pchMessageStart[3] = 0x4d;

nCoinbaseMaturity = 10; // test maturity is 10 blocks
        nStakeTargetSpacing = 90; // test block spacing is 90 seconds
    }

//
    // Load block index
    //
    CTxDB txdb("cr");
    if (!txdb.LoadBlockIndex())
        return false;
    txdb.Close();

//
    // Init with genesis block
    //
    if (mapBlockIndex.empty())
    {
        if (!fAllowNew)
            return false;

// Genesis block
        const char* pszTimestamp = "29/5/14 - Replica Ghostbusters car stops the traffic - BBC UK";
        CTransaction txNew;
        txNew.nTime = nChainStartTime;
        txNew.vin.resize(1);
        txNew.vout.resize(1);
        txNew.vin[0].scriptSig = CScript() << 486604799 << CBigNum(9999) << vector<unsigned char>((const unsigned char*)pszTimestamp, (const unsigned char*)pszTimestamp + strlen(pszTimestamp));
        txNew.vout[0].SetEmpty();

CBlock block;
        block.vtx.push_back(txNew);
        block.hashPrevBlock = 0;
        block.hashMerkleRoot = block.BuildMerkleTree();
        block.nVersion = 1;
        block.nTime    = 1401331380;
        block.nBits    = bnProofOfWorkLimit.GetCompact();
        block.nNonce   = 1779291;
        if(fTestNet)
		{
			block.nTime = 1424304823;
			block.nNonce = 0;
		}
		
		if (false ) {

// This will figure out a valid hash and Nonce if you're
        // creating a different genesis block:
            uint256 hashTarget = CBigNum().SetCompact(block.nBits).getuint256();
            while (block.GetHash() > hashTarget)
               {
                   ++block.nNonce;
                   if (block.nNonce == 0)
                   {
                       printf("NONCE WRAPPED, incrementing time");
                       ++block.nTime;
                   }
               }
        }
        //// debug print
        block.print();
        printf("block.GetHash() == %s\n", block.GetHash().ToString().c_str());
        printf("block.hashMerkleRoot == %s\n", block.hashMerkleRoot.ToString().c_str());
        printf("block.nTime = %u \n", block.nTime);
        printf("block.nNonce = %u \n", block.nNonce);

assert(block.hashMerkleRoot == uint256("37ad323037e6e55553fadebbe60690a1bff2752f947b7af8cb6b54929f5fee3d"));
		assert(block.GetHash() == (!fTestNet ? hashGenesisBlock : hashGenesisBlockTestNet));

// Start new block file
        unsigned int nFile;
        unsigned int nBlockPos;
        if (!block.WriteToDisk(nFile, nBlockPos))
            return error("LoadBlockIndex() : writing genesis block to disk failed");
        if (!block.AddToBlockIndex(nFile, nBlockPos))
            return error("LoadBlockIndex() : genesis block not accepted");

return true;
}

void PrintBlockTree()
{
    // pre-compute tree structure
    map<CBlockIndex*, vector<CBlockIndex*> > mapNext;
    for (map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.begin(); mi != mapBlockIndex.end(); ++mi)
    {
        CBlockIndex* pindex = (*mi).second;
        mapNext[pindex->pprev].push_back(pindex);
        // test
        //while (rand() % 3 == 0)
        //    mapNext[pindex->pprev].push_back(pindex);
    }

vector<pair<int, CBlockIndex*> > vStack;
    vStack.push_back(make_pair(0, pindexGenesisBlock));

int nPrevCol = 0;
    while (!vStack.empty())
    {
        int nCol = vStack.back().first;
        CBlockIndex* pindex = vStack.back().second;
        vStack.pop_back();

// print split or gap
        if (nCol > nPrevCol)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < nCol-1; i++)
                printf("| ");
            printf("|\\\n");
        }
        else if (nCol < nPrevCol)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < nCol; i++)
                printf("| ");
            printf("|\n");
       }
        nPrevCol = nCol;

// print columns
        for (int i = 0; i < nCol; i++)
            printf("| ");

// print item
        CBlock block;
        block.ReadFromDisk(pindex);
        printf("%d (%u,%u) %s  %08x  %s  mint %7s  tx %"PRIszu"",
            pindex->nHeight,
            pindex->nFile,
            pindex->nBlockPos,
            block.GetHash().ToString().c_str(),
            block.nBits,
            DateTimeStrFormat("%x %H:%M:%S", block.GetBlockTime()).c_str(),
            FormatMoney(pindex->nMint).c_str(),
            block.vtx.size());

PrintWallets(block);

// iterate children
        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vNext.size(); i++)
            vStack.push_back(make_pair(nCol+i, vNext[i]));
    }
}

bool LoadExternalBlockFile(FILE* fileIn)
{
    int64 nStart = GetTimeMillis();

int nLoaded = 0;
    {
        LOCK(cs_main);
        try {
            CAutoFile blkdat(fileIn, SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
            unsigned int nPos = 0;
            while (nPos != (unsigned int)-1 && blkdat.good() && !fRequestShutdown)
            {
                unsigned char pchData[65536];
                do {
                    fseek(blkdat, nPos, SEEK_SET);
                    int nRead = fread(pchData, 1, sizeof(pchData), blkdat);
                    if (nRead <= 8)
                    {
                        nPos = (unsigned int)-1;
                        break;
                    }
                    void* nFind = memchr(pchData, pchMessageStart[0], nRead+1-sizeof(pchMessageStart));
                    if (nFind)
                    {
                        if (memcmp(nFind, pchMessageStart, sizeof(pchMessageStart))==0)
                        {
                            nPos += ((unsigned char*)nFind - pchData) + sizeof(pchMessageStart);
                            break;
                        }
                        nPos += ((unsigned char*)nFind - pchData) + 1;
                    }
                    else
                        nPos += sizeof(pchData) - sizeof(pchMessageStart) + 1;
                } while(!fRequestShutdown);
                if (nPos == (unsigned int)-1)
                    break;
                fseek(blkdat, nPos, SEEK_SET);
                unsigned int nSize;
                blkdat >> nSize;
                if (nSize > 0 && nSize <= MAX_BLOCK_SIZE)
                {
                    CBlock block;
                    blkdat >> block;
                    if (ProcessBlock(NULL,&block))
                    {
                        nLoaded++;
                        nPos += 4 + nSize;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        catch (std::exception &e) {
            printf("%s() : Deserialize or I/O error caught during load\n",
                   __PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
        }
    }
    printf("Loaded %i blocks from external file in %"PRI64d"ms\n", nLoaded, GetTimeMillis() - nStart);
    return nLoaded > 0;
}

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// CAlert
//

extern map<uint256, CAlert> mapAlerts;
extern CCriticalSection cs_mapAlerts;

static string strMintMessage = "Info: Minting suspended due to locked wallet.";
static string strMintWarning;

string GetWarnings(string strFor)
{
    int nPriority = 0;
    string strStatusBar;
    string strRPC;

if (GetBoolArg("-testsafemode"))
        strRPC = "test";

// ppcoin: wallet lock warning for minting
    if (strMintWarning != "")
    {
        nPriority = 0;
        strStatusBar = strMintWarning;
    }

// Misc warnings like out of disk space and clock is wrong
    if (strMiscWarning != "")
    {
        nPriority = 1000;
        strStatusBar = strMiscWarning;
    }

// ppcoin: should not enter safe mode for longer invalid chain
    // ppcoin: if sync-checkpoint is too old do not enter safe mode
    /*if (Checkpoints::IsSyncCheckpointTooOld(60 * 60 * 24 * 365) && !fTestNet && !IsInitialBlockDownload())
    {
        nPriority = 100;
        strStatusBar = "WARNING: Checkpoint is too old. Wait for block chain to download, or notify developers.";
    }

// ppcoin: if detected invalid checkpoint enter safe mode
    if (Checkpoints::hashInvalidCheckpoint != 0)
    {
        nPriority = 3000;
        strStatusBar = strRPC = "WARNING: Invalid checkpoint found! Displayed transactions may not be correct! You may need to upgrade, or notify developers.";
    }*/

if (strFor == "statusbar")
        return strStatusBar;
    else if (strFor == "rpc")
        return strRPC;
    assert(!"GetWarnings() : invalid parameter");
    return "error";
}

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Messages
//

bool static AlreadyHave(CTxDB& txdb, const CInv& inv)
{
    switch (inv.type)
    {
    case MSG_TX:
        {
        bool txInMap = false;
            {
            LOCK(mempool.cs);
            txInMap = (mempool.exists(inv.hash));
            }
        return txInMap ||
               mapOrphanTransactions.count(inv.hash) ||
               txdb.ContainsTx(inv.hash);
        }

case MSG_BLOCK:
        return mapBlockIndex.count(inv.hash) ||
               mapOrphanBlocks.count(inv.hash);
    }
    // Don't know what it is, just say we already got one
    return true;
}

bool static ProcessMessage(CNode* pfrom, string strCommand, CDataStream& vRecv)
{
	static map<CService, CPubKey> mapReuseKey;
    RandAddSeedPerfmon();
    if (fDebug)
        printf("received: %s (%"PRIszu" bytes)\n", strCommand.c_str(), vRecv.size());
    if (mapArgs.count("-dropmessagestest") && GetRand(atoi(mapArgs["-dropmessagestest"])) == 0)
    {
        printf("dropmessagestest DROPPING RECV MESSAGE\n");
        return true;
    }

if (strCommand == "version")
    {
        // Each connection can only send one version message
        if (pfrom->nVersion != 0)
        {
            pfrom->Misbehaving(1);
            return false;
        }

int64 nTime;
        CAddress addrMe;
        CAddress addrFrom;
        uint64 nNonce = 1;
        vRecv >> pfrom->nVersion >> pfrom->nServices >> nTime >> addrMe;
		if (pfrom->nVersion < PROTOCOL_START)
        {
            // Since February 20, 2012, the protocol is initiated at version 209,
            // and earlier versions are no longer supported
            printf("partner %s using obsolete version %i; disconnecting\n", pfrom->addr.ToString().c_str(), pfrom->nVersion);
            pfrom->fDisconnect = true;
            return false;
        }
		
		if((fStrictProtocol) && pfrom->nVersion != PROTOCOL_VERSION)
		{
			printf("Strict Protocol: partner %s using obsolete version %i; disconnecting\n", pfrom->addr.ToString().c_str(), pfrom->nVersion);
            pfrom->fDisconnect = true;
            return false;
		}

if (pfrom->nVersion == 10300)
            pfrom->nVersion = 300;
        if (!vRecv.empty())
            vRecv >> addrFrom >> nNonce;
        if (!vRecv.empty())
            vRecv >> pfrom->strSubVer;
        if (!vRecv.empty())
            vRecv >> pfrom->nStartingHeight;

if (pfrom->fInbound && addrMe.IsRoutable())
        {
            pfrom->addrLocal = addrMe;
            SeenLocal(addrMe);
        }

// Disconnect if we connected to ourself
        if (nNonce == nLocalHostNonce && nNonce > 1)
        {
            printf("connected to self at %s, disconnecting\n", pfrom->addr.ToString().c_str());
            pfrom->fDisconnect = true;
            return true;
        }

if (pfrom->nVersion < 72000)
		{
			printf("partner %s using an old client %d, disconnecting\n", pfrom->addr.ToString().c_str(), pfrom->nVersion);
			pfrom->fDisconnect = true;
			return true;
		}
		
        // ppcoin: record my external IP reported by peer
        if (addrFrom.IsRoutable() && addrMe.IsRoutable())
            addrSeenByPeer = addrMe;

// Be shy and don't send version until we hear
        if (pfrom->fInbound)
            pfrom->PushVersion();

pfrom->fClient = !(pfrom->nServices & NODE_NETWORK);

AddTimeData(pfrom->addr, nTime);

// Change version
        pfrom->PushMessage("verack");
        pfrom->vSend.SetVersion(min(pfrom->nVersion, PROTOCOL_VERSION));

// Ask the first connected node for block updates
        static int nAskedForBlocks = 0;
        if (!pfrom->fClient && !pfrom->fOneShot &&
            (pfrom->nStartingHeight > (nBestHeight - 144)) &&
            (pfrom->nVersion < NOBLKS_VERSION_START ||
             pfrom->nVersion >= NOBLKS_VERSION_END) &&
             (nAskedForBlocks < 1 || vNodes.size() <= 1))
        {
            nAskedForBlocks++;
            pfrom->PushGetBlocks(pindexBest, uint256(0));
        }

// Relay alerts
        {
            LOCK(cs_mapAlerts);
            BOOST_FOREACH(PAIRTYPE(const uint256, CAlert)& item, mapAlerts)
                item.second.RelayTo(pfrom);
        }

/* HyperStake does not use checkpoint server
        // ppcoin: relay sync-checkpoint
        {
            LOCK(Checkpoints::cs_hashSyncCheckpoint);
            if (!Checkpoints::checkpointMessage.IsNull())
                Checkpoints::checkpointMessage.RelayTo(pfrom);
        }*/

pfrom->fSuccessfullyConnected = true;

printf("receive version message: version %d, blocks=%d, us=%s, them=%s, peer=%s\n", pfrom->nVersion, pfrom->nStartingHeight, addrMe.ToString().c_str(), addrFrom.ToString().c_str(), pfrom->addr.ToString().c_str());

cPeerBlockCounts.input(pfrom->nStartingHeight);

// Be more aggressive with blockchain download. Send new getblocks() message after connection
	// to new node if waited longer than MAX_TIME_SINCE_BEST_BLOCK.
	int64 TimeSinceBestBlock = GetTime() - nTimeBestReceived;
	if (TimeSinceBestBlock > MAX_TIME_SINCE_BEST_BLOCK) {
		printf("INFO: Waiting %"PRI64d" sec which is too long. Sending GetBlocks(0)\n", TimeSinceBestBlock);
		pfrom->PushGetBlocks(pindexBest, uint256(0));
	}
		/* HyperStake does not use checkpoint server
        // ppcoin: ask for pending sync-checkpoint if any
        if (!IsInitialBlockDownload())
            Checkpoints::AskForPendingSyncCheckpoint(pfrom);*/
    }

else if (pfrom->nVersion == 0)
    {
        // Must have a version message before anything else
        pfrom->Misbehaving(1);
        return false;
    }

else if (strCommand == "verack")
    {
        pfrom->SetRecvVersion(min(pfrom->nVersion, PROTOCOL_VERSION));
    }

else if (strCommand == "addr")
    {
        vector<CAddress> vAddr;
        vRecv >> vAddr;

// Don't want addr from older versions unless seeding
        if (pfrom->nVersion < CADDR_TIME_VERSION && addrman.size() > 1000)
            return true;
        if (vAddr.size() > 1000)
        {
            pfrom->Misbehaving(20);
            return error("message addr size() = %"PRIszu"", vAddr.size());
        }

// Store the new addresses
        vector<CAddress> vAddrOk;
        int64 nNow = GetAdjustedTime();
        int64 nSince = nNow - 10 * 60;
        BOOST_FOREACH(CAddress& addr, vAddr)
        {
            if (fShutdown)
                return true;
            if (addr.nTime <= 100000000 || addr.nTime > nNow + 10 * 60)
                addr.nTime = nNow - 5 * 24 * 60 * 60;
            pfrom->AddAddressKnown(addr);
            bool fReachable = IsReachable(addr);
            if (addr.nTime > nSince && !pfrom->fGetAddr && vAddr.size() <= 10 && addr.IsRoutable())
            {
                // Relay to a limited number of other nodes
                {
                    LOCK(cs_vNodes);
                    // Use deterministic randomness to send to the same nodes for 24 hours
                    // at a time so the setAddrKnowns of the chosen nodes prevent repeats
                    static uint256 hashSalt;
                    if (hashSalt == 0)
                        hashSalt = GetRandHash();
                    uint64 hashAddr = addr.GetHash();
                    uint256 hashRand = hashSalt ^ (hashAddr<<32) ^ ((GetTime()+hashAddr)/(24*60*60));
                    hashRand = Hash(BEGIN(hashRand), END(hashRand));
                    multimap<uint256, CNode*> mapMix;
                    BOOST_FOREACH(CNode* pnode, vNodes)
                    {
                        if (pnode->nVersion < CADDR_TIME_VERSION)
                            continue;
                        unsigned int nPointer;
                        memcpy(&nPointer, &pnode, sizeof(nPointer));
                        uint256 hashKey = hashRand ^ nPointer;
                        hashKey = Hash(BEGIN(hashKey), END(hashKey));
                        mapMix.insert(make_pair(hashKey, pnode));
                    }
                    int nRelayNodes = fReachable ? 2 : 1; // limited relaying of addresses outside our network(s)
                    for (multimap<uint256, CNode*>::iterator mi = mapMix.begin(); mi != mapMix.end() && nRelayNodes-- > 0; ++mi)
                        ((*mi).second)->PushAddress(addr);
                }
            }
            // Do not store addresses outside our network
            if (fReachable)
                vAddrOk.push_back(addr);
        }
        addrman.Add(vAddrOk, pfrom->addr, 2 * 60 * 60);
        if (vAddr.size() < 1000)
            pfrom->fGetAddr = false;
        if (pfrom->fOneShot)
            pfrom->fDisconnect = true;
    }

else if (strCommand == "inv")
    {
        vector<CInv> vInv;
        vRecv >> vInv;
        if (vInv.size() > MAX_INV_SZ)
        {
            pfrom->Misbehaving(20);
            return error("message inv size() = %"PRIszu"", vInv.size());
        }

if (fShutdown)
                return true;
            pfrom->AddInventoryKnown(inv);

bool fAlreadyHave = AlreadyHave(txdb, inv);
            if (fDebug)
                printf("  got inventory: %s  %s\n", inv.ToString().c_str(), fAlreadyHave ? "have" : "new");

// Track requests for our stuff
            Inventory(inv.hash);
        }
    }

else if (strCommand == "getdata")
    {
        vector<CInv> vInv;
        vRecv >> vInv;
        if (vInv.size() > MAX_INV_SZ)
        {
            pfrom->Misbehaving(20);
            return error("message getdata size() = %"PRIszu"", vInv.size());
        }

if (fDebugNet || (vInv.size() != 1))
            printf("received getdata (%"PRIszu" invsz)\n", vInv.size());

BOOST_FOREACH(const CInv& inv, vInv)
        {
            if (fShutdown)
                return true;
            if (fDebugNet || (vInv.size() == 1))
                printf("received getdata for: %s\n", inv.ToString().c_str());

if (inv.type == MSG_BLOCK)
            {
                // Send block from disk
                map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.find(inv.hash);
                if (mi != mapBlockIndex.end())
                {
                    CBlock block;
                    block.ReadFromDisk((*mi).second);
                    pfrom->PushMessage("block", block);

// Trigger them to send a getblocks request for the next batch of inventory
                    if (inv.hash == pfrom->hashContinue)
                    {
                        vector<CInv> vInv;
                        vInv.push_back(CInv(MSG_BLOCK, hashBestChain));

pfrom->PushMessage("inv", vInv);
                        pfrom->hashContinue = 0;
                    }
                }
            }
            else if (inv.IsKnownType())
            {
                // Send stream from relay memory
                bool pushed = false;
                {
                    LOCK(cs_mapRelay);
                    map<CInv, CDataStream>::iterator mi = mapRelay.find(inv);
                    if (mi != mapRelay.end()) {
                        pfrom->PushMessage(inv.GetCommand(), (*mi).second);
                        pushed = true;
                    }
                }
                if (!pushed && inv.type == MSG_TX) {
                    LOCK(mempool.cs);
                    if (mempool.exists(inv.hash)) {
                        CTransaction tx = mempool.lookup(inv.hash);
                        CDataStream ss(SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION);
                        ss.reserve(1000);
                        ss << tx;
                        pfrom->PushMessage("tx", ss);
                    }
                }
            }

// Track requests for our stuff
            Inventory(inv.hash);
        }
    }

else if (strCommand == "getblocks")
    {
        //clear our mapGetBlocksRequests every 3 minutes to prevent storing lots of data
		if(nLastMapGetBlocksClear != 0 && GetTime() - nLastMapGetBlocksClear > (180))
			mapGetBlocksRequests.clear();
		
		CBlockLocator locator;
        uint256 hashStop;
        vRecv >> locator >> hashStop;

// Find the last block the caller has in the main chain
        CBlockIndex* pindex = locator.GetBlockIndex();

// Send the rest of the chain
        if (pindex)
            pindex = pindex->pnext;
        int nLimit = 1000;
		int nFirst = (pindex ? pindex->nHeight : -1);
        printf("getblocks %d to %s limit %d\n", nFirst, hashStop.ToString().substr(0,20).c_str(), nLimit);
        for (; pindex; pindex = pindex->pnext)
        {
            if(fStrictIncoming)
			{
				nLastMapGetBlocksClear = GetTime();
				std::string strFrom = pfrom->addrName;
				if(mapGetBlocksRequests.count(strFrom))
				{
					if(mapGetBlocksRequests[strFrom].first == nFirst) // if the peer has already requested this
						mapGetBlocksRequests[strFrom].second += 1; // count times this has been requested
					else
					{
						// this has not been requested from this peer, so record it
						mapGetBlocksRequests[strFrom].first = nFirst;
						mapGetBlocksRequests[strFrom].second = 1;
					}
					if(mapGetBlocksRequests[strFrom].first != -1 && mapGetBlocksRequests[strFrom].second > 100)
					{
						printf("GetBlocksRequest: disconnect from peer %s that has requested the same thing more than 100 times\n", strFrom.c_str());
						pfrom->fDisconnect = true;
						return false;
					}			
				}
				else
				{	
					// if peer hasn't requested any blocks yet then add them to map
					printf("GetBlocksRequest: adding peer to map\n");
					mapGetBlocksRequests[strFrom].first = nFirst;
					mapGetBlocksRequests[strFrom].second = 1;
				}
			}
			if (pindex->GetBlockHash() == hashStop)
            {
                printf("  getblocks stopping at %d %s\n", pindex->nHeight, pindex->GetBlockHash().ToString().substr(0,20).c_str());
                break;
            }
            pfrom->PushInventory(CInv(MSG_BLOCK, pindex->GetBlockHash()));
            if (--nLimit <= 0)
            {
                // When this block is requested, we'll send an inv that'll make them
                // getblocks the next batch of inventory.
                printf("  getblocks stopping at limit %d %s\n", pindex->nHeight, pindex->GetBlockHash().ToString().substr(0,20).c_str());
                pfrom->hashContinue = pindex->GetBlockHash();
                break;
            }
        }
    }
    else if (strCommand == "checkpoint")
    {
        CSyncCheckpoint checkpoint;
        vRecv >> checkpoint;

else if (strCommand == "getheaders")
    {
        CBlockLocator locator;
        uint256 hashStop;
        vRecv >> locator >> hashStop;

vector<CBlock> vHeaders;
        int nLimit = 2000;
        printf("getheaders %d to %s\n", (pindex ? pindex->nHeight : -1), hashStop.ToString().substr(0,20).c_str());
        for (; pindex; pindex = pindex->pnext)
        {
            vHeaders.push_back(pindex->GetBlockHeader());
            if (--nLimit <= 0 || pindex->GetBlockHash() == hashStop)
                break;
        }
        pfrom->PushMessage("headers", vHeaders);
    }

else if (strCommand == "tx")
    {
        vector<uint256> vWorkQueue;
        vector<uint256> vEraseQueue;
        CDataStream vMsg(vRecv);
        CTxDB txdb("r");
        CTransaction tx;
        vRecv >> tx;

CInv inv(MSG_TX, tx.GetHash());
        pfrom->AddInventoryKnown(inv);

bool fMissingInputs = false;
        if (tx.AcceptToMemoryPool(txdb, true, &fMissingInputs))
        {
            SyncWithWallets(tx, NULL, true);
            RelayMessage(inv, vMsg);
            mapAlreadyAskedFor.erase(inv);
            vWorkQueue.push_back(inv.hash);
            vEraseQueue.push_back(inv.hash);

// Recursively process any orphan transactions that depended on this one
            for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vWorkQueue.size(); i++)
            {
                uint256 hashPrev = vWorkQueue[i];
                for (map<uint256, CDataStream*>::iterator mi = mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev[hashPrev].begin();
                     mi != mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev[hashPrev].end();
                     ++mi)
                {
                    const CDataStream& vMsg = *((*mi).second);
                    CTransaction tx;
                    CDataStream(vMsg) >> tx;
                    CInv inv(MSG_TX, tx.GetHash());
                    bool fMissingInputs2 = false;

if (tx.AcceptToMemoryPool(txdb, true, &fMissingInputs2))
                    {
                        printf("   accepted orphan tx %s\n", inv.hash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());
                        SyncWithWallets(tx, NULL, true);
                        RelayMessage(inv, vMsg);
                        mapAlreadyAskedFor.erase(inv);
                        vWorkQueue.push_back(inv.hash);
                        vEraseQueue.push_back(inv.hash);
                    }
                    else if (!fMissingInputs2)
                    {
                        // invalid orphan
                        vEraseQueue.push_back(inv.hash);
                        printf("   removed invalid orphan tx %s\n", inv.hash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());
                    }
                }
            }

BOOST_FOREACH(uint256 hash, vEraseQueue)
                EraseOrphanTx(hash);
        }
        else if (fMissingInputs)
        {
            AddOrphanTx(vMsg);

// DoS prevention: do not allow mapOrphanTransactions to grow unbounded
            unsigned int nEvicted = LimitOrphanTxSize(MAX_ORPHAN_TRANSACTIONS);
            if (nEvicted > 0)
                printf("mapOrphan overflow, removed %u tx\n", nEvicted);
        }
        if (tx.nDoS) pfrom->Misbehaving(tx.nDoS);
    }

else if (strCommand == "block")
    {
        CBlock block;
        vRecv >> block;

printf("received block %s\n", block.GetHash().ToString().substr(0,20).c_str());
        // block.print();

CInv inv(MSG_BLOCK, block.GetHash());
        pfrom->AddInventoryKnown(inv);

if (ProcessBlock(pfrom, &block)) 
            mapAlreadyAskedFor.erase(inv);
		else 
		{
			if(fStrictIncoming)
			{
				string strFrom = pfrom->addrName; 
				if(mapPeerRejectedBlocks.count(strFrom) == 0)
					mapPeerRejectedBlocks[strFrom] = 1;
				else
					mapPeerRejectedBlocks[strFrom] += 1;
				if (mapPeerRejectedBlocks[strFrom] > 100)
				{
					printf("MapPeerRejectedBlocks: %s has sent 100 orphans, disconnecting\n", strFrom.c_str());
					pfrom->fDisconnect = true;
					return false;
				}
			}
			// Be more aggressive with blockchain download. Send getblocks() message after
			// an error related to new block download
            int64 TimeSinceBestBlock = GetTime() - nTimeBestReceived;
            if (TimeSinceBestBlock > MAX_TIME_SINCE_BEST_BLOCK)
			{
				printf("INFO: Waiting %"PRI64d" sec which is too long. Sending GetBlocks(0)\n", TimeSinceBestBlock);
                pfrom->PushGetBlocks(pindexBest, uint256(0));
            }
        }
        if (block.nDoS) pfrom->Misbehaving(block.nDoS);
    }

else if (strCommand == "getaddr")
    {
        pfrom->vAddrToSend.clear();
        vector<CAddress> vAddr = addrman.GetAddr();
        BOOST_FOREACH(const CAddress &addr, vAddr)
            pfrom->PushAddress(addr);
    }

else if (strCommand == "checkorder")
    {
        uint256 hashReply;
        vRecv >> hashReply;

if (!GetBoolArg("-allowreceivebyip"))
        {
            pfrom->PushMessage("reply", hashReply, (int)2, string(""));
            return true;
        }

CWalletTx order;
        vRecv >> order;

/// we have a chance to check the order here

// Keep giving the same key to the same ip until they use it
        if (!mapReuseKey.count(pfrom->addr))
            pwalletMain->GetKeyFromPool(mapReuseKey[pfrom->addr], true);

else if (strCommand == "reply")
    {
        uint256 hashReply;
        vRecv >> hashReply;

else if (strCommand == "ping")
    {
        if (pfrom->nVersion > BIP0031_VERSION)
        {
            uint64 nonce = 0;
            vRecv >> nonce;
            // Echo the message back with the nonce. This allows for two useful features:
            //
            // 1) A remote node can quickly check if the connection is operational
            // 2) Remote nodes can measure the latency of the network thread. If this node
            //    is overloaded it won't respond to pings quickly and the remote node can
            //    avoid sending us more work, like chain download requests.
            //
            // The nonce stops the remote getting confused between different pings: without
            // it, if the remote node sends a ping once per second and this node takes 5
            // seconds to respond to each, the 5th ping the remote sends would appear to
            // return very quickly.
            pfrom->PushMessage("pong", nonce);
        }
    }

else if (strCommand == "alert")
    {
        CAlert alert;
        vRecv >> alert;

uint256 alertHash = alert.GetHash();
        if (pfrom->setKnown.count(alertHash) == 0)
        {
            if (alert.ProcessAlert())
            {
                // Relay
                pfrom->setKnown.insert(alertHash);
                {
                    LOCK(cs_vNodes);
                    BOOST_FOREACH(CNode* pnode, vNodes)
                        alert.RelayTo(pnode);
                }
            }
            else {
                // Small DoS penalty so peers that send us lots of
                // duplicate/expired/invalid-signature/whatever alerts
                // eventually get banned.
                // This isn't a Misbehaving(100) (immediate ban) because the
                // peer might be an older or different implementation with
                // a different signature key, etc.
                if(!alert.CheckSignature())
					pfrom->Misbehaving(10);
            }
        }
    }

else
    {
        // Ignore unknown commands for extensibility
    }

return true;
}

// requires LOCK(cs_vRecvMsg)
bool ProcessMessages(CNode* pfrom)
{
    //if (fDebug)
    //    printf("ProcessMessages(%zu messages)\n", pfrom->vRecvMsg.size());

//
    // Message format
    //  (4) message start
    //  (12) command
    //  (4) size
    //  (4) checksum
    //  (x) data
    //
    bool fOk = true;

std::deque<CNetMessage>::iterator it = pfrom->vRecvMsg.begin();
    while (it != pfrom->vRecvMsg.end()) {
        // Don't bother if send buffer is too full to respond anyway
        if (pfrom->vSend.size() >= SendBufferSize())
            break;

// get next message
        CNetMessage& msg = *it;

//if (fDebug)
        //    printf("ProcessMessages(message %u msgsz, %zu bytes, complete:%s)\n",
        //            msg.hdr.nMessageSize, msg.vRecv.size(),
        //            msg.complete() ? "Y" : "N");

// end, if an incomplete message is found
        if (!msg.complete())
            break;

// at this point, any failure means we can delete the current message
        it++;

// Scan for message start
        if (memcmp(msg.hdr.pchMessageStart, pchMessageStart, sizeof(pchMessageStart)) != 0) {
            printf("\n\nPROCESSMESSAGE: INVALID MESSAGESTART\n\n");
            fOk = false;
            break;
        }

// Read header
        CMessageHeader& hdr = msg.hdr;
        if (!hdr.IsValid())
        {
            printf("\n\nPROCESSMESSAGE: ERRORS IN HEADER %s\n\n\n", hdr.GetCommand().c_str());
            continue;
        }
        string strCommand = hdr.GetCommand();

// Message size
        unsigned int nMessageSize = hdr.nMessageSize;

// Checksum
        CDataStream& vRecv = msg.vRecv;
        uint256 hash = Hash(vRecv.begin(), vRecv.begin() + nMessageSize);
        unsigned int nChecksum = 0;
        memcpy(&nChecksum, &hash, sizeof(nChecksum));
        if (nChecksum != hdr.nChecksum)
        {
            printf("ProcessMessages(%s, %u bytes) : CHECKSUM ERROR nChecksum=%08x hdr.nChecksum=%08x\n",
               strCommand.c_str(), nMessageSize, nChecksum, hdr.nChecksum);
            continue;
        }

// Process message
        bool fRet = false;
        try
        {
            {
                LOCK(cs_main);
                fRet = ProcessMessage(pfrom, strCommand, vRecv);
            }
            if (fShutdown)
                break;
        }
        catch (std::ios_base::failure& e)
        {
            if (strstr(e.what(), "end of data"))
            {
                // Allow exceptions from under-length message on vRecv
                printf("ProcessMessages(%s, %u bytes) : Exception '%s' caught, normally caused by a message being shorter than its stated length\n", strCommand.c_str(), nMessageSize, e.what());
            }
            else if (strstr(e.what(), "size too large"))
            {
                // Allow exceptions from over-long size
                printf("ProcessMessages(%s, %u bytes) : Exception '%s' caught\n", strCommand.c_str(), nMessageSize, e.what());
            }
            else
            {
                PrintExceptionContinue(&e, "ProcessMessages()");
            }
        }
        catch (std::exception& e) {
            PrintExceptionContinue(&e, "ProcessMessages()");
        } catch (...) {
            PrintExceptionContinue(NULL, "ProcessMessages()");
        }

if (!fRet)
            printf("ProcessMessage(%s, %u bytes) FAILED\n", strCommand.c_str(), nMessageSize);
    }

pfrom->vRecvMsg.erase(pfrom->vRecvMsg.begin(), it);
    return fOk;
}

// Keep-alive ping. We send a nonce of zero because we don't use it anywhere
        // right now.
        if (pto->nLastSend && GetTime() - pto->nLastSend > 30 * 60 && pto->vSend.empty()) {
            uint64 nonce = 0;
            if (pto->nVersion > BIP0031_VERSION)
                pto->PushMessage("ping", nonce);
            else
                pto->PushMessage("ping");
        }

// Resend wallet transactions that haven't gotten in a block yet
        ResendWalletTransactions();

// Address refresh broadcast
        static int64 nLastRebroadcast;
        if (!IsInitialBlockDownload() && (GetTime() - nLastRebroadcast > 24 * 60 * 60))
        {
            {
                LOCK(cs_vNodes);
                BOOST_FOREACH(CNode* pnode, vNodes)
                {
                    // Periodically clear setAddrKnown to allow refresh broadcasts
                    if (nLastRebroadcast)
                        pnode->setAddrKnown.clear();

if (fTrickleWait)
                    {
                        vInvWait.push_back(inv);
                        continue;
                    }
                }

//
        // Message: getdata
        //
        vector<CInv> vGetData;
        int64 nNow = GetTime() * 1000000;
        CTxDB txdb("r");
        while (!pto->mapAskFor.empty() && (*pto->mapAskFor.begin()).first <= nNow)
        {
            const CInv& inv = (*pto->mapAskFor.begin()).second;
            if (!AlreadyHave(txdb, inv))
            {
                if (fDebugNet)
                    printf("sending getdata: %s\n", inv.ToString().c_str());
                vGetData.push_back(inv);
                if (vGetData.size() >= 1000)
                {
                    pto->PushMessage("getdata", vGetData);
                    vGetData.clear();
                }
                mapAlreadyAskedFor[inv] = nNow;
            }
            pto->mapAskFor.erase(pto->mapAskFor.begin());
        }
        if (!vGetData.empty())
            pto->PushMessage("getdata", vGetData);

}
    return true;
}

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// BitcoinMiner
//

int static FormatHashBlocks(void* pbuffer, unsigned int len)
{
    unsigned char* pdata = (unsigned char*)pbuffer;
    unsigned int blocks = 1 + ((len + 8) / 64);
    unsigned char* pend = pdata + 64 * blocks;
    memset(pdata + len, 0, 64 * blocks - len);
    pdata[len] = 0x80;
    unsigned int bits = len * 8;
    pend[-1] = (bits >> 0) & 0xff;
    pend[-2] = (bits >> 8) & 0xff;
    pend[-3] = (bits >> 16) & 0xff;
    pend[-4] = (bits >> 24) & 0xff;
    return blocks;
}

static const unsigned int pSHA256InitState[8] =
{0x6a09e667, 0xbb67ae85, 0x3c6ef372, 0xa54ff53a, 0x510e527f, 0x9b05688c, 0x1f83d9ab, 0x5be0cd19};

void SHA256Transform(void* pstate, void* pinput, const void* pinit)
{
    SHA256_CTX ctx;
    unsigned char data[64];

SHA256_Init(&ctx);

for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
        ((uint32_t*)data)[i] = ByteReverse(((uint32_t*)pinput)[i]);

for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
        ctx.h[i] = ((uint32_t*)pinit)[i];

SHA256_Update(&ctx, data, sizeof(data));
    for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
        ((uint32_t*)pstate)[i] = ctx.h[i];
}

// Some explaining would be appreciated
class COrphan
{
public:
    CTransaction* ptx;
    set<uint256> setDependsOn;
    double dPriority;
    double dFeePerKb;

COrphan(CTransaction* ptxIn)
    {
        ptx = ptxIn;
        dPriority = dFeePerKb = 0;
    }

void print() const
    {
        printf("COrphan(hash=%s, dPriority=%.1f, dFeePerKb=%.1f)\n",
               ptx->GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10).c_str(), dPriority, dFeePerKb);
        BOOST_FOREACH(uint256 hash, setDependsOn)
            printf("   setDependsOn %s\n", hash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());
    }
};

uint64 nLastBlockTx = 0;
uint64 nLastBlockSize = 0;
int64 nLastCoinStakeSearchInterval = 0;
 
// We want to sort transactions by priority and fee, so:
typedef boost::tuple<double, double, CTransaction*> TxPriority;
class TxPriorityCompare
{
    bool byFee;
public:
    TxPriorityCompare(bool _byFee) : byFee(_byFee) { }
    bool operator()(const TxPriority& a, const TxPriority& b)
    {
        if (byFee)
        {
            if (a.get<1>() == b.get<1>())
                return a.get<0>() < b.get<0>();
            return a.get<1>() < b.get<1>();
        }
        else
        {
            if (a.get<0>() == b.get<0>())
                return a.get<1>() < b.get<1>();
            return a.get<0>() < b.get<0>();
        }
    }
};

// CreateNewBlock:
//   fProofOfStake: try (best effort) to make a proof-of-stake block
CBlock* CreateNewBlock(CWallet* pwallet, bool fProofOfStake)
{
    CReserveKey reservekey(pwallet);

// Create new block
    auto_ptr<CBlock> pblock(new CBlock());
    if (!pblock.get())
        return NULL;

// Create coinbase tx
    CTransaction txNew;
    txNew.vin.resize(1);
    txNew.vin[0].prevout.SetNull();
    txNew.vout.resize(1);
    txNew.vout[0].scriptPubKey << reservekey.GetReservedKey() << OP_CHECKSIG;

// Add our coinbase tx as first transaction
    pblock->vtx.push_back(txNew);

// Largest block you're willing to create:
    unsigned int nBlockMaxSize = GetArg("-blockmaxsize", MAX_BLOCK_SIZE_GEN/2);
    // Limit to betweeen 1K and MAX_BLOCK_SIZE-1K for sanity:
    nBlockMaxSize = std::max((unsigned int)1000, std::min((unsigned int)(MAX_BLOCK_SIZE-1000), nBlockMaxSize));

// How much of the block should be dedicated to high-priority transactions,
    // included regardless of the fees they pay
    unsigned int nBlockPrioritySize = GetArg("-blockprioritysize", 27000);
    nBlockPrioritySize = std::min(nBlockMaxSize, nBlockPrioritySize);

// Minimum block size you want to create; block will be filled with free transactions
    // until there are no more or the block reaches this size:
    unsigned int nBlockMinSize = GetArg("-blockminsize", 0);
    nBlockMinSize = std::min(nBlockMaxSize, nBlockMinSize);

// Fee-per-kilobyte amount considered the same as "free"
    // Be careful setting this: if you set it to zero then
    // a transaction spammer can cheaply fill blocks using
    // 1-satoshi-fee transactions. It should be set above the real
    // cost to you of processing a transaction.
    int64 nMinTxFee = MIN_TX_FEE;
    if (mapArgs.count("-mintxfee"))
        ParseMoney(mapArgs["-mintxfee"], nMinTxFee);
	
    // ppcoin: if coinstake available add coinstake tx
    static int64 nLastCoinStakeSearchTime = GetAdjustedTime();  // only initialized at startup
    CBlockIndex* pindexPrev = pindexBest;

if (fProofOfStake && !pwalletMain->fDisableStake)  // attempt to find a coinstake && make sure settings allow PoS (presstab HyperStake)
    {
        pblock->nBits = GetNextTargetRequired(pindexPrev, true);
        CTransaction txCoinStake;
        int64 nSearchTime = txCoinStake.nTime; // search to current time
        if (nSearchTime > nLastCoinStakeSearchTime)
        {
			// printf(">>> OK1\n");
            if (pwallet->CreateCoinStake(*pwallet, pblock->nBits, nSearchTime-nLastCoinStakeSearchTime, txCoinStake))
            {
				if (txCoinStake.nTime >= max(pindexPrev->GetMedianTimePast()+1, pindexPrev->GetBlockTime() - GetClockDrift(pindexPrev->GetBlockTime())))
                {   // make sure coinstake would meet timestamp protocol
                    // as it would be the same as the block timestamp
                    pblock->vtx[0].vout[0].SetEmpty();
                    pblock->vtx[0].nTime = txCoinStake.nTime;
                    pblock->vtx.push_back(txCoinStake);
                }
            }
            nLastCoinStakeSearchInterval = nSearchTime - nLastCoinStakeSearchTime;
            nLastCoinStakeSearchTime = nSearchTime;
        }
    }

pblock->nBits = GetNextTargetRequired(pindexPrev, pblock->IsProofOfStake());

// Collect memory pool transactions into the block
    int64 nFees = 0;
    {
        LOCK2(cs_main, mempool.cs);
        CBlockIndex* pindexPrev = pindexBest;
        CTxDB txdb("r");

// Priority order to process transactions
        list<COrphan> vOrphan; // list memory doesn't move
        map<uint256, vector<COrphan*> > mapDependers;

// This vector will be sorted into a priority queue:
        vector<TxPriority> vecPriority;
        vecPriority.reserve(mempool.mapTx.size());
        for (map<uint256, CTransaction>::iterator mi = mempool.mapTx.begin(); mi != mempool.mapTx.end(); ++mi)
        {
            CTransaction& tx = (*mi).second;
            if (tx.IsCoinBase() || tx.IsCoinStake() || !tx.IsFinal())
                continue;

COrphan* porphan = NULL;
            double dPriority = 0;
            int64 nTotalIn = 0;
            bool fMissingInputs = false;
            BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin)
            {
                // Read prev transaction
                CTransaction txPrev;
                CTxIndex txindex;
                if (!txPrev.ReadFromDisk(txdb, txin.prevout, txindex))
                {
                    // This should never happen; all transactions in the memory
                    // pool should connect to either transactions in the chain
                    // or other transactions in the memory pool.
                    if (!mempool.mapTx.count(txin.prevout.hash))
                    {
                        printf("ERROR: mempool transaction missing input\n");
                        if (fDebug) assert("mempool transaction missing input" == 0);
                        fMissingInputs = true;
                        if (porphan)
                            vOrphan.pop_back();
                        break;
                    }

// Has to wait for dependencies
                    if (!porphan)
                    {
                        // Use list for automatic deletion
                        vOrphan.push_back(COrphan(&tx));
                        porphan = &vOrphan.back();
                    }
                    mapDependers[txin.prevout.hash].push_back(porphan);
                    porphan->setDependsOn.insert(txin.prevout.hash);
                    nTotalIn += mempool.mapTx[txin.prevout.hash].vout[txin.prevout.n].nValue;
                    continue;
                }
                int64 nValueIn = txPrev.vout[txin.prevout.n].nValue;
                nTotalIn += nValueIn;

int nConf = txindex.GetDepthInMainChain();
                dPriority += (double)nValueIn * nConf;
            }
            if (fMissingInputs) continue;

// Priority is sum(valuein * age) / txsize
            unsigned int nTxSize = ::GetSerializeSize(tx, SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION);
            dPriority /= nTxSize;

// This is a more accurate fee-per-kilobyte than is used by the client code, because the
            // client code rounds up the size to the nearest 1K. That's good, because it gives an
            // incentive to create smaller transactions.
            double dFeePerKb =  double(nTotalIn-tx.GetValueOut()) / (double(nTxSize)/1000.0);

if (porphan)
            {
                porphan->dPriority = dPriority;
                porphan->dFeePerKb = dFeePerKb;
            }
            else
                vecPriority.push_back(TxPriority(dPriority, dFeePerKb, &(*mi).second));
        }

// Collect transactions into block
        map<uint256, CTxIndex> mapTestPool;
        uint64 nBlockSize = 1000;
        uint64 nBlockTx = 0;
        int nBlockSigOps = 100;
        bool fSortedByFee = (nBlockPrioritySize <= 0);

TxPriorityCompare comparer(fSortedByFee);
        std::make_heap(vecPriority.begin(), vecPriority.end(), comparer);

while (!vecPriority.empty())
        {
            // Take highest priority transaction off the priority queue:
            double dPriority = vecPriority.front().get<0>();
            double dFeePerKb = vecPriority.front().get<1>();
            CTransaction& tx = *(vecPriority.front().get<2>());

std::pop_heap(vecPriority.begin(), vecPriority.end(), comparer);
            vecPriority.pop_back();

// Size limits
            unsigned int nTxSize = ::GetSerializeSize(tx, SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION);
            if (nBlockSize + nTxSize >= nBlockMaxSize)
                continue;

// Legacy limits on sigOps:
            unsigned int nTxSigOps = tx.GetLegacySigOpCount();
            if (nBlockSigOps + nTxSigOps >= MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS)
                continue;

// Timestamp limit
            if (tx.nTime > GetAdjustedTime() || (pblock->IsProofOfStake() && tx.nTime > pblock->vtx[1].nTime))
                continue;

// ppcoin: simplify transaction fee - allow free = false
            int64 nMinFee = tx.GetMinFee(nBlockSize, false, GMF_BLOCK);

// Skip free transactions if we're past the minimum block size:
            if (fSortedByFee && (dFeePerKb < nMinTxFee) && (nBlockSize + nTxSize >= nBlockMinSize))
                continue;

// Prioritize by fee once past the priority size or we run out of high-priority
            // transactions:
            if (!fSortedByFee &&
                ((nBlockSize + nTxSize >= nBlockPrioritySize) || (dPriority < COIN * 144 / 250)))
            {
                fSortedByFee = true;
                comparer = TxPriorityCompare(fSortedByFee);
                std::make_heap(vecPriority.begin(), vecPriority.end(), comparer);
            }

// Connecting shouldn't fail due to dependency on other memory pool transactions
            // because we're already processing them in order of dependency
            map<uint256, CTxIndex> mapTestPoolTmp(mapTestPool);
            MapPrevTx mapInputs;
            bool fInvalid;
            if (!tx.FetchInputs(txdb, mapTestPoolTmp, false, true, mapInputs, fInvalid))
                continue;

int64 nTxFees = tx.GetValueIn(mapInputs)-tx.GetValueOut();
            if (nTxFees < nMinFee)
                continue;

nTxSigOps += tx.GetP2SHSigOpCount(mapInputs);
            if (nBlockSigOps + nTxSigOps >= MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS)
                continue;

if (!tx.ConnectInputs(txdb, mapInputs, mapTestPoolTmp, CDiskTxPos(1,1,1), pindexPrev, false, true))
                continue;
            mapTestPoolTmp[tx.GetHash()] = CTxIndex(CDiskTxPos(1,1,1), tx.vout.size());
            swap(mapTestPool, mapTestPoolTmp);

// Added
            pblock->vtx.push_back(tx);
            nBlockSize += nTxSize;
            ++nBlockTx;
            nBlockSigOps += nTxSigOps;
            nFees += nTxFees;

if (fDebug && GetBoolArg("-printpriority"))
            {
                printf("priority %.1f feeperkb %.1f txid %s\n",
                       dPriority, dFeePerKb, tx.GetHash().ToString().c_str());
            }

// Add transactions that depend on this one to the priority queue
            uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();
            if (mapDependers.count(hash))
            {
                BOOST_FOREACH(COrphan* porphan, mapDependers[hash])
                {
                    if (!porphan->setDependsOn.empty())
                    {
                        porphan->setDependsOn.erase(hash);
                        if (porphan->setDependsOn.empty())
                        {
                            vecPriority.push_back(TxPriority(porphan->dPriority, porphan->dFeePerKb, porphan->ptx));
                            std::push_heap(vecPriority.begin(), vecPriority.end(), comparer);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

nLastBlockTx = nBlockTx;
        nLastBlockSize = nBlockSize;

if (fDebug && GetBoolArg("-printpriority"))
            printf("CreateNewBlock(): total size %"PRI64u"\n", nBlockSize);

if (pblock->IsProofOfWork())
            pblock->vtx[0].vout[0].nValue = GetProofOfWorkReward(pindexPrev->nHeight+1, nFees, pindexPrev->GetBlockHash());

// Fill in header
        pblock->hashPrevBlock  = pindexPrev->GetBlockHash();
        if (pblock->IsProofOfStake())
            pblock->nTime      = pblock->vtx[1].nTime; //same as coinstake timestamp
        pblock->nTime          = max(pindexPrev->GetMedianTimePast()+1, pblock->GetMaxTransactionTime());
        pblock->nTime          = max(pblock->GetBlockTime(), pindexPrev->GetBlockTime() - GetClockDrift(pindexPrev->GetBlockTime()));
        if (pblock->IsProofOfWork())
            pblock->UpdateTime(pindexPrev);
        pblock->nNonce         = 0;
    }

return pblock.release();
}

void IncrementExtraNonce(CBlock* pblock, CBlockIndex* pindexPrev, unsigned int& nExtraNonce)
{
    // Update nExtraNonce
    static uint256 hashPrevBlock;
    if (hashPrevBlock != pblock->hashPrevBlock)
    {
        nExtraNonce = 0;
        hashPrevBlock = pblock->hashPrevBlock;
    }
    ++nExtraNonce;
    unsigned int nHeight = pindexPrev->nHeight+1; // Height first in coinbase required for block.version=2
    pblock->vtx[0].vin[0].scriptSig = (CScript() << nHeight << CBigNum(nExtraNonce)) + COINBASE_FLAGS;
    assert(pblock->vtx[0].vin[0].scriptSig.size() <= 100);

pblock->hashMerkleRoot = pblock->BuildMerkleTree();
}

void FormatHashBuffers(CBlock* pblock, char* pmidstate, char* pdata, char* phash1)
{
    //
    // Pre-build hash buffers
    //
    struct
    {
        struct unnamed2
        {
            int nVersion;
            uint256 hashPrevBlock;
            uint256 hashMerkleRoot;
            unsigned int nTime;
            unsigned int nBits;
            unsigned int nNonce;
        }
        block;
        unsigned char pchPadding0[64];
        uint256 hash1;
        unsigned char pchPadding1[64];
    }
    tmp;
    memset(&tmp, 0, sizeof(tmp));

tmp.block.nVersion       = pblock->nVersion;
    tmp.block.hashPrevBlock  = pblock->hashPrevBlock;
    tmp.block.hashMerkleRoot = pblock->hashMerkleRoot;
    tmp.block.nTime          = pblock->nTime;
    tmp.block.nBits          = pblock->nBits;
    tmp.block.nNonce         = pblock->nNonce;

FormatHashBlocks(&tmp.block, sizeof(tmp.block));
    FormatHashBlocks(&tmp.hash1, sizeof(tmp.hash1));

// Byte swap all the input buffer
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < sizeof(tmp)/4; i++)
        ((unsigned int*)&tmp)[i] = ByteReverse(((unsigned int*)&tmp)[i]);

// Precalc the first half of the first hash, which stays constant
    SHA256Transform(pmidstate, &tmp.block, pSHA256InitState);

memcpy(pdata, &tmp.block, 128);
    memcpy(phash1, &tmp.hash1, 64);
}

bool CheckWork(CBlock* pblock, CWallet& wallet, CReserveKey& reservekey)
{
    uint256 hash = pblock->GetHash();
    uint256 hashTarget = CBigNum().SetCompact(pblock->nBits).getuint256();

if (hash > hashTarget && pblock->IsProofOfWork())
        return error("BitcoinMiner : proof-of-work not meeting target");

//// debug print
    printf("BitcoinMiner:\n");
    printf("new block found  \n  hash: %s  \ntarget: %s\n", hash.GetHex().c_str(), hashTarget.GetHex().c_str());
    pblock->print();
    printf("generated %s\n", FormatMoney(pblock->vtx[0].vout[0].nValue).c_str());

// Found a solution
    {
        LOCK(cs_main);
        if (pblock->hashPrevBlock != hashBestChain)
            return error("BitcoinMiner : generated block is stale");

// Remove key from key pool
        reservekey.KeepKey();

// Track how many getdata requests this block gets
        {
            LOCK(wallet.cs_wallet);
            wallet.mapRequestCount[pblock->GetHash()] = 0;
        }

// Process this block the same as if we had received it from another node
        if (!ProcessBlock(NULL, pblock))
            return error("BitcoinMiner : ProcessBlock, block not accepted");
    }

return true;
}

void static ThreadBitcoinMiner(void* parg);

static bool fGenerateBitcoins = false;
static bool fLimitProcessors = false;
static int nLimitProcessors = -1;

void BitcoinMiner(CWallet *pwallet, bool fProofOfStake)
{
    printf("CPUMiner started for proof-of-%s\n", fProofOfStake? "stake" : "work");
    SetThreadPriority(THREAD_PRIORITY_LOWEST);

// Make this thread recognisable as the mining thread
    RenameThread("bitcoin-miner");

// Each thread has its own key and counter
    CReserveKey reservekey(pwallet);
    unsigned int nExtraNonce = 0;
	
    while (fGenerateBitcoins || fProofOfStake)
    {
        if (fShutdown)
            return;
        
        while (vNodes.empty() || IsInitialBlockDownload() || pwallet->IsLocked()  ||  !pwallet->MintableCoins())
        {
            nLastCoinStakeSearchInterval = 0;
            Sleep(1000);
            if (fShutdown)
                return;
            if (!fGenerateBitcoins && !fProofOfStake)
                return;
        }

if(mapHashedBlocks.count(nBestHeight)) //search our map of hashed blocks, see if bestblock has been hashed yet
        {
            if(GetTime() - mapHashedBlocks[nBestHeight] < max(pwallet->nHashInterval, (unsigned int)1)) // wait half of the nHashDrift with max wait of 3 minutes
            {
				Sleep(2500); // 2.5 second sleep
                continue;
            }
        }

//
        // Create new block
        //
        unsigned int nTransactionsUpdatedLast = nTransactionsUpdated;
        CBlockIndex* pindexPrev = pindexBest;

auto_ptr<CBlock> pblock(CreateNewBlock(pwallet, fProofOfStake));
        if (!pblock.get())
            return;
        IncrementExtraNonce(pblock.get(), pindexPrev, nExtraNonce);

if (fProofOfStake)
        {
            // ppcoin: if proof-of-stake block found then process block
            if (pblock->IsProofOfStake())
            {
                printf("CPUMiner : proof-of-stake block found %s\n", pblock->GetHash().ToString().c_str());
				
				if (!pblock->SignBlock(*pwalletMain))
                {
                    continue;
                }
                strMintWarning = "";
				printf("CPUMiner : proof-of-stake block was signed %s\n", pblock->GetHash().ToString().c_str());
                SetThreadPriority(THREAD_PRIORITY_NORMAL);
                CheckWork(pblock.get(), *pwalletMain, reservekey);
                SetThreadPriority(THREAD_PRIORITY_LOWEST);
            }
            continue;
        }

printf("Running BitcoinMiner with %"PRIszu" transactions in block (%u bytes)\n", pblock->vtx.size(),
               ::GetSerializeSize(*pblock, SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION));

//
        // Pre-build hash buffers
        //
        char pmidstatebuf[32+16]; char* pmidstate = alignup<16>(pmidstatebuf);
        char pdatabuf[128+16];    char* pdata     = alignup<16>(pdatabuf);
        char phash1buf[64+16];    char* phash1    = alignup<16>(phash1buf);

FormatHashBuffers(pblock.get(), pmidstate, pdata, phash1);

unsigned int& nBlockTime = *(unsigned int*)(pdata + 64 + 4);
        unsigned int& nBlockBits = *(unsigned int*)(pdata + 64 + 8);

//
        // Search
        //
        int64 nStart = GetTime();
        uint256 hashTarget = CBigNum().SetCompact(pblock->nBits).getuint256();

while (true)
        {
            unsigned int nHashesDone = 0;

uint256 thash;
            while (true)
            {
                thash = pblock->GetHash();
                if (thash <= hashTarget)
                {

if (!pblock->SignBlock(*pwalletMain))
                    {
                        break;
                    }

SetThreadPriority(THREAD_PRIORITY_NORMAL);
                    CheckWork(pblock.get(), *pwallet, reservekey);
                    SetThreadPriority(THREAD_PRIORITY_LOWEST);
                    break;
                }
                pblock->nNonce += 1;
                nHashesDone += 1;
                if ((pblock->nNonce & 0xFF) == 0)
                    break;
            }

// Meter hashes/sec
            static int64 nHashCounter;
            if (nHPSTimerStart == 0)
            {
                nHPSTimerStart = GetTimeMillis();
                nHashCounter = 0;
            }
            else
                nHashCounter += nHashesDone;
            if (GetTimeMillis() - nHPSTimerStart > 4000)
            {
                static CCriticalSection cs;
                {
                    LOCK(cs);
                    if (GetTimeMillis() - nHPSTimerStart > 4000)
                    {
                        dHashesPerSec = 1000.0 * nHashCounter / (GetTimeMillis() - nHPSTimerStart);
                        nHPSTimerStart = GetTimeMillis();
                        nHashCounter = 0;
                        static int64 nLogTime;
                        if (GetTime() - nLogTime > 30 * 60)
                        {
                            nLogTime = GetTime();
                            printf("hashmeter %6.0f khash/s\n", dHashesPerSec/1000.0);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

// Check for stop or if block needs to be rebuilt
            boost::this_thread::interruption_point();
            if (vNodes.empty())
                break;
            if (pblock->nNonce >= 0xffff0000)
                break;
            if (nTransactionsUpdated != nTransactionsUpdatedLast && GetTime() - nStart > 60)
                break;
            if (pindexPrev != pindexBest)
                break;

// Update nTime every few seconds
            pblock->UpdateTime(pindexPrev);
            nBlockTime = ByteReverse(pblock->nTime);
            if (fTestNet)
            {
                // Changing pblock->nTime can change work required on testnet:
                nBlockBits = ByteReverse(pblock->nBits);
                hashTarget = CBigNum().SetCompact(pblock->nBits).getuint256();
            }
        }
    }
}

void static ThreadBitcoinMiner(void* parg)
{
    CWallet* pwallet = (CWallet*)parg;
    try
    {
        vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_MINER]++;
        BitcoinMiner(pwallet, false);
        vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_MINER]--;
    }
    catch (std::exception& e) {
        vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_MINER]--;
        PrintException(&e, "ThreadBitcoinMiner()");
    } catch (...) {
        vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_MINER]--;
        PrintException(NULL, "ThreadBitcoinMiner()");
    }
    nHPSTimerStart = 0;
    if (vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_MINER] == 0)
        dHashesPerSec = 0;
    printf("ThreadBitcoinMiner exiting, %d threads remaining\n", vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_MINER]);
}

void GenerateBitcoins(bool fGenerate, CWallet* pwallet)
{
    fGenerateBitcoins = fGenerate;
    nLimitProcessors = GetArg("-genproclimit", -1);
    if (nLimitProcessors == 0)
        fGenerateBitcoins = false;
    fLimitProcessors = (nLimitProcessors != -1);

if (fGenerate)
    {
        int nProcessors = boost::thread::hardware_concurrency();
        printf("%d processors\n", nProcessors);
        if (nProcessors < 1)
            nProcessors = 1;
        if (fLimitProcessors && nProcessors > nLimitProcessors)
            nProcessors = nLimitProcessors;
        int nAddThreads = nProcessors - vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_MINER];
        printf("Starting %d BitcoinMiner threads\n", nAddThreads);
        for (int i = 0; i < nAddThreads; i++)
        {
            if (!NewThread(ThreadBitcoinMiner, pwallet))
                printf("Error: NewThread(ThreadBitcoinMiner) failed\n");
            Sleep(10);
        }
    }
}